diff --git a/eras/conway/impl/src/Cardano/Ledger/Conway/Rules/Bbody.hs b/eras/conway/impl/src/Cardano/Ledger/Conway/Rules/Bbody.hs
index bcb5acd681b..715b2dcce95 100644
--- a/eras/conway/impl/src/Cardano/Ledger/Conway/Rules/Bbody.hs
+++ b/eras/conway/impl/src/Cardano/Ledger/Conway/Rules/Bbody.hs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ import Cardano.Ledger.Babbage.Rules (BabbageUtxoPredFailure, BabbageUtxowPredFai
 import Cardano.Ledger.Alonzo.PParams (AlonzoEraPParams)
 import qualified Cardano.Ledger.Alonzo.Rules as Alonzo (AlonzoBbodyPredFailure (..))
 import Cardano.Ledger.Alonzo.Tx (AlonzoTx)
-import Cardano.Ledger.Alonzo.TxSeq (AlonzoTxSeq)
+import Cardano.Ledger.Alonzo.TxSeq (AlonzoTxSeq, txSeqTxns)
 import Cardano.Ledger.Alonzo.TxWits (AlonzoEraTxWits (..))
 import Cardano.Ledger.BHeaderView (BHeaderView (..))
 import Cardano.Ledger.BaseTypes (ShelleyBase)
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ import Cardano.Ledger.Conway.Rules.Utxow (ConwayUtxowPredFailure)
 import Cardano.Ledger.Core
 import qualified Cardano.Ledger.Era as Era
 import Cardano.Ledger.Keys (DSignable, Hash)
-import Cardano.Ledger.Shelley.LedgerState (LedgerState)
+import Cardano.Ledger.Shelley.LedgerState (LedgerState (..), utxosUtxo)
 import Cardano.Ledger.Shelley.Rules (
   BbodyEnv (..),
   ShelleyBbodyEvent (..),
@@ -70,12 +70,16 @@ import qualified Cardano.Ledger.Shelley.Rules as Shelley (ShelleyBbodyPredFailur
 import Control.State.Transition (
   Embed (..),
   STS (..),
+  TRC (..),
   TransitionRule,
+  judgmentContext,
+  (?!),
  )
 import Data.Sequence (Seq)
 import GHC.Generics (Generic)
 import NoThunks.Class (NoThunks (..))
 
+import Cardano.Ledger.Babbage.Core (BabbageEraTxBody)
 import Cardano.Ledger.Binary (DecCBOR (..), EncCBOR (..))
 import Cardano.Ledger.Binary.Coders (
   Decode (..),
@@ -85,6 +89,10 @@ import Cardano.Ledger.Binary.Coders (
   (!>),
   (<!),
  )
+import Cardano.Ledger.Conway.UTxO (txNonDistinctRefScriptsSize)
+import Data.Foldable (Foldable (foldMap'))
+import Data.Monoid (Sum (getSum))
+import qualified Data.Monoid as Monoid (Sum (..))
 
 data ConwayBbodyPredFailure era
   = WrongBlockBodySizeBBODY
@@ -248,7 +256,10 @@ instance
   , EraSegWits era
   , AlonzoEraPParams era
   , InjectRuleFailure "BBODY" AlonzoBbodyPredFailure era
+  , InjectRuleFailure "BBODY" ConwayBbodyPredFailure era
   , EraRule "BBODY" era ~ ConwayBBODY era
+  , EraTx era
+  , BabbageEraTxBody era
   ) =>
   STS (ConwayBBODY era)
   where
@@ -268,28 +279,38 @@ instance
   type Event (ConwayBBODY era) = AlonzoBbodyEvent era
 
   initialRules = []
-  transitionRules = [conwayBbodyTransition @era]
+  transitionRules = [conwayBbodyTransition @era >> alonzoBbodyTransition @era]
 
 conwayBbodyTransition ::
   forall era.
-  ( STS (EraRule "BBODY" era)
-  , Signal (EraRule "BBODY" era) ~ Block (BHeaderView (EraCrypto era)) era
+  ( Signal (EraRule "BBODY" era) ~ Block (BHeaderView (EraCrypto era)) era
   , State (EraRule "BBODY" era) ~ ShelleyBbodyState era
-  , Environment (EraRule "BBODY" era) ~ BbodyEnv era
-  , Embed (EraRule "LEDGERS" era) (EraRule "BBODY" era)
-  , BaseM (EraRule "BBODY" era) ~ ShelleyBase
-  , Environment (EraRule "LEDGERS" era) ~ ShelleyLedgersEnv era
   , State (EraRule "LEDGERS" era) ~ LedgerState era
-  , Signal (EraRule "LEDGERS" era) ~ Seq (Tx era)
-  , EraSegWits era
-  , AlonzoEraTxWits era
   , Era.TxSeq era ~ AlonzoTxSeq era
   , Tx era ~ AlonzoTx era
-  , AlonzoEraPParams era
   , InjectRuleFailure "BBODY" AlonzoBbodyPredFailure era
+  , InjectRuleFailure "BBODY" ConwayBbodyPredFailure era
+  , EraTx era
+  , BabbageEraTxBody era
   ) =>
   TransitionRule (EraRule "BBODY" era)
-conwayBbodyTransition = alonzoBbodyTransition @era
+conwayBbodyTransition = do
+  judgmentContext
+    >>= \( TRC
+            ( _
+              , state@(BbodyState (LedgerState utxoState _) _)
+              , UnserialisedBlock _ txsSeq
+              )
+          ) -> do
+        let maxTotalRefScriptSize = 2560 * 1024 :: Int -- 2.5 MB = 2.5 * 1024 * 1024 bytes
+            utxo = utxosUtxo utxoState
+            txs = txSeqTxns txsSeq
+            totalRefScriptSize = getSum $ foldMap' (Monoid.Sum . txNonDistinctRefScriptsSize utxo) txs
+        totalRefScriptSize
+          <= maxTotalRefScriptSize
+            ?! injectFailure @"BBODY"
+              (RefScriptsSizeTooBig totalRefScriptSize maxTotalRefScriptSize)
+        pure state
 
 instance
   ( Era era