diff --git a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/askforhelp.html b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/askforhelp.html index b8a895e..15c55d3 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/askforhelp.html +++ b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/askforhelp.html @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ + "application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> - 1.5. Help + 1.5. 帮助 @@ -13,111 +13,96 @@ "text/css" media="print" /> - +

- Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0-systemd + Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

- Chapter 1. Introduction + 第一部分 介绍

- 1.5. Help + 1.5. 帮助

- If an issue or a question is encountered while working through this - book, please check the FAQ page at http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/faq/#generalfaq. - Questions are often already answered there. If your question is not - answered on this page, try to find the source of the problem. The - following hint will give you some guidance for troubleshooting: + 当你使用本书工作时遇到问题，请查看此页面 http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/faq/#generalfaq 的 FAQ 。这里的问题大多已被解答。如果你的问题在此页面没有答案，先试试找找这个问题的根源。下面的线索会给你一些排错的指导： http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/hints/downloads/files/errors.txt. + "http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/hints/downloads/files/errors.txt">http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/hints/downloads/files/errors.txt。

- If you cannot find your problem listed in the FAQ, search the mailing - lists at http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/search.html. + 如果你在 FAQ 的问题列表上找到你的问题，可以搜索 http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/search.html 页面上的邮件列表。

- We also have a wonderful LFS community that is willing to offer - assistance through the mailing lists and IRC (see the Section 1.4, - “Resources” section of this book). However, we get - several support questions every day and many of them can be easily - answered by going to the FAQ and by searching the mailing lists - first. So, for us to offer the best assistance possible, you need to - do some research on your own first. That allows us to focus on the - more unusual support needs. If your searches do not produce a - solution, please include all relevant information (mentioned below) - in your request for help. + 我们也有一个非常棒的 LFS 社区，社区很愿意通过邮件列表和 IRC （见本书 1.4 + “资源” 章节）。但是我们每天还是会收到一些问题，这些问题大部分都能通过访问 FAQ 以及搜索邮件列表轻易解决。所以为了使我们提供最好的帮助，提出问题前你自己得先做些搜索工作。这能使我们专注于解决那些少见的问题。如果你的搜索没有解决方案，请在你的帮助请求里引用所有的相关信息（下面提及的）。

- 1.5.1. Things to Mention + 1.5.1. 需要提供的信息

- Apart from a brief explanation of the problem being experienced, - the essential things to include in any request for help are: + 除了要提供遇到问题的简要描述，你还需要提供以下信息：

  • - The version of the book being used (in this case 8.0-systemd) + 正在使用的手册版本（本书是 8.0 ）

  • - The host distribution and version being used to create LFS + 用于构建 LFS 的宿主机发行版及其版本

  • - The output from the Host System - Requirements script + 本手册 宿主机系统要求 脚本的输出信息

  • - The package or section the problem was encountered in + 遇见问题的软件包或本手册章节

  • - The exact error message or symptom being received + 收到的确切的错误信息

  • - Note whether you have deviated from the book at all + 注明你是否脱离了本手册的内容

@@ -125,45 +110,34 @@

[Note]

- Note + 注意

- Deviating from this book does not mean that we will not help you. - After all, LFS is about personal preference. Being upfront about - any changes to the established procedure helps us evaluate and - determine possible causes of your problem. + 脱离本手册操作并不 意味着我们不会帮你，但是 LFS 毕竟属于个人的爱好，坦率地指明对既定流程的改动，会对我们评估和确定你问题的可能原因有所帮助。

- 1.5.2. Configure Script Problems + 1.5.2. 配置脚本问题

- If something goes wrong while running the configure script, review the - config.log file. This file may - contain errors encountered during configure which were not printed - to the screen. Include the relevant lines if you need to ask for - help. + 若在运行 configure 脚本时出错，请核查 + config.log 文件。这个文件包含 configure 过程中没有输出到屏幕上的错误。如果你要寻求帮助的话请包含相关 行。

- 1.5.3. Compilation Problems + 1.5.3. 编译问题

- Both the screen output and the contents of various files are useful - in determining the cause of compilation problems. The screen output - from the configure - script and the make - run can be helpful. It is not necessary to include the entire - output, but do include enough of the relevant information. Below is - an example of the type of information to include from the screen - output from make: + 确定编译错误原因时屏幕输出和相关文件内容都很有用。 configure + 脚本和 make + 执行时的屏幕输出都很有用。没有必要包含全部输出，但是请确保包含足够的相关信息。下面是从 make的屏幕输出中需要包括的信息类型的示例： 

 gcc -DALIASPATH=\"/mnt/lfs/usr/share/locale:.\"
@@ -186,49 +160,44 @@ 

 make: *** [all-recursive-am] Error 2

- In this case, many people would just include the bottom section: + 这时候，很多人只会包含最后一行错误信息： 

 make [2]: *** [make] Error 1

- This is not enough information to properly diagnose the problem - because it only notes that something went wrong, not what went wrong. The entire section, as - in the example above, is what should be saved because it includes - the command that was executed and the associated error message(s). + 这些信息不足以诊断问题，因为这些信息只注明有错误产生，却没有注明 哪儿 产生了错误。像上面这一段信息才是应该保存的，因为这些信息包含了已执行的命令及相关的错误信息。

- An excellent article about asking for help on the Internet is - available online at http://catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html. - Read and follow the hints in this document to increase the - likelihood of getting the help you need. + 关于提问的智慧，可以参见这篇 http://catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html文章。 + 阅读并遵循此文章中的提示，可以增加你获得所需帮助的可能性。

diff --git a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/changelog.html b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/changelog.html index 6374328..145b288 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/changelog.html +++ b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/changelog.html @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ + "application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> - 1.3. Changelog + 1.3. 更新日志 @@ -13,58 +13,54 @@ "text/css" media="print" /> - +

- Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0-systemd + Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

- Chapter 1. Introduction + 第一部分 介绍

1.3. - Changelog + 更新日志

- This is version 8.0-systemd of the Linux - From Scratch book, dated February 25, 2017. If this book is more than - six months old, a newer and better version is probably already - available. To find out, please check one of the mirrors via http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/mirrors.html. + 这是 Linux From Scratch 的 8.0 版本，发布于2017年2月25日。如果这本书已发布超过六个月，可能已经有了更新更好的版本。欲知详情请访问以下的镜像站点 http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/mirrors.html 中的任一个。

- Below is a list of changes made since the previous release of the - book. + 以下是上次发布以来的更新。

- Changelog Entries: + 更新日志：

  • @@ -75,14 +71,13 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - LFS-8.0 released. + [bdubbs] - LFS-8.0 发布。

    • - [ken] - Comment out the test-lock test in coreutils, - findutils, gettext because on some machines it now loops - forever. + [ken] - 注释掉 coreutils, + findutils, gettext 中的 test-lock 测试，因为在某些机器上存在死循环问题。

    @@ -96,8 +91,7 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Add a fix (embeeded patch) to shadow to fix an - upstream bug. + [bdubbs] - 添加一个 embeeded 补丁修复上游 bug 。

    @@ -111,9 +105,9 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to file-5.30. Fixes #4047. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4047">#4047。

    @@ -127,16 +121,16 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to grep-3.0. Fixes #4045. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4045">#4045。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to linux-4.9.9. Fixes #4046. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4046">#4046。

    @@ -150,13 +144,12 @@

    • - [dj] - Restore chapter 5 build of bison for binutils. + [dj] - 恢复第五章 为 binutils 构建 bison 。

    • - [dj] - Build gold linker with binutils. The bfd linker - remains default. + [dj] - 使用 binutils 构建 gold 编译器。 bfd 链接器的构建保持默认。

    @@ -170,7 +163,7 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Add bash-4.4 upstream fixes patch. + [bdubbs] - 添加 bash-4.4 上游修复补丁。

    @@ -184,50 +177,50 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to glibc-2.25. Fixes #4043. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4043">#4043。

    • - [bdubbs] - Revert gperf to version 3.0.4. Fixes #4044. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4044">#4044。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to linux-4.9.8.tar.xz. Fixes #4036. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4036">#4036。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to check-0.11.0. Fixes #4035. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4035">#4035。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to shadow-4.4. Fixes #4037. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4037">#4037。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to e2fsprogs-1.43.4. Fixes #4039. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4039">#4039。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to sed-4.4. Fixes #4041. + [bdubbs] - 更新到 sed-4.4。 修复了 #4041。

    @@ -241,37 +234,37 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to linux-4.9.5.tar.xz. Fixes #4030. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4030">#4030。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to kbd-2.0.4. Fixes #4029. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4029">#4029。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to perl-5.24.1. Fixes #4031. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4031">#4031。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to zlib-1.2.11. Fixes #4032. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4032">#4032。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to util-linux-2.29.1. Fixes #4034. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4034">#4034。

    @@ -285,23 +278,23 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to linux-4.9.1.tar.xz. Fixes #4028. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4028">#4028。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to sed-4.3.tar.xz. Fixes #4025. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4025">#4025。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to gperf-3.1. Fixes #4026. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4026">#4026。

    @@ -315,20 +308,19 @@

    • - [dj] - Update to zlib-1.2.10. Fixes #4023. + [dj] - 更新到 zlib-1.2.10。 修复了 #4023。

    • - [dj] - Update to m4-1.4.18. Fixes #4022. + [dj] - 更新到 m4-1.4.18。 修复了 #4022。

    • - [dj] - Make binutils build against system zlib and enable - plugins for LTO. + [dj] - 在系统 zlib 的基础上构建 binutils 并开启 LTO 的插件。

    @@ -342,16 +334,16 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to flex-2.6.3. Fixes #4020. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4020">#4020。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to xz-5.2.3. Fixes #4021. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4021">#4021。

    @@ -365,51 +357,51 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to gcc-6.3.0. Fixes #4018. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4018">#4018。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to gmp-6.1.2. Fixes #4017. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4017">#4017。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to iproute2-4.9.0. Fixes #4016. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4016">#4016。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to man-pages-4.09. Fixes #4015. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4015">#4015。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to man-db-2.7.6.1. Fixes #4014. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4014">#4014。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to linux-4.9. Fixes #4013. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4013">#4013。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to eudev-3.2.1. Fixes #4013. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4013">#4013。

    @@ -423,8 +415,7 @@

    • - [dj] - Update toolchain sanity checks to use values for - x86_64. + [dj] - 更新工具链完整性检查以使用 x86_64 的值。

    @@ -438,10 +429,7 @@

    • - [dj] - Remove {,/usr}/lib64 symlinks for x86_64 builds. - Add /lib64 directory with symlinks to dynamic loader. - Adjust installation of glibc, gcc, and libcap to account - for directory layout changes. + [dj] - 为 x86_64 的构建移除 {,/usr}/lib64 符号链接。将带有符号链接的 lib64 目录添加到动态加载器。因为目录布局的更改调整 glibc，gcc 和 libcap 的安装。

    @@ -455,23 +443,22 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to linux-4.8.14. Fixes #4012. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4012">#4012。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to grep-2.27. Fixes #4011. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4011">#4011。

    • - [bdubbs] - Add a note about a false Error in texinfo - configure phase in Chapter 5. Fixes #4004. + [bdubbs] - 在第五章 texinfo 的配置中添加关于 false 错误的注释。 修复了 #4004。

    @@ -485,30 +472,28 @@

    • - [dj] - Update to coreutils-8.26. Fixes #4010. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4010">#4010。

      • -
    • +

    • - [dj] - Update to dbus-1.10.14. Fixes #4009. + [dj] - 更新到 dbus-1.10.14。修复了 #4009。

    • - [dj] - Update to linux-4.8.12 and fix recent OOM issue. - Fixes #4008. + [dj] - 更新到 linux-4.8.12 并修复最近的 OOM 问题。修复了 #4008。

    • - [dj] - Update to tzdata-2016j. Fixes #4007. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4007">#4007。

    @@ -522,24 +507,23 @@

    • - [dj] - Update to linux-4.8.10. Fixes #4005. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4005">#4005。

    • - [dj] - Added flex-2.6.2-fixes-1.patch. Fixes #4003. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4003">#4003。

      • -
    • +

    • - [dj] - Fix issue with systemd and sulogin. Fixes - #4006. - Thanks to Eric S. Stone for the report. + [dj] - 修复了 systemd 和 sulogin 的问题。 修复了 #4006。 感谢 Eric S. Stone 的报告。

    @@ -553,16 +537,16 @@

    • - [renodr] - Update to linux-4.8.8. Fixes #4002. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4002">#4002。

      • -
    • +

    • - [renodr] - Update to systemd-232. Fixes #4000. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4000">#4000。

    @@ -576,44 +560,44 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to vim-8.0.069. Fixes #4001. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/4001">#4001。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to tzdata-2016i. Fixes #3999. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3999">#3999。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to file-5.29. Fixes #3998. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3909">#3998。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to flex-2.6.2. Fixes #3997. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3997">#3997。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to linux-4.8.6. Fixes #3996. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3996">#3996。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to util-linux-2.29. Fixes #3987. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3987">#3987。

    @@ -627,13 +611,13 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Clarified the function of /etc/inputrc. + [bdubbs] - 声明了 /etc/inputrc 的功能。

-
  • +

  • 2016-10-27

    @@ -641,23 +625,7 @@

    • - [dj] - Moved /etc/resolv.conf symlink to Chapter 7. -

      -
      • -
    -

    • - -
  • -

    - 2016-10-23 -

    -
    -
      -
    • -

      - [renodr] - Update to dbus-1.10.12. Fixes #3993. + [dj] - 将 /etc/resolv.conf 的符号链接移动到第七章。

    @@ -671,46 +639,42 @@

    • - [ken] - Update to iproute2-4.8.0. Fixes #3992. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3992">#3992。

    • - [ken] - Update to tzdata-2016h. Fixes #3995. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3995">#3995。

    • - [ken] - Update to linux-4.8.3. Fixes #3994. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3994">#3994。

    • -
  • +

  • - 2016-10-10 + 2016-10-22

    • - [renodr] - Added a note about using the systemd source tarball generated by - the LFS systemd team. + [renodr] - 添加了关于使用由 LFS systemd 团队生成的 systemd 压缩包的注释。

    • - [renodr] - Fixed the symlink for /etc/resolv.conf in the - systemd page in Chapter 6. Thanks goes to DJ Lucas and - Wayne for reporting this. + [renodr] - 修复了第六章的 systemd 页面中 /etc/resolv.conf 的符号链接。感谢 DJ Lucas 和 Wayne 的报告。

    @@ -724,43 +688,43 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to linux-4.8.1. Fixes #3983. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3983">#3983。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to mpfr-3.1.5. Fixes #3984. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3984">#3984。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to tzdata-2016g. Fixes #3985. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3985">#3985。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to grep-2.26. Fixes #3988. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3988">#3988。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to man-pages-4.08. Fixes #3991. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3991">#3991。

    • -
  • +

  • 2016-09-29

    @@ -768,9 +732,8 @@

    • - [renodr] - Added a security patch for systemd. Fixes - #3986. + [renodr] - 为 systemd 增加了一个安全补丁。 修复了 #3986。

    @@ -784,23 +747,23 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to bash-4.4. Fixes #3981. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3981">#3981。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to readline-7.0. Fixes #3982. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3982">#3982。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to linux-4.7.4. Fixes #3980. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3980">#3980。

    @@ -814,8 +777,8 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to vim-8.0. Fixes #3979. + [bdubbs] - 更新到 vim-8.0。 修复了 #3979。

    @@ -829,9 +792,9 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to texinfo-6.3. Fixes #3978. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3978">#3978。

    @@ -845,9 +808,9 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to e2fsprogs-1.43.3. Fixes #3977. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3977">#3977。

    @@ -861,30 +824,30 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to gawk-4.1.4. Fixes #3973. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3973">#3973。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to e2fsprogs-1.43.2. Fixes #3974. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3974">#3974。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to linux-4.7.3. Fixes #3975. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3975">#3975。

    • - [bdubbs] - Update to util-linux-2.28.2. Fixes #3976. + "http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/ticket/3976">#3976。

    @@ -898,7 +861,7 @@

    • - [bdubbs] - LFS-7.10 released. + [bdubbs] - LFS-7.10 发布。

    @@ -911,24 +874,24 @@

    • Up + "第一部分 介绍">返回
    • Home + "Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0 ">首页

    • diff --git a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/chapter01.html b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/chapter01.html index 74b4e76..52f7365 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/chapter01.html +++ b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/chapter01.html @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ + "application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> - Chapter 1. Introduction + 第一部分 介绍 @@ -13,61 +13,61 @@ "text/css" media="print" /> - +

    - Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0-systemd + Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

    - Part I. Introduction + 第一部分 介绍

    - 1. Introduction + 1. 介绍

    - Table of Contents + 目录

    @@ -75,25 +75,25 @@

    • Up + "第一部分 介绍">返回
    • Home + "Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0 ">首页
    diff --git a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/how.html b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/how.html index c47c450..be25760 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/how.html +++ b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/how.html @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ + "application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> - 1.1. How to Build an LFS System + 1.1. 如何构建 LFS 系统 @@ -13,174 +13,120 @@ "text/css" media="print" /> - +

    - Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0-systemd + Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

    - Chapter 1. Introduction + 第一章 介绍

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    - 1.1. How to Build an LFS - System + 1.1. 如何构建 LFS 系统

    - The LFS system will be built by using an already installed Linux - distribution (such as Debian, OpenMandriva, Fedora, or openSUSE). - This existing Linux system (the host) will be used as a starting - point to provide necessary programs, including a compiler, linker, - and shell, to build the new system. Select the “development” - option during the distribution installation to be able to access - these tools. + LFS 系统需要使用一个已安装好的 Linux 发行版（例如 Debian、OpenMandriva、Fedora、或 openSUSE）构建。 + 这个已安装好的 Linux 系统（宿主机）将被作为构建的起点，来为新系统提供必要的软件，包括编译器、链接器和 shell。在安装发行版时选择 “development（开发）” + 选项来获取这些工具。

    - As an alternative to installing a separate distribution onto your - machine, you may wish to use a LiveCD from a commercial distribution. + 安装独立发行版到你的机器上的另一个选择，是使用商业发行版的 LiveCD 。

    - Chapter 2 of - this book describes how to create a new Linux native partition and - file system. This is the place where the new LFS system will be - compiled and installed. 第二章描述了如何创建一个新的 Linux 本地分区和文件系统。 这就是编译和安装新 LFS 系统的地方。 Chapter 3 explains - which packages and patches need to be downloaded to build an LFS - system and how to store them on the new file system. 第三章说明了构建 LFS 系统所要下载的软件包和补丁，以及把他们存储在新的文件系统里的方法。Chapter 4 discusses the - setup of an appropriate working environment. Please read Chapter 4 carefully as - it explains several important issues you need be aware of before - beginning to work your way through 第四章讨论了设置合适的工作环境的方法。 在根据Chapter 5 - and beyond. + "第五章 构建基本系统">第五章及以后的章节开始工作前，请仔细阅读第四章，因为这一章介绍了几个需要注意的重要问题。

    Chapter 5 - explains the installation of a number of packages that will form the - basic development suite (or toolchain) which is used to build the - actual system in Chapter - 6. Some of these packages are needed to resolve circular - dependencies—for example, to compile a compiler, you need a - compiler. + "第五章 构建基本系统">第五章讲解了构成基本开发套件（或工具链）所需要的一系列软件包的安装，第六章将使用这个开发套件来构建真正的系统。 其中的部分软件包需要解决循环依赖——比如，要编译一个编译器，你得先有个编译器。

    Chapter 5 - also shows you how to build a first pass of the toolchain, including - Binutils and GCC (first pass basically means these two core packages - will be reinstalled). The next step is to build Glibc, the C library. - Glibc will be compiled by the toolchain programs built in the first - pass. Then, a second pass of the toolchain will be built. This time, - the toolchain will be dynamically linked against the newly built - Glibc. The remaining 第五章还向你展示了构建第一遍工具链的方法，包括 Binutils 和 GCC（第一遍基本就是重新安装这两个核心软件包）。 下一步就是构建 Glibc， 也就是 C 语言库。 + Glibc 将被第一遍工具链编译。然后第二遍工具链就编译好了。这次，工具链就被动态连接到了新构建的 Glibc 。Chapter 5 - packages are built using this second pass toolchain. When this is - done, the LFS installation process will no longer depend on the host - distribution, with the exception of the running kernel. + "第五章 构建基本系统">第五章中剩余的软件包将被第二遍工具链编译。这完成了之后，除了正在运行的内核， LFS 安装过程将不再依赖宿主发行版。

    - This effort to isolate the new system from the host distribution may - seem excessive. A full technical explanation as to why this is done - is provided in Section 5.2, - “Toolchain Technical Notes”. + "5.2节 工具链技术备注">5.2. “工具链技术备注”。

    - In Chapter - 6, the full LFS system is built. The chroot (change root) program is - used to enter a virtual environment and start a new shell whose root - directory will be set to the LFS partition. This is very similar to - rebooting and instructing the kernel to mount the LFS partition as - the root partition. The system does not actually reboot, but instead - uses chroot because - creating a bootable system requires additional work which is not - necessary just yet. The major advantage is that “chrooting” - allows you to continue using the host system while LFS is being - built. While waiting for package compilations to complete, you can - continue using your computer as normal. + 到了第六章，完整的 LFS 系统就构建完成了。使用 chroot （change root 更改根目录）程序进入一个虚拟环境并创建一个新的 shell，这个 shell 的根目录将被设置在 LFS 分区。 这和重启并让内核把 LFS 分区挂载到根目录很像，但这时系统并没有真正重启，而是使用 chroot 因为创建一个可启动的系统还需要额外的工作，这些工作目前并不必要。这样做最大的好处就是 chroot 运行时允许你构建 LFS 的同时继续使用宿主系统。在等待软件包编译的过程中，你可以像平常那样使用你的计算机。

    - To finish the installation, the basic system configuration is set up - in Chapter 7, and the - kernel and boot loader are set up in 第七章中将进行基本的系统配置，Chapter 8. - Chapter 9 contains information on - continuing the LFS experience beyond this book. After the steps in - this book have been implemented, the computer will be ready to reboot - into the new LFS system. + "第八章 使 LFS 系统可引导">第八章中将配置内核和启动引导。第九章包含了此书完结后要继续使用 LFS 的一些建议。在本书中的步骤实施之后，计算机就准备好重启进入新的 LFS 系统了。

    - This is the process in a nutshell. Detailed information on each step - is discussed in the following chapters and package descriptions. - Items that may seem complicated will be clarified, and everything - will fall into place as you embark on the LFS adventure. + 这就是大致的流程。每一步的详细信息都会在以后的章节和软件包描述里讨论。一旦你开始着手 LFS 探险，一切貌似复杂的东西都会变得清晰明朗、有条不紊。

    • Up + "第一章 介绍">返回
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    diff --git a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/resources.html b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/resources.html index a5f3bf7..26edb3b 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/resources.html +++ b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/resources.html @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ + "application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> - 1.4. Resources + 1.4. 资源 @@ -13,71 +13,62 @@ "text/css" media="print" /> - +

    - Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0-systemd + Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

    - Chapter 1. Introduction + 第一部分 介绍

    • Up + "第一部分 介绍">返回
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    1.4. - Resources + 资源

    1.4.1. FAQ

    - If during the building of the LFS system you encounter any errors, - have any questions, or think there is a typo in the book, please - start by consulting the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) that is - located at http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/faq/. + 若在构建 LFS 系统的过程中遇见任何错误、有任何问题或认为本书中存在拼写错误，请先查阅此处 http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/faq/的 FAQ 列表。

    1.4.2. - Mailing Lists + 邮件列表

    - The linuxfromscratch.org server hosts a - number of mailing lists used for the development of the LFS - project. These lists include the main development and support - lists, among others. If the FAQ does not solve the problem you are - having, the next step would be to search the mailing lists at - http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/search.html. + 在 linuxfromscratch.org 服务器部署了一些用于 LFS 开发项目的邮件列表。这些列表包含了主要的开发和支持列表等等。如果 FAQ 没用解决你的问题，下一步请在 http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/search.html上搜索邮件列表。

    - For information on the different lists, how to subscribe, archive - locations, and additional information, visit http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/mail.html.

    @@ -86,59 +77,51 @@

    1.4.3. IRC

    - Several members of the LFS community offer assistance on Internet - Relay Chat (IRC). Before using this support, please make sure that - your question is not already answered in the LFS FAQ or the mailing - list archives. You can find the IRC network at irc.freenode.net. The support channel is named - #LFS-support. + 一些 LFS 社区的成员会在网络即时聊天（IRC）中提供帮助。使用这类支持之前，请确保你的问题在 LFS FAQ 或邮件列表中没有被解答。你可以在 irc.freenode.net上找到这个即时聊天，频道是 #LFS-support。

    - 1.4.4. Mirror - Sites + 1.4.4. 镜像站点

    - The LFS project has a number of world-wide mirrors to make - accessing the website and downloading the required packages more - convenient. Please visit the LFS website at http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/mirrors.html - for a list of current mirrors. + 获取最新的镜像列表。

    1.4.5. - Contact Information + 联系方式

    - Please direct all your questions and comments to one of the LFS - mailing lists (see above). + 请提出问题后直接发往以上邮件列表之一。

    diff --git a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/whatsnew.html b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/whatsnew.html index 0aaa503..d52c59e 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/whatsnew.html +++ b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter01/whatsnew.html @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ + "application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> - 1.2. What's new since the last release + 1.2. 上次发布以来的更新 @@ -13,50 +13,48 @@ "text/css" media="print" /> - +

    - Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0-systemd + Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

    - Chapter 1. Introduction + 第一部分 介绍

    - 1.2. What's - new since the last release + 1.2. 上次发布以来的更新

    - Below is a list of package updates made since the previous release of - the book. + 以下是上次发布以来的软件包更新列表。

    - Upgraded to: + 升级至：

    - Added: + 新增：

    - Removed: + 移除：

    diff --git a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/aboutdebug.html b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/aboutdebug.html index 9cde8b0..ef5b9d2 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/aboutdebug.html +++ b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/aboutdebug.html @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ + "application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> - 6.70. About Debugging Symbols + 6.71. 关于调试标志 @@ -13,119 +13,106 @@ "text/css" media="print" /> - +

    - Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0-systemd + Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

    - Chapter 6. Installing Basic System Software + 第六章 安装基本系统软件

    - 6.70. - About Debugging Symbols + 6.71. + 关于调试标志

    - Most programs and libraries are, by default, compiled with debugging - symbols included (with gcc's -g option). This means that when - debugging a program or library that was compiled with debugging - information included, the debugger can provide not only memory - addresses, but also the names of the routines and variables. + 大部分软件和库默认是带调试选项编译的（像 gcc 的 -g 选项）。这意味着调试带有调试信息的程序或库时，调试器不仅可以给出内存地址，还能显示程序和变量的名称。

    - However, the inclusion of these debugging symbols enlarges a program - or library significantly. The following is an example of the amount - of space these symbols occupy: + 但是包含这些调试标志编译会显著增加程序或库的体积。下面的例子显示了这些调试标志有多占空间：

    • - A bash binary - with debugging symbols: 1200 KB + 含调试符号编译的 bash 二进制文件： 1200 KB

    • - A bash binary - without debugging symbols: 480 KB + 不含调试符号编译的 bash 二进制文件： 480 KB

    • - Glibc and GCC files (/lib and - /usr/lib) with debugging symbols: + 含调试符号编译的 Glibc 和 GCC (/lib and + /usr/lib) 二进制文件： 87 MB

    • - Glibc and GCC files without debugging symbols: 16 MB + 不含调试符号编译的 Glibc 和 GCC 二进制文件： 16 MB

    - Sizes may vary depending on which compiler and C library were used, - but when comparing programs with and without debugging symbols, the - difference will usually be a factor between two and five. + 程序大小或许取决于所使用的编译器和库，但带调试标志编译通常比不带调试标志编译出的程序大二到五倍。

    - Because most users will never use a debugger on their system - software, a lot of disk space can be regained by removing these - symbols. The next section shows how to strip all debugging symbols - from the programs and libraries. + 由于大部分用户永远不会用到他们系统软件的调试器，我们可以通过去除调试标志来节省磁盘空间。下一部分将会展示如何清除所有程序和库的调试标志。

    diff --git a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/man-db.html b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/man-db.html index aaaa236..462ec11 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/man-db.html +++ b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/man-db.html @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ + "application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> - 6.66. Man-DB-2.7.6.1 + 6.67. Man-DB-2.7.6.1 @@ -13,56 +13,55 @@ "text/css" media="print" /> - +

    - Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0-systemd + Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

    - Chapter 6. Installing Basic System Software + 第六章 安装基本系统软件

    - 6.66. + 6.67. Man-DB-2.7.6.1

    - The Man-DB package contains programs for finding and viewing man - pages. + Man-DB 软件包包含用于查找和浏览 man 页面的程序。

    - Approximate build time: + 构建约需时间： 0.4 SBU
    - Required disk space: + 需要磁盘空间： 30 MB
    @@ -70,10 +69,10 @@

    - 6.66.1. Installation of Man-DB + 6.67.1. 安装 Man-DB

    - Prepare Man-DB for compilation: + 准备编译 Man-DB： 

     ./configure --prefix=/usr                        \
@@ -83,11 +82,12 @@ 
    
             --enable-cache-owner=bin             \
             --with-browser=/usr/bin/lynx         \
             --with-vgrind=/usr/bin/vgrind        \
-            --with-grap=/usr/bin/grap
+            --with-grap=/usr/bin/grap            \
+            --with-systemdtmpfilesdir=

    - The meaning of the configure options: + 配置选项的含义：

    @@ -96,9 +96,8 @@

    - This disables making the man program setuid to user - man. + 为 man 用户禁止 man 程序调用 setuid 。

    @@ -107,7 +106,7 @@

    - This makes the system-wide cache files be owned by user bin. + 改变系统缓存文件拥有者为用户 bin 。

    @@ -116,65 +115,47 @@

    - These three parameters are used to set some default programs. - lynx is a - text-based web browser (see BLFS for installation - instructions), vgrind converts program - sources to Groff input, and grap is useful for - typesetting graphs in Groff documents. The vgrind and grap programs are not - normally needed for viewing manual pages. They are not part - of LFS or BLFS, but you should be able to install them - yourself after finishing LFS if you wish to do so. + 这三个参数用来设置一些默认程序。 + lynx 是一个基于文本的网络的网页浏览器（见 BLFS 安装指引），vgrind 将程序源码转化为 Groff 输入，grap 在 Groff 文档排版图时非常有用。vgrind 和 grap 程序在浏览手册时通常不需要。它们通常不是 LFS 和 BFLS 的一部分，如果你需要的话可以在安装完 LFS 后自行安装。

    - Compile the package: + 编译软件包： 

     make

    - To test the results, issue: + 测试结果： 

     make check

    - Install the package: + 安装软件包： 

     make install
-
    -

    - Remove a reference to a non-existent user: -

    - 
    -sed -i "s:man man:root root:g" /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/man-db.conf
    -
    +

    - 6.66.2. Non-English Manual Pages in LFS + 6.67.2. LFS 中的非英语手册

    - The following table shows the character set that Man-DB assumes - manual pages installed under /usr/share/man/<ll> will be encoded with. - In addition to this, Man-DB correctly determines if manual pages - installed in that directory are UTF-8 encoded. + 下面的表格假定 Man-DB 手册页安装到 /usr/share/man/<ll> 的编码。除此之外，Man-DB 能检测安装到此目录下的手册是不是 utf-8 编码。

    - +

    - Table 6.1. Expected character encoding of - legacy 8-bit manual pages + 表 6.1. 手册的传统 8 位字符编码

    @@ -518,39 +499,38 @@

    [Note]

    - Note + 注意

    - Manual pages in languages not in the list are not supported. + 手册不支持不在此列表中的语言。

    - 6.66.3. Contents - of Man-DB + 6.67.3. Man-DB 内容

    - Installed programs: - accessdb, apropos (link to whatis), + 安装的程序： + accessdb, apropos (链接到 whatis), catman, lexgrog, man, mandb, manpath, and whatis
    - Installed libraries: + 安装的库： libman.so and libmandb.so
    - Installed directories: + 安装目录： /usr/lib/man-db, /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d, - /usr/libexec/man-db, and /usr/share/doc/man-db-2.7.6.1 + /usr/libexec/man-db, 和 /usr/share/doc/man-db-2.7.6.1

    - Short Descriptions + 简要描述

    - Language (code) + 语言 (代码) - Encoding + 编码 - Language (code) + 语言 (代码) - Encoding + 编码
    @@ -568,9 +548,8 @@

    @@ -584,10 +563,8 @@

    @@ -601,7 +578,7 @@

    @@ -615,8 +592,7 @@

    @@ -629,7 +605,7 @@

    @@ -643,8 +619,8 @@

    @@ -658,9 +634,7 @@

    @@ -674,10 +648,8 @@

    @@ -690,8 +662,8 @@

    @@ -704,8 +676,8 @@

    @@ -718,24 +690,24 @@

    • Up + "第六章 安装基本系统软件">返回
    • Home + "Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0 ">首页
    diff --git a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/revisedchroot.html b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/revisedchroot.html index 1803ed1..1061ebe 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/revisedchroot.html +++ b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/revisedchroot.html @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ + "application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> - 6.72. Cleaning Up + 6.73. 清理 @@ -13,53 +13,52 @@ "text/css" media="print" /> - +

    - Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0-systemd + Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

    - Chapter 6. Installing Basic System Software + 第六章 安装基本系统软件

    • Up + "第六章 安装基本系统软件 ">返回
    • Home + "Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0 ">首页

    6.72. Cleaning Up + "ch-system-revisedchroot">6.73. 清除

    - Finally, clean up some extra files left around from running tests: + 最后，清除运行测试产生的额外文件： 

     rm -rf /tmp/*

    - From now on, when reentering the chroot environment after exiting, - use the following modified chroot command: + 从现在开始，当退出后重新进入 chroot 环境时，使用以下修改过的 chroot 命令： 

     chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i              \
@@ -68,41 +67,30 @@ 
    
     /bin/bash --login

    - The reason for this is that the programs in /tools are no longer needed. Since they are no - longer needed you can delete the /tools - directory if so desired. + 这样做的原因是不再需要 /tools 目录下的软件了。既然不需要它们你可以如愿删除 /tools 目录。

    [Note]

    - Note + 注意

    - Removing /tools will also remove the - temporary copies of Tcl, Expect, and DejaGNU which were used for - running the toolchain tests. If you need these programs later on, - they will need to be recompiled and re-installed. The BLFS book has - instructions for this (see http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/). + 删除 /tools 目录也会移除 Tcl, Expect, 和 DejaGNU 的临时拷贝，这些拷贝是用来运行工具链测试的。如果你稍后需要这些程序，就需要重新编译安装它们。 BLFS 手册有关于此的说明（见 http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/）。

    - If the virtual kernel file systems have been unmounted, either - manually or through a reboot, ensure that the virtual kernel file - systems are mounted when reentering the chroot. This process was - explained in Section 6.2.2, - “Mounting and Populating /dev” and 第 6.2.2节， + “挂载和填充 /dev ” 和 Section 6.2.3, - “Mounting Virtual Kernel File Systems”. + "6.2.3. 挂载虚拟内核文件系统">第 6.2.3节， + “挂载虚拟内核文件系统”中给出了解释。

    - Finally, there were several static libraries that were not suppressed - earlier in the chapter in order to satisfy the regression tests in - several packages. These libraries are from binutils, bzip2, - e2fsprogs, flex, libtool, and zlib. If desired, remove them now: + 最后，为了满足几个软件包中的回归测试，本章中有几个静态库未被清除。这些库来自 binutils, bzip2, + e2fsprogs, flex, libtool, and zlib。需要的话可以现在移除： 

     rm -f /usr/lib/lib{bfd,opcodes}.a
@@ -118,25 +106,25 @@ 
    
       
      
         
         
         
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    diff --git a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/strippingagain.html b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/strippingagain.html index 7794db9..e657913 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/strippingagain.html +++ b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/strippingagain.html @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ + "application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> - 6.71. Stripping Again + 6.72. 再次清理 @@ -13,72 +13,61 @@ "text/css" media="print" /> - +

    - Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0-systemd + Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

    - Chapter 6. Installing Basic System Software + 第六章 安装基本系统软件

    • Up + "第六章 安装基本系统软件">返回
    • Home + "Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0 ">首页

    6.71. Stripping Again + "ch-system-strippingagain">6.72. 再次清理

    - If the intended user is not a programmer and does not plan to do any - debugging on the system software, the system size can be decreased by - about 90 MB by removing the debugging symbols from binaries and - libraries. This causes no inconvenience other than not being able to - debug the software fully anymore. + 如果目标客户不是程序员或不会对系统软件做任何调试，则可以通过移除二进制文件和库的调试标志来减少大约 90MB 的系统空间。除了无法完全调试软件之外，这不会造成任何不便。

    - Most people who use the command mentioned below do not experience any - difficulties. However, it is easy to make a typo and render the new - system unusable, so before running the strip command, it is a good idea to - make a backup of the LFS system in its current state. + 大部分使用下面提及的命令的人不会遇到任何困难。但这很容易出现打字错误导致新系统不可用，所以在运行 strip 命令前，为目前的 LFS 系统做一个备份是个好主意。

    - Before performing the stripping, take special care to ensure that - none of the binaries that are about to be stripped are running. If - unsure whether the user entered chroot with the command given in - Section 6.4, - “Entering the Chroot Environment,” first exit from - chroot: + 在执行清理之前，请特别注意需要清理的二进制文件没有在运行。如果不确定用户是否通过第 6.4 节 + “进入 Chroot 环境” 给出的命令进入了 chroot ，请先退出 chroot： 

     logout

    - Then reenter it with: + 然后通过以下命令重新进入： 

     chroot $LFS /tools/bin/env -i            \
@@ -87,7 +76,7 @@ 
    
     /tools/bin/bash --login

    - Now the binaries and libraries can be safely stripped: + 现在二进制文件和库可以被安全清理： 

     /tools/bin/find /usr/lib -type f -name \*.a \
@@ -100,34 +89,32 @@ 
    
     -exec /tools/bin/strip --strip-all {} ';'

    - A large number of files will be reported as having their file format - not recognized. These warnings can be safely ignored. These warnings - indicate that those files are scripts instead of binaries. + 大量文件会被报告它们的文件格式不能被识别。可以安全地忽略这些警告。这些警告指出这些文件是脚本而不是二进制文件。

    • Up + "第六章 安装基本系统软件 ">返回
    • Home + "Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0 ">首页
    diff --git a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/tar.html b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/tar.html index 9a7cc5f..2f25a9a 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/tar.html +++ b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/tar.html @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ + "application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> - 6.67. Tar-1.29 + 6.68. Tar-1.29 @@ -13,53 +13,53 @@ "text/css" media="print" /> - +

    - Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0-systemd + Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

    - Chapter 6. Installing Basic System Software + 第六章 安装基本系统软件

    • Up + "第六章 安装基本系统软件">返回
    • Home + "Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0 ">首页

    - 6.67. Tar-1.29 + 6.68. Tar-1.29

    - The Tar package contains an archiving program. + Tar 软件包包含一个归档程序。

    - Approximate build time: + 构建约需时间： 3.2 SBU
    - Required disk space: + 需要磁盘空间： 40 MB
    @@ -67,10 +67,10 @@

    - 6.67.1. Installation of Tar + 6.68.1. 安装 Tar

    - Prepare Tar for compilation: + 准备编译 Tar： 

     FORCE_UNSAFE_CONFIGURE=1  \
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@

    - The meaning of the configure options: + 配置选项的含义：

    @@ -88,29 +88,26 @@

    - This forces the test for mknod - to be run as root. It is generally considered dangerous to - run this test as the root user, but as it is being run on a - system that has only been partially built, overriding it is - OK. + 强制以 root 用户运行 mknod + 测试。通常认为以 root 用户运行这个测试是危险的，但是在未构建完的系统上这样做是可以的。

    - Compile the package: + 编译软件包： 

     make

    - To test the results (about 1 SBU), issue: + 用以下命令测试结果（约 1 SBU）： 

     make check

    - Install the package: + 安装软件包： 

     make install
@@ -119,24 +116,23 @@

    - 6.67.2. Contents of - Tar + 6.68.2. Tar 的内容

    - Installed programs: + 安装的程序： tar
    - Installed directory: + 安装目录： /usr/share/doc/tar-1.29

    - Short Descriptions + 简要描述

    - Dumps the whatis database - contents in human-readable form + 将 whatis 数据库中的内容转储为可阅读格式

    - Searches the whatis database and - displays the short descriptions of system commands that - contain a given string + 搜索 whatis 数据库并显示含所查找字符串的系统命令的简述

    - Creates or updates the pre-formatted manual pages + 创建或更新预格式化的手册页

    - Displays one-line summary information about a given - manual page + 显示所提供的手册页的一行概要

    - Formats and displays the requested manual page + 格式化显示请求的手册页

    - Creates or updates the whatis database + 创建或更新 whatis 数据库

    - Displays the contents of $MANPATH or (if $MANPATH is not - set) a suitable search path based on the settings in - man.conf and the user's environment + 显示 $MANPATH 或（如果未设置 $MANPATH）基于用户环境中 man.conf 中的合适的搜索路径的内容

    - Searches the whatis database and - displays the short descriptions of system commands that - contain the given keyword as a separate word + 搜索 whatis 数据库并显示含所查找独立关键词的系统命令的简述

    - Contains run-time support for man + 包含 man命令的运行时支持

    - Contains run-time support for man + 包含 man命令的运行时支持

    @@ -153,8 +149,7 @@

    @@ -166,24 +161,24 @@

    • Up + "第六章 安装基本系统软件">返回
    • Home + "Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0 ">首页
    diff --git a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/texinfo.html b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/texinfo.html index cb700c2..9db41d6 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/texinfo.html +++ b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/texinfo.html @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ + "application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> - 6.68. Texinfo-6.3 + 6.69. Texinfo-6.3 @@ -13,55 +13,54 @@ "text/css" media="print" /> - +

    - Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0-systemd + Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

    - Chapter 6. Installing Basic System Software + 第六章 安装基本系统软件

    - 6.68. + 6.69. Texinfo-6.3

    - The Texinfo package contains programs for reading, writing, and - converting info pages. + Texinfo 软件包包含阅读、撰写、转换信息页的程序。

    - Approximate build time: + 构建约需时间： 0.5 SBU
    - Required disk space: + 需要磁盘空间： 108 MB
    @@ -69,17 +68,17 @@

    - 6.68.1. Installation of Texinfo + 6.69.1. 安装 Texinfo

    - Prepare Texinfo for compilation: + 准备编译 Texinfo： 

     ./configure --prefix=/usr --disable-static

    - The meaning of the configure options: + 配置选项的含义：

    @@ -88,43 +87,40 @@

    - In this case, the top-level configure script will complain - that this is an unrecognized option, but the configure script - for XSParagraph recognizes it and uses it to disable - installing a static XSParagraph.a to /usr/lib/texinfo. + 在此情况下，顶级配置脚本不能识别这个选项，但是 XSParagraph 的脚本能识别此选项，并屏蔽安装静态 XSParagraph.a 到 /usr/lib/texinfo目录。

    - Compile the package: + 编译软件包： 

     make

    - To test the results, issue: + 用以下命令测试结果： 

     make check

    - Install the package: + 安装软件包： 

     make install

    - Optionally, install the components belonging in a TeX installation: + 可选地，安装从属于 TeX 安装的组件： 

     make TEXMF=/usr/share/texmf install-tex

    - The meaning of the make parameter: + make 指令参数的含义：

    @@ -133,22 +129,14 @@

    - The TEXMF makefile variable holds - the location of the root of the TeX tree if, for example, a - TeX package will be installed later. + TEXMF 生成文件变量保存了 TeX 程序要被安装到的目标目录。

    - The Info documentation system uses a plain text file to hold its - list of menu entries. The file is located at /usr/share/info/dir. Unfortunately, due to - occasional problems in the Makefiles of various packages, it can - sometimes get out of sync with the info pages installed on the - system. If the /usr/share/info/dir - file ever needs to be recreated, the following optional commands - will accomplish the task: + Info 文档系统使用纯文本文档来记录其菜单条目。此文件在 /usr/share/info/dir 。不幸的是，由于有的软件包的 Makefile 的问题，此目录有时不能与系统已安装的信息页同步。如果不需要重建 /usr/share/info/dir 文件，下面的可选命令将完成这个任务： 

     pushd /usr/share/info
@@ -161,23 +149,23 @@

    - 6.68.2. - Contents of Texinfo + 6.69.2. + Texinfo 的内容

    - Installed programs: + 安装的程序： info, install-info, makeinfo (link to texi2any), pdftexi2dvi, pod2texi, texi2any, texi2dvi, texi2pdf, and texindex
    - Installed library: + 安装的库： XSParagraph.so
    - Installed directories: + 安装目录： /usr/share/texinfo and /usr/lib/texinfo
    @@ -185,7 +173,7 @@

    - Short Descriptions + 简要描述

    - Creates, extracts files from, and lists the contents of - archives, also known as tarballs + 创建，解压，显示归档文件内容，归档文件也被称为 tar 包。

    @@ -203,12 +191,9 @@

    @@ -222,9 +207,8 @@

    @@ -238,8 +222,7 @@

    @@ -253,8 +236,7 @@

    @@ -268,7 +250,7 @@

    @@ -282,8 +264,7 @@

    @@ -297,8 +278,7 @@

    @@ -312,8 +292,7 @@

    @@ -327,7 +306,7 @@

    @@ -339,24 +318,24 @@

    diff --git a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/vim.html b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/vim.html index c6dd930..0a42529 100644 --- a/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/vim.html +++ b/lfs-8.0-systemd/chapter06/vim.html @@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ + "application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" /> - 6.69. Vim-8.0.069 + 6.70. Vim-8.0.069 @@ -13,54 +13,54 @@ "text/css" media="print" /> - +

    - Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0-systemd + Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0

    - Chapter 6. Installing Basic System Software + 第六章 安装基本系统软件

    • Up + "Chapter 6. Installing Basic System Software">返回
    • Home + "Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0 ">首页

    - 6.69. Vim-8.0.069 + 6.70. Vim-8.0.069

    - The Vim package contains a powerful text editor. + Vim 软件包包含一个强大的编辑器。

    - Approximate build time: + 构建约需时间： 1.3 SBU
    - Required disk space: + 需要磁盘空间： 141 MB
    @@ -68,69 +68,61 @@

    [Tip]

    - Alternatives to Vim + Vim 的替代品

    - If you prefer another editor—such as Emacs, Joe, or - Nano—please refer to http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/8.0/postlfs/editors.html - for suggested installation instructions. + 网页以获得建议的安装指导。

    - 6.69.1. Installation of Vim + 6.70.1. 安装 Vim

    - First, change the default location of the vimrc configuration file to /etc: + 首先，将 vimrc 配置文件的默认位置更改至 /etc： 

     echo '#define SYS_VIMRC_FILE "/etc/vimrc"' >> src/feature.h

    - Prepare Vim for compilation: + 准备编译 Vim： 

     ./configure --prefix=/usr

    - Compile the package: + 编译软件包： 

     make

    - To test the results, issue: + 用以下命令测试结果： 

     make -j1 test

    - However, this test suite outputs a lot of binary data to the - screen, which can cause issues with the settings of the current - terminal. This can be resolved by redirecting the output to a log - file. A successful test will result in the words "ALL DONE" at - completion. + 但这会在屏幕上输出大量二进制数据，这会导致目前终端的设置出现一些问题。可以通过重定向输出到一个日志文件来解决这个问题。测试成功的话会在编译时出现 "ALL DONE" 的结果。

    - Install the package: + 安装软件包： 

     make install

    - Many users are used to using vi instead of vim. To allow execution of - vim when users - habitually enter vi, - create a symlink for both the binary and the man page in the - provided languages: + 很多用户习惯使用 vi 而不是 vim。为了允许用户习惯性输入 vi 执行 vim ，为二进制文件和所提供语言的手册页创建一个符号链接： 

     ln -sv vim /usr/bin/vi
@@ -139,43 +131,29 @@ 
    
 done

    - By default, Vim's documentation is installed in /usr/share/vim. The following symlink allows the - documentation to be accessed via /usr/share/doc/vim-8.0.069, making it consistent - with the location of documentation for other packages: + Vim 的文档默认安装在 /usr/share/vim。下面的符号链接允许通过/usr/share/doc/vim-8.0.069访问文档，使其与其他软件包的文档路径保持一致： 

     ln -sv ../vim/vim80/doc /usr/share/doc/vim-8.0.069

    - If an X Window System is going to be installed on the LFS system, - it may be necessary to recompile Vim after installing X. Vim comes - with a GUI version of the editor that requires X and some - additional libraries to be installed. For more information on this - process, refer to the Vim documentation and the Vim installation - page in the BLFS book at http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/8.0/postlfs/vim.html. + 如果要在 LFS 系统上安装 X Window ，就有必要在安装完 X 之后重新编译 Vim 。含 GUI 的 Vim 版本需要 X 和一些额外安装的库。关于这一步骤的更多信息，查阅 Vim 文档和 BLFS 手册中的 Vim 安装页 http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/8.0/postlfs/vim.html。

    - 6.69.2. Configuring Vim + 6.70.2. 配置 Vim

    - By default, vim runs - in vi-incompatible mode. This may be new to users who have used - other editors in the past. The vim 默认在 vi-incompatible （不兼容）模式下运行。使用过其他编辑器的用户可能不熟悉。使用在下面给出的 “nocompatible” setting is included below - to highlight the fact that a new behavior is being used. It also - reminds those who would change to “compatible” - mode that it should be the first setting in the configuration file. - This is necessary because it changes other settings, and overrides - must come after this setting. Create a default vim configuration file by running - the following: + "quote">nocompatible” 设置来高亮所使用的新特性。这也提醒那些想切换到 “compatible（兼容）” 模式的用户，这应该是配置文件中要更改的第一个设置。 + 这很重要，因为这个设置会更改其他设置，并且覆写应在此设置之后。通过运行以下命令创建默认的 vim 配置文件： 

     cat > /etc/vimrc << "EOF"
@@ -194,29 +172,14 @@ 
    
 EOF

    - The set nocompatible - setting makes vim - behave in a more useful way (the default) than the vi-compatible - manner. Remove the “no” to keep the old vi behavior. The set backspace=2 setting allows - backspacing over line breaks, autoindents, and the start of insert. - The syntax on parameter - enables vim's syntax highlighting. The set mouse=r setting enables proper - pasting of text with the mouse when working in chroot or over a - remote connection. Finally, the if statement with the set background=dark setting corrects - vim's guess about the - background color of some terminal emulators. This gives the - highlighting a better color scheme for use on the black background - of these programs. -

    + set nocompatible 设置使 vim 比 vi 兼容模式更有用。移除 “no” 来保留 vi 模式。 set backspace=2 设置允许在换行符，自动缩进和插入前退格。syntax on 参数能开启 vim 的语法高亮。set mouse=r 设置使 chroot 或通过远程连接工作时，可以使用鼠标粘贴文本。最后， if 语句和 set background=dark 设置修正 vim 对某些终端模拟器的背景色的估算。

    - Documentation for other available options can be obtained by - running the following command: + 其它选项的文档可以通过运行以下命令得到： 

     vim -c ':options'
@@ -224,54 +187,47 @@ 
    
         
    
           [Note]
           
    
-            Note
+            注意
           
    
           
    
-            By default, Vim only installs spell files for the English
-            language. To install spell files for your preferred language,
-            download the *.spl and optionally,
-            the *.sug files for your language
-            and character encoding from ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/spell/
-            and save them to /usr/share/vim/vim80/spell/.
+            Vim 默认仅安装英语的拼写文件。若要安装你所要语言拼写，从 ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/spell/ 下载所需的语言和字符编码 *.spl 文件，可选下载 *.sug 文件并保存到 /usr/share/vim/vim80/spell/。
           
    
           
    
-            To use these spell files, some configuration in /etc/vimrc is needed, e.g.:
+            若要使用这些拼写文件，需要对 /etc/vimrc 进行一些配置，例如：
           
    
           
     set spelllang=en,ru
 set spell
 
    
           
    
-            For more information, see the appropriate README file located at
-            the URL above.
+            需要更多信息，请在上方网址查阅合适的 README 文件。

    - 6.69.3. Contents of - Vim + 6.70.3. Vim 的内容

    - Installed programs: + 安装的程序： ex (link to vim), rview (link to vim), rvim (link to vim), vi (link to vim), view (link to vim), vim, vimdiff (link to vim), vimtutor, and xxd
    - Installed directory: + 安装目录： /usr/share/vim

    - Short Descriptions + 简要描述

    - Used to read info pages which are similar to man pages, - but often go much deeper than just explaining all the - available command line options [For example, compare - man bison - and info - bison.] + 读取和 man 页面相似的信息页，但通常比仅解释所有可用的命令行选项更加深入 [ 例如，比较 man bison + 和 info + bison。]

    - Used to install info pages; it updates entries in the - info index - file + 安装 info 页面；它会更新条目到 + info 索引

    - Translates the given Texinfo source documents into info - pages, plain text, or HTML + 将所给的 Texinfo 源文档转换为 info 页面，纯文本，或 HTML

    - Used to format the given Texinfo document into a Portable - Document Format (PDF) file + 将所给的 Texinfo 源文档转换为 PDF 文件

    - Converts Pod to Texinfo format + 将 Pod 转换为 Texinfo 格式

    - Translate Texinfo source documentation to various other - formats + 将所给的 Texinfo 源文档转换为其他格式

    - Used to format the given Texinfo document into a - device-independent file that can be printed + 将所给的 Texinfo 源文档转换为可打印的 div 格式

    - Used to format the given Texinfo document into a Portable - Document Format (PDF) file + 将所给的 Texinfo 源文档转换为 PDF 文件

    - Used to sort Texinfo index files + 排序 Texinfo 索引文件

    @@ -288,8 +244,7 @@

    @@ -303,11 +258,9 @@

    @@ -321,10 +274,9 @@

    @@ -337,7 +289,7 @@

    @@ -351,8 +303,7 @@

    @@ -365,7 +316,7 @@

    @@ -379,9 +330,8 @@

    @@ -395,8 +345,8 @@

    @@ -409,8 +359,7 @@

    @@ -422,25 +371,25 @@

    • Up + "第六章 安装基本系统软件">返回
    • Home + "Linux From Scratch - Version 8.0 ">首页

    - Starts vim - in ex mode + 以 ex 模式启动 vim

    - Is a restricted version of view; no shell commands - can be started and view cannot be - suspended + view 参的限制版；不能启动 shell 命令并且 view 不能被暂停

    - Is a restricted version of vim; no shell commands - can be started and vim cannot be suspended + view 参的限制版；不能启动 shell 命令并且 view 不能被暂停

    - Link to vim + 链接到 vim

    - Starts vim - in read-only mode + 以只读方式启动 vim

    - Is the editor + 编辑器本体

    - Edits two or three versions of a file with vim and show - differences + 使用 vim 编辑一份文件的两三个版本并显示不同

    - Teaches the basic keys and commands of vim + 教授 vim 的基本按键和命令

    - Creates a hex dump of the given file; it can also do the - reverse, so it can be used for binary patching + 创建给定文件的十六进制转储；也可以进行还原操作，所以可以被用作二进制文件补丁