diff --git a/include/hardware/Encoder/ADIEncoder.hpp b/include/hardware/Encoder/ADIEncoder.hpp
index 78059bd..63f3ecd 100644
--- a/include/hardware/Encoder/ADIEncoder.hpp
+++ b/include/hardware/Encoder/ADIEncoder.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "hardware/Encoder/Encoder.hpp"
+#include "hardware/Port.hpp"
 #include "pros/adi.hpp"
 
 namespace lemlib {
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ class ADIEncoder : public Encoder {
          * }
          * @endcode
          */
-        ADIEncoder(std::uint8_t topPort, std::uint8_t bottomPort, bool reversed);
+        ADIEncoder(ADIPort topPort, ADIPort bottomPort, bool reversed);
         /**
          * @brief Construct a new Optical Shaft Encoder
          *
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ class ADIEncoder : public Encoder {
          * }
          * @endcode
          */
-        ADIEncoder(std::uint8_t expanderPort, std::uint8_t topPort, std::uint8_t bottomPort, bool reversed);
+        ADIEncoder(SmartPort expanderPort, ADIPort topPort, ADIPort bottomPort, bool reversed);
         /**
          * @brief whether the encoder is connected
          *
diff --git a/include/hardware/Encoder/V5RotationSensor.hpp b/include/hardware/Encoder/V5RotationSensor.hpp
index 3afc54e..d955dc3 100644
--- a/include/hardware/Encoder/V5RotationSensor.hpp
+++ b/include/hardware/Encoder/V5RotationSensor.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "hardware/Encoder/Encoder.hpp"
+#include "hardware/Port.hpp"
 #include "pros/rotation.hpp"
 
 namespace lemlib {
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ class V5RotationSensor : public Encoder {
          * }
          * @endcode
          */
-        V5RotationSensor(std::int8_t port);
+        V5RotationSensor(ReversibleSmartPort port);
         /**
          * @brief Construct a new V5 Rotation Sensor
          *
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ class V5RotationSensor : public Encoder {
          * }
          * @endcode
          */
-        V5RotationSensor(std::uint8_t port, bool reversed);
+        V5RotationSensor(SmartPort port, bool reversed);
         /**
          * @brief whether the V5 Rotation Sensor is connected
          *
diff --git a/include/hardware/Imu/V5InertialSensor.hpp b/include/hardware/Imu/V5InertialSensor.hpp
index 5e68190..11f96c4 100644
--- a/include/hardware/Imu/V5InertialSensor.hpp
+++ b/include/hardware/Imu/V5InertialSensor.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "hardware/Imu/Imu.hpp"
+#include "hardware/Port.hpp"
 #include "pros/imu.hpp"
 
 namespace lemlib {
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ class V5InertialSensor : public Imu {
          * }
          * @endcode
          */
-        V5InertialSensor(std::uint8_t port);
+        V5InertialSensor(SmartPort port);
         /**
          * @brief calibrate the V5 Inertial Sensor
          *
diff --git a/include/hardware/Motor/Motor.hpp b/include/hardware/Motor/Motor.hpp
index 49e577c..e47a43b 100644
--- a/include/hardware/Motor/Motor.hpp
+++ b/include/hardware/Motor/Motor.hpp
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include "pros/motors.hpp"
 #include "hardware/encoder/Encoder.hpp"
+#include "hardware/Port.hpp"
 #include "units/Temperature.hpp"
 
 namespace lemlib {
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ class Motor : public Encoder {
          * }
          * @endcode
          */
-        Motor(int port, AngularVelocity outputVelocity);
+        Motor(ReversibleSmartPort port, AngularVelocity outputVelocity);
         /**
          * @brief Construct a new Motor object
          *
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ class Motor : public Encoder {
          * }
          * @endcode
          */
-        Motor(uint8_t port, bool reversed, AngularVelocity outputVelocity);
+        Motor(SmartPort port, bool reversed, AngularVelocity outputVelocity);
         /**
          * @brief Construct a new Motor object
          * 
diff --git a/include/hardware/Motor/MotorGroup.hpp b/include/hardware/Motor/MotorGroup.hpp
index fced502..4115202 100644
--- a/include/hardware/Motor/MotorGroup.hpp
+++ b/include/hardware/Motor/MotorGroup.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "pros/motor_group.hpp"
 #include "hardware/Motor/Motor.hpp"
+#include "hardware/Port.hpp"
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace lemlib {
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ class MotorGroup : Encoder {
          * }
          * @endcode
          */
-        MotorGroup(std::initializer_list<int> ports, AngularVelocity outputVelocity);
+        MotorGroup(std::initializer_list<ReversibleSmartPort> ports, AngularVelocity outputVelocity);
         /**
          * @brief Construct a new Motor Group
          *
diff --git a/include/hardware/Port.hpp b/include/hardware/Port.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d1e5b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/hardware/Port.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+namespace lemlib {
+
+struct DynamicPort {};
+
+constexpr DynamicPort runtime_check_port {};
+
+class SmartPort {
+    public:
+        consteval SmartPort(std::int64_t port)
+            : m_port(port) {
+            // XXX: this doesnt actaully throw an exception since the ctor
+            // is consteval, it halts compilation instead
+            if (port < 1 || port > 21) throw "Port out of range!";
+        }
+
+        SmartPort(std::int64_t port, DynamicPort)
+            : m_port(port) {
+            if (port < 1 || port > 21) m_port = 0;
+        }
+
+        std::uint8_t get_port() const { return m_port; }
+
+        operator std::uint8_t() const { return m_port; }
+    private:
+        std::uint8_t m_port;
+};
+
+class ReversibleSmartPort {
+    public:
+        consteval ReversibleSmartPort(std::int64_t port)
+            : m_port(port < 0 ? -port : port),
+              m_reversed(port < 0) {
+            if (port < 0) port = -port;
+            // XXX: this doesnt actaully throw an exception since the ctor
+            // is consteval, it halts compilation instead
+            if (port < 1 || port > 21) throw "Port out of range!";
+        }
+
+        ReversibleSmartPort(std::int64_t port, DynamicPort)
+            : m_port(port < 0 ? -port : port),
+              m_reversed(port < 0) {
+            if (port < 0) port = -port;
+            if (port < 1 || port > 21) m_port = 0;
+        }
+
+        std::uint8_t get_port() const { return m_port; }
+
+        bool get_reversed() const { return m_reversed; }
+
+        operator int() const { return m_port; }
+    private:
+        std::uint8_t m_port;
+        bool m_reversed;
+};
+
+class ADIPort {
+    public:
+        consteval ADIPort(std::int64_t port)
+            : m_port(0) {
+            if (port >= 'a' && port <= 'h') port -= ('a' - 1);
+            else if (port >= 'A' && port <= 'H') port -= ('A' - 1);
+            if (port < 1 || port > 8) throw "Port out of range!";
+            m_port = port;
+        }
+
+        ADIPort(std::int64_t port, DynamicPort)
+            : m_port(0) {
+            if (port < 1 || port > 21) m_port = 0;
+            if (port >= 'a' && port <= 'h') port -= ('a' - 1);
+            else if (port >= 'A' && port <= 'H') port -= ('A' - 1);
+            if (port < 1 || port > 8) return;
+            m_port = port;
+        }
+
+        std::uint8_t get_port() const { return m_port; }
+
+        operator std::uint8_t() const { return m_port; }
+    private:
+        std::uint8_t m_port;
+};
+
+} // namespace lemlib
diff --git a/src/hardware/Encoder/ADIEncoder.cpp b/src/hardware/Encoder/ADIEncoder.cpp
index 7f971e7..c1a2068 100644
--- a/src/hardware/Encoder/ADIEncoder.cpp
+++ b/src/hardware/Encoder/ADIEncoder.cpp
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "hardware/Encoder/ADIEncoder.hpp"
+#include "hardware/Port.hpp"
 #include <cmath>
 #include <limits.h>
 
@@ -6,10 +7,10 @@ namespace lemlib {
 ADIEncoder::ADIEncoder(pros::adi::Encoder encoder)
     : m_encoder(encoder) {}
 
-ADIEncoder::ADIEncoder(std::uint8_t topPort, std::uint8_t bottomPort, bool reversed)
+ADIEncoder::ADIEncoder(ADIPort topPort, ADIPort bottomPort, bool reversed)
     : m_encoder(pros::adi::Encoder(topPort, bottomPort, reversed)) {}
 
-ADIEncoder::ADIEncoder(std::uint8_t expanderPort, std::uint8_t topPort, std::uint8_t bottomPort, bool reversed)
+ADIEncoder::ADIEncoder(SmartPort expanderPort, ADIPort topPort, ADIPort bottomPort, bool reversed)
     : m_encoder({expanderPort, topPort, bottomPort}, reversed) {}
 
 int ADIEncoder::isConnected() {
diff --git a/src/hardware/Encoder/V5RotationSensor.cpp b/src/hardware/Encoder/V5RotationSensor.cpp
index 0765b62..3fde772 100644
--- a/src/hardware/Encoder/V5RotationSensor.cpp
+++ b/src/hardware/Encoder/V5RotationSensor.cpp
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "hardware/Encoder/V5RotationSensor.hpp"
+#include "hardware/Port.hpp"
 #include "pros/rotation.h"
 #include <limits.h>
 
@@ -9,13 +10,13 @@ V5RotationSensor::V5RotationSensor(pros::Rotation encoder)
     pros::c::rotation_set_reversed(m_port, m_reversed);
 }
 
-V5RotationSensor::V5RotationSensor(std::int8_t port)
+V5RotationSensor::V5RotationSensor(ReversibleSmartPort port)
     : m_port(abs(port)),
       m_reversed(port < 0) {
     pros::c::rotation_set_reversed(m_port, m_reversed);
 }
 
-V5RotationSensor::V5RotationSensor(std::uint8_t port, bool reversed)
+V5RotationSensor::V5RotationSensor(SmartPort port, bool reversed)
     : m_port(port),
       m_reversed(reversed) {
     pros::c::rotation_set_reversed(m_port, m_reversed);
diff --git a/src/hardware/Imu/V5InertialSensor.cpp b/src/hardware/Imu/V5InertialSensor.cpp
index d9d7cbd..35dbff0 100644
--- a/src/hardware/Imu/V5InertialSensor.cpp
+++ b/src/hardware/Imu/V5InertialSensor.cpp
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 #include "hardware/Imu/V5InertialSensor.hpp"
+#include "hardware/Port.hpp"
 
 namespace lemlib {
 V5InertialSensor::V5InertialSensor(pros::Imu imu)
     : m_imu(imu) {}
 
-V5InertialSensor::V5InertialSensor(std::uint8_t port)
+V5InertialSensor::V5InertialSensor(SmartPort port)
     : m_imu(port) {}
 
 int V5InertialSensor::calibrate() { return m_imu.reset(); }
diff --git a/src/hardware/Motor/Motor.cpp b/src/hardware/Motor/Motor.cpp
index 1bb5997..761a10e 100644
--- a/src/hardware/Motor/Motor.cpp
+++ b/src/hardware/Motor/Motor.cpp
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "hardware/Motor/Motor.hpp"
+#include "hardware/Port.hpp"
 #include "hardware/util.hpp"
 #include "units/Angle.hpp"
 #include "pros/device.h"
@@ -11,11 +12,11 @@ using namespace pros;
 using namespace pros::c;
 
 namespace lemlib {
-Motor::Motor(int port, AngularVelocity outputVelocity)
+Motor::Motor(ReversibleSmartPort port, AngularVelocity outputVelocity)
     : m_port(port),
       m_outputVelocity(outputVelocity) {}
 
-Motor::Motor(uint8_t port, bool reversed, AngularVelocity outputVelocity)
+Motor::Motor(SmartPort port, bool reversed, AngularVelocity outputVelocity)
     : m_port(reversed ? -port : port),
       m_outputVelocity(outputVelocity) {}
 
diff --git a/src/hardware/Motor/MotorGroup.cpp b/src/hardware/Motor/MotorGroup.cpp
index a5d2bcb..adffae4 100644
--- a/src/hardware/Motor/MotorGroup.cpp
+++ b/src/hardware/Motor/MotorGroup.cpp
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "hardware/Motor/MotorGroup.hpp"
+#include "hardware/Port.hpp"
 #include "Motor.hpp"
 #include "units/Angle.hpp"
 #include "units/Temperature.hpp"
@@ -7,7 +8,7 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 
 namespace lemlib {
-MotorGroup::MotorGroup(std::initializer_list<int> ports, AngularVelocity outputVelocity)
+MotorGroup::MotorGroup(std::initializer_list<ReversibleSmartPort> ports, AngularVelocity outputVelocity)
     : m_outputVelocity(outputVelocity) {
     for (const int port : ports) { m_motors.push_back({.port = port, .connectedLastCycle = true, .offset = 0_stDeg}); }
 }