From 4047f381459ffd6f2f7ac69c4ac037e3bfead40e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jay Liu Date: Fri, 10 Mar 2017 01:35:52 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 01/20] complete 6.1 --- lfs-8.0/chapter06/introduction.html | 109 ++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 30 insertions(+), 79 deletions(-) diff --git a/lfs-8.0/chapter06/introduction.html b/lfs-8.0/chapter06/introduction.html index d97b370..7a01b70 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0/chapter06/introduction.html +++ b/lfs-8.0/chapter06/introduction.html @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ + "application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> - 6.1. Introduction + 6.1 介绍 @@ -19,153 +19,104 @@

Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

- Chapter 6. Installing Basic System Software + 第6章 安装基本系统软件

- 6.1. - Introduction + 6.1 + 介绍

- In this chapter, we enter the building site and start constructing - the LFS system in earnest. That is, we chroot into the temporary mini - Linux system, make a few final preparations, and then begin - installing the packages. + 在本章中，我们进入构建页面，开始认真构建 LFS 系统。也就是说，我们需要 chroot 到临时的迷你 Linux 系统，做一些最后的准备，然后开始安装软件包。

- The installation of this software is straightforward. Although in - many cases the installation instructions could be made shorter and - more generic, we have opted to provide the full instructions for - every package to minimize the possibilities for mistakes. The key to - learning what makes a Linux system work is to know what each package - is used for and why you (or the system) may need it. + 安装这些软件很简单。虽然在很多情况下安装说明可以做得更短，更通用，但是我们选择提供每个包的完整说明给大家，以尽量减少产生错误的可能性。学习 Linux 系统如何工作的关键是知道每个软件包是用来干什么以及你（或者系统）为什么需要它。

- We do not recommend using optimizations. They can make a program run - slightly faster, but they may also cause compilation difficulties and - problems when running the program. If a package refuses to compile - when using optimization, try to compile it without optimization and - see if that fixes the problem. Even if the package does compile when - using optimization, there is the risk it may have been compiled - incorrectly because of the complex interactions between the code and - build tools. Also note that the -march - and -mtune options using values not - specified in the book have not been tested. This may cause problems - with the toolchain packages (Binutils, GCC and Glibc). The small - potential gains achieved in using compiler optimizations are often - outweighed by the risks. First-time builders of LFS are encouraged to - build without custom optimizations. The subsequent system will still - run very fast and be stable at the same time. + 我们不建议使用最优化配置。它们可以使程序运行速度略快，但可能导致编译更困难或者程序运行时出现问题。如果某个包在使用优化时编译出错，请尝试在没有优化的情况下编译它，看看是否能解决问题。即使软件包在使用优化时进行编译，由于代码和构建工具之间复杂的交互，也有编译不正确的风险。另请注意，-march 和 -mtune 选项尚未测试，他们使用了未作详细说明的值。这可能会导致工具链包（Binutils，GCC 和 Glibc）出现问题。在使用编译器优化时实现的一点潜在增益通常会被其风险所抵消。建议首次构建 LFS 的人无需自定义优化。后续系统仍将运行非常快，同时也很稳定。

- The order that packages are installed in this chapter needs to be - strictly followed to ensure that no program accidentally acquires a - path referring to /tools hard-wired - into it. For the same reason, do not compile separate packages in - parallel. Compiling in parallel may save time (especially on dual-CPU - machines), but it could result in a program containing a hard-wired - path to /tools, which will cause the - program to stop working when that directory is removed. + 本章中安装软件包的顺序需要严格遵守，因为安装某些程序需要引用硬链接到 /tools 的路径，这样做可以确保这些程序不会产生这种意外的问题。同样，也不要并行编译单独的包。虽然并行编译可以节省时间（特别是在双CPU机器上），但它可能会影响到包含在 /tools 的硬连线路径中的程序，这将导致程序在该目录被删除时停止工作。

- Before the installation instructions, each installation page provides - information about the package, including a concise description of - what it contains, approximately how long it will take to build, and - how much disk space is required during this building process. - Following the installation instructions, there is a list of programs - and libraries (along with brief descriptions of these) that the - package installs. + 在进行安装说明之前，每个安装页面都会提供相关软件包的信息，包括其中包含内容的简述，大约需要的构建时长，以及在构建过程中需要多少磁盘空间。安装说明中会有一个安装软件包所需程序和库的列表（以及它们的简要说明）。

[Note]

- Note + 注意

- The SBU values and required disk space includes test suite data for - all applicable packages in Chapter 6. + SBU 值和所需硬盘空间包含第6章所有适用软件包的测试套件数据。

- 6.1.1. About libraries + 6.1.1. 关于函数库

- In general, the LFS editors discourage building and installing - static libraries. The original purpose for most static libraries - has been made obsolete in a modern Linux system. In addition - linking a static library into a program can be detrimental. If an - update to the library is needed to remove a security problem, all - programs that use the static library will need to be relinked to - the new library. Since the use of static libraries is not always - obvious, the relevant programs (and the procedures needed to do the - linking) may not even be known. + 一般来说，LFS 编辑器不鼓励构建和安装静态库。大多数静态库的最初目的在现代 Linux 系统中已经过时了。另外，将静态库链接到程序中可能是有害的。如果为了消除一个安全问题而需要更新一个静态库，那么使用这个静态库的所有程序都需要重新链接到新库。因为静态库的作用并不总是很明显，相关程序（以及执行链接所需的过程）甚至可能是未知的。

- In the procedures in Chapter 6, we remove or disable installation - of most static libraries. In a few cases, especially glibc and gcc, - the use of static libraries remains essential to the general - package building process. Usually this is done by passing a - --disable-static option to configure. In other cases, - alternate means are needed. + 在介绍第6章的过程中，我们去除或禁用了大多数静态库的安装。在少数情况下，特别是 glibc 和 gcc，静态库的使用对于一般的包构建过程仍然是至关重要的。通常这要通过传递一个 --disable-static 选项给 configure 来完成。在其他情况下，需要其它替代方法。

- For a more complete discussion of libraries, see the discussion + 有关函数库的更详细的讨论，见 BLFS 中的论述 - Libraries: Static or shared? in the BLFS book. + Libraries: Static or shared?

+   翻译团队：LinuxStory LFS 8.0 翻译组    本篇译者：Dawn.L
From 194ca1c59832ad6cd155e07cd68b8c06738d8fbb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jay Liu Date: Fri, 10 Mar 2017 13:51:05 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 02/20] modified 6.1 introduction.html --- lfs-8.0/chapter06/introduction.html | 24 ++++++++++++------------ 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) diff --git a/lfs-8.0/chapter06/introduction.html b/lfs-8.0/chapter06/introduction.html index 7a01b70..f874b72 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0/chapter06/introduction.html +++ b/lfs-8.0/chapter06/introduction.html @@ -19,26 +19,26 @@

Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

- 第6章 安装基本系统软件 + 第六章 安装基本系统软件