diff --git a/articles/virtual-machines/.openpublishing.redirection.virtual-machines.json b/articles/virtual-machines/.openpublishing.redirection.virtual-machines.json index 56e0aa8d7e..44f65bae32 100644 --- a/articles/virtual-machines/.openpublishing.redirection.virtual-machines.json +++ b/articles/virtual-machines/.openpublishing.redirection.virtual-machines.json @@ -2670,6 +2670,11 @@ "redirect_url": "/azure/virtual-machines/vm-usage", "redirect_document_id": false }, + { + "source_path_from_root": "/articles/virtual-machines/windows/expand-os-disk.md", + "redirect_url": "/azure/virtual-machines/windows/expand-disks", + "redirect_document_id": true + }, { "source_path_from_root": "/articles/virtual-machines/windows/create-managed-disk-ps.md", "redirect_url": "/azure/virtual-machines/windows/attach-disk-ps", diff --git a/articles/virtual-machines/TOC.yml b/articles/virtual-machines/TOC.yml index e71346b007..cb0b8b46a9 100644 --- a/articles/virtual-machines/TOC.yml +++ b/articles/virtual-machines/TOC.yml @@ -1799,7 +1799,7 @@ href: ./linux/expand-disks.md - name: Windows displayName: Expand a disk - Windows - href: ./windows/expand-os-disk.md + href: ./windows/expand-disks.md - name: Unmanaged disks href: expand-unmanaged-disks.md - name: Architecture diff --git a/articles/virtual-machines/windows/expand-os-disk.md b/articles/virtual-machines/windows/expand-disks.md similarity index 98% rename from articles/virtual-machines/windows/expand-os-disk.md rename to articles/virtual-machines/windows/expand-disks.md index 1b2461bbd9..3dc9fb493b 100644 --- a/articles/virtual-machines/windows/expand-os-disk.md +++ b/articles/virtual-machines/windows/expand-disks.md @@ -1,184 +1,184 @@ ---- -title: Expand virtual hard disks attached to a Windows VM in an Azure -description: Expand the size of the virtual hard disks attached to a virtual machine using Azure PowerShell in the Resource Manager deployment model. -author: kirpasingh -manager: roshar -ms.service: azure-disk-storage -ms.collection: windows -ms.topic: how-to -ms.date: 09/10/2024 -ms.author: kirpas -ms.custom: devx-track-azurepowershell, references_regions ---- -# How to expand virtual hard disks attached to a Windows virtual machine - -**Applies to:** :heavy_check_mark: Windows VMs :heavy_check_mark: Flexible scale sets - -When you create a new virtual machine (VM) in a resource group by deploying an image from [Azure Marketplace](https://azure.microsoft.com/marketplace/), the default operating system (OS) disk is usually 127 GiB (some images have smaller OS disk sizes by default). You can add data disks to your VM (the amount depends on the VM SKU you selected) and we recommend installing applications and CPU-intensive workloads on data disks. You may need to expand the OS disk if you're supporting a legacy application that installs components on the OS disk or if you're migrating a physical PC or VM from on-premises that has a larger OS disk. This article covers expanding either OS disks or data disks. - -An OS disk has a maximum capacity of 4,095 GiB. However, many operating systems are partitioned with [master boot record (MBR)](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_boot_record) by default. MBR limits the usable size to 2 TiB. If you need more than 2 TiB, create and attach data disks and use them for data storage. If you need to store data on the OS disk and require the additional space, [convert it to GUID Partition Table](/windows-server/storage/disk-management/change-an-mbr-disk-into-a-gpt-disk) (GPT). To learn about the differences between MBR and GPT on Windows deployments, see [Windows and GPT FAQ](/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/windows-and-gpt-faq). - - -> [!IMPORTANT] -> Unless you use [Expand without downtime](#expand-without-downtime), expanding a data disk requires the VM to be deallocated. -> -> Shrinking an existing disk isn’t supported and may result in data loss. -> -> After expanding the disks, you need to [Expand the volume in the operating system](#expand-the-volume-in-the-operating-system) to take advantage of the larger disk. -> -> You can't expand the size of striped volumes. - -## Expand without downtime - -You can expand data disks without deallocating your VM. The host cache setting of your disk doesn't change whether or not you can expand a data disk without deallocating your VM. - -This feature has the following limitations: - -[!INCLUDE [virtual-machines-disks-expand-without-downtime-restrictions](../includes/virtual-machines-disks-expand-without-downtime-restrictions.md)] - -## Resize a managed disk in the Azure portal - -> [!IMPORTANT] -> If your disk meets the requirements in [Expand without downtime](#expand-without-downtime), you can skip step 1. - -1. In the [Azure portal](https://portal.azure.com/), go to the virtual machine in which you want to expand the disk. Select **Stop** to deallocate the VM. -1. In the left menu under **Settings**, select **Disks**. - - :::image type="content" source="./media/expand-os-disk/select-disks.png" alt-text="Screenshot that shows the Disks option selected in the Settings section of the menu."::: - - -1. Under **Disk name**, select the disk you want to expand. - - :::image type="content" source="./media/expand-os-disk/disk-name.png" alt-text="Screenshot that shows the Disks pane with a disk name selected."::: - -1. In the left menu under **Settings**, select **Size + performance**. - - :::image type="content" source="./media/expand-os-disk/configuration.png" alt-text="Screenshot that shows the Size and performance option selected in the Settings section of the menu."::: - -1. In **Size + performance**, select the disk size you want. - - > [!WARNING] - > The new size should be greater than the existing disk size. The maximum allowed is 4,095 GB for OS disks. (It's possible to expand the VHD blob beyond that size, but the OS works only with the first 4,095 GB of space.) - > - - :::image type="content" source="./media/expand-os-disk/size.png" alt-text="Screenshot that shows the Size and performance pane with the disk size selected."::: - -1. Select **Resize** at the bottom of the page. - - :::image type="content" source="./media/expand-os-disk/save.png" alt-text="Screenshot that shows the Size and performance pane with the Resize button selected."::: - - -## Resize a managed disk by using PowerShell - -Open your PowerShell ISE or PowerShell window in administrative mode and follow the steps below: - -1. Sign in to your Microsoft Azure account in resource management mode and select your subscription: - -```powershell -Connect-AzAccount -Select-AzSubscription –SubscriptionName 'my-subscription-name' -``` - -2. Set your resource group name and VM name: - -```powershell -$rgName = 'my-resource-group-name' -$vmName = 'my-vm-name' -$diskName = 'my-disk-name' -``` - -3. Obtain a reference to your VM: - -```powershell -$vm = Get-AzVM -ResourceGroupName $rgName -Name $vmName -``` - -> [!IMPORTANT] -> If your disk meets the requirements in [expand without downtime](#expand-without-downtime), you can skip step 4 and 6. - -4. Stop the VM before resizing the disk: - -```powershell -Stop-AzVM -ResourceGroupName $rgName -Name $vmName -``` - -5. Obtain a reference to the managed OS disk. Set the size of the managed OS disk to the desired value and update the Disk: - -```powershell -$disk= Get-AzDisk -ResourceGroupName $rgName -DiskName $diskName -$disk.DiskSizeGB = 1023 -Update-AzDisk -ResourceGroupName $rgName -Disk $disk -DiskName $disk.Name -``` -> [!WARNING] -> The new size should be greater than the existing disk size. The maximum allowed is 4,095 GB for OS disks. (It is possible to expand the VHD blob beyond that size, but the OS works only with the first 4,095 GB of space.) -> - -6. Updating the VM might take a few seconds. When the command finishes executing, restart the VM: - -```powershell -Start-AzVM -ResourceGroupName $rgName -Name $vmName -``` - -Remote into the VM, open **Computer Management** (or **Disk Management**) and expand the drive using the newly allocated space. - -## Expand the volume in the operating system - -When you've expanded the disk for the VM, you need to go into the OS and expand the volume to encompass the new space. There are several methods for expanding a partition. This section covers connecting the VM using an RDP connection to expand the partition using [Using Diskpart](#using-diskpart) or [Using Disk Manager](#using-disk-manager). - -### Using DiskPart - - -When you've expanded the disk for the VM, you need to go into the OS and expand the volume to encompass the new space. There are several methods for expanding a partition. This section covers connecting the VM using an RDP connection to expand the partition using **DiskPart**. - -1. Open an RDP connection to your VM. - -1. Open a command prompt and type **diskpart**. - -1. At the **DISKPART** prompt, type `list volume`. Make note of the volume you want to extend. - -1. At the **DISKPART** prompt, type `select volume `. This selects the volume *volumenumber* that you want to extend into contiguous, empty space on the same disk. - -1. At the **DISKPART** prompt, type `extend [size=]`. This extends the selected volume by *size* in megabytes (MB). - -### Using Disk Manager - -1. Start a remote desktop session with the VM. -2. Open **Disk Management**. - - :::image type="content" source="media/expand-os-disk/disk-mgr-1.png" alt-text="Screenshot showing Disk Management."::: - -1. Right-click on existing **C:** drive partition -> Extend Volume. - - :::image type="content" source="media/expand-os-disk/disk-mgr-2.png" alt-text="Screenshot showing how to extend the volume."::: - -1. Follow the steps you should be able to see the disk with updated capacity: - - :::image type="content" source="media/expand-os-disk/disk-mgr-3.png" alt-text="Screenshot showing the larger C: volume in Disk Manager."::: - -## Expanding without downtime classic VM SKU support - -If you're using a classic VM SKU, it might not support expanding disks without downtime. - -Use the following PowerShell script to determine which VM SKUs it's available with: - -```azurepowershell -Connect-AzAccount -$subscriptionId="yourSubID" -$location="desiredRegion" -Set-AzContext -Subscription $subscriptionId -$vmSizes=Get-AzComputeResourceSku -Location $location | where{$_.ResourceType -eq 'virtualMachines'} - -foreach($vmSize in $vmSizes){ - foreach($capability in $vmSize.Capabilities) - { - if(($capability.Name -eq "EphemeralOSDiskSupported" -and $capability.Value -eq "True") -or ($capability.Name -eq "PremiumIO" -and $capability.Value -eq "True") -or ($capability.Name -eq "HyperVGenerations" -and $capability.Value -match "V2")) - { - $vmSize.Name - } - } -} -``` - -## Next steps - -You can also attach disks using the [Azure portal](attach-managed-disk-portal.yml). +--- +title: Expand virtual hard disks attached to a Windows VM in an Azure +description: Expand the size of the virtual hard disks attached to a virtual machine using Azure PowerShell in the Resource Manager deployment model. +author: kirpasingh +manager: roshar +ms.service: azure-disk-storage +ms.collection: windows +ms.topic: how-to +ms.date: 09/10/2024 +ms.author: kirpas +ms.custom: devx-track-azurepowershell, references_regions +--- +# How to expand virtual hard disks attached to a Windows virtual machine + +**Applies to:** :heavy_check_mark: Windows VMs :heavy_check_mark: Flexible scale sets + +When you create a new virtual machine (VM) in a resource group by deploying an image from [Azure Marketplace](https://azure.microsoft.com/marketplace/), the default operating system (OS) disk is usually 127 GiB (some images have smaller OS disk sizes by default). You can add data disks to your VM (the amount depends on the VM SKU you selected) and we recommend installing applications and CPU-intensive workloads on data disks. You may need to expand the OS disk if you're supporting a legacy application that installs components on the OS disk or if you're migrating a physical PC or VM from on-premises that has a larger OS disk. This article covers expanding either OS disks or data disks. + +An OS disk has a maximum capacity of 4,095 GiB. However, many operating systems are partitioned with [master boot record (MBR)](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_boot_record) by default. MBR limits the usable size to 2 TiB. If you need more than 2 TiB, create and attach data disks and use them for data storage. If you need to store data on the OS disk and require the additional space, [convert it to GUID Partition Table](/windows-server/storage/disk-management/change-an-mbr-disk-into-a-gpt-disk) (GPT). To learn about the differences between MBR and GPT on Windows deployments, see [Windows and GPT FAQ](/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/windows-and-gpt-faq). + + +> [!IMPORTANT] +> Unless you use [Expand without downtime](#expand-without-downtime), expanding a data disk requires the VM to be deallocated. +> +> Shrinking an existing disk isn’t supported and may result in data loss. +> +> After expanding the disks, you need to [Expand the volume in the operating system](#expand-the-volume-in-the-operating-system) to take advantage of the larger disk. +> +> You can't expand the size of striped volumes. + +## Expand without downtime + +You can expand data disks without deallocating your VM. The host cache setting of your disk doesn't change whether or not you can expand a data disk without deallocating your VM. + +This feature has the following limitations: + +[!INCLUDE [virtual-machines-disks-expand-without-downtime-restrictions](../includes/virtual-machines-disks-expand-without-downtime-restrictions.md)] + +## Resize a managed disk in the Azure portal + +> [!IMPORTANT] +> If your disk meets the requirements in [Expand without downtime](#expand-without-downtime), you can skip step 1. + +1. In the [Azure portal](https://portal.azure.com/), go to the virtual machine in which you want to expand the disk. Select **Stop** to deallocate the VM. +1. In the left menu under **Settings**, select **Disks**. + + :::image type="content" source="./media/expand-os-disk/select-disks.png" alt-text="Screenshot that shows the Disks option selected in the Settings section of the menu."::: + + +1. Under **Disk name**, select the disk you want to expand. + + :::image type="content" source="./media/expand-os-disk/disk-name.png" alt-text="Screenshot that shows the Disks pane with a disk name selected."::: + +1. In the left menu under **Settings**, select **Size + performance**. + + :::image type="content" source="./media/expand-os-disk/configuration.png" alt-text="Screenshot that shows the Size and performance option selected in the Settings section of the menu."::: + +1. In **Size + performance**, select the disk size you want. + + > [!WARNING] + > The new size should be greater than the existing disk size. The maximum allowed is 4,095 GB for OS disks. (It's possible to expand the VHD blob beyond that size, but the OS works only with the first 4,095 GB of space.) + > + + :::image type="content" source="./media/expand-os-disk/size.png" alt-text="Screenshot that shows the Size and performance pane with the disk size selected."::: + +1. Select **Resize** at the bottom of the page. + + :::image type="content" source="./media/expand-os-disk/save.png" alt-text="Screenshot that shows the Size and performance pane with the Resize button selected."::: + + +## Resize a managed disk by using PowerShell + +Open your PowerShell ISE or PowerShell window in administrative mode and follow the steps below: + +1. Sign in to your Microsoft Azure account in resource management mode and select your subscription: + +```powershell +Connect-AzAccount +Select-AzSubscription –SubscriptionName 'my-subscription-name' +``` + +2. Set your resource group name and VM name: + +```powershell +$rgName = 'my-resource-group-name' +$vmName = 'my-vm-name' +$diskName = 'my-disk-name' +``` + +3. Obtain a reference to your VM: + +```powershell +$vm = Get-AzVM -ResourceGroupName $rgName -Name $vmName +``` + +> [!IMPORTANT] +> If your disk meets the requirements in [expand without downtime](#expand-without-downtime), you can skip step 4 and 6. + +4. Stop the VM before resizing the disk: + +```powershell +Stop-AzVM -ResourceGroupName $rgName -Name $vmName +``` + +5. Obtain a reference to the managed OS disk. Set the size of the managed OS disk to the desired value and update the Disk: + +```powershell +$disk= Get-AzDisk -ResourceGroupName $rgName -DiskName $diskName +$disk.DiskSizeGB = 1023 +Update-AzDisk -ResourceGroupName $rgName -Disk $disk -DiskName $disk.Name +``` +> [!WARNING] +> The new size should be greater than the existing disk size. The maximum allowed is 4,095 GB for OS disks. (It is possible to expand the VHD blob beyond that size, but the OS works only with the first 4,095 GB of space.) +> + +6. Updating the VM might take a few seconds. When the command finishes executing, restart the VM: + +```powershell +Start-AzVM -ResourceGroupName $rgName -Name $vmName +``` + +Remote into the VM, open **Computer Management** (or **Disk Management**) and expand the drive using the newly allocated space. + +## Expand the volume in the operating system + +When you've expanded the disk for the VM, you need to go into the OS and expand the volume to encompass the new space. There are several methods for expanding a partition. This section covers connecting the VM using an RDP connection to expand the partition using [Using Diskpart](#using-diskpart) or [Using Disk Manager](#using-disk-manager). + +### Using DiskPart + + +When you've expanded the disk for the VM, you need to go into the OS and expand the volume to encompass the new space. There are several methods for expanding a partition. This section covers connecting the VM using an RDP connection to expand the partition using **DiskPart**. + +1. Open an RDP connection to your VM. + +1. Open a command prompt and type **diskpart**. + +1. At the **DISKPART** prompt, type `list volume`. Make note of the volume you want to extend. + +1. At the **DISKPART** prompt, type `select volume `. This selects the volume *volumenumber* that you want to extend into contiguous, empty space on the same disk. + +1. At the **DISKPART** prompt, type `extend [size=]`. This extends the selected volume by *size* in megabytes (MB). + +### Using Disk Manager + +1. Start a remote desktop session with the VM. +2. Open **Disk Management**. + + :::image type="content" source="media/expand-os-disk/disk-mgr-1.png" alt-text="Screenshot showing Disk Management."::: + +1. Right-click on existing **C:** drive partition -> Extend Volume. + + :::image type="content" source="media/expand-os-disk/disk-mgr-2.png" alt-text="Screenshot showing how to extend the volume."::: + +1. Follow the steps you should be able to see the disk with updated capacity: + + :::image type="content" source="media/expand-os-disk/disk-mgr-3.png" alt-text="Screenshot showing the larger C: volume in Disk Manager."::: + +## Expanding without downtime classic VM SKU support + +If you're using a classic VM SKU, it might not support expanding disks without downtime. + +Use the following PowerShell script to determine which VM SKUs it's available with: + +```azurepowershell +Connect-AzAccount +$subscriptionId="yourSubID" +$location="desiredRegion" +Set-AzContext -Subscription $subscriptionId +$vmSizes=Get-AzComputeResourceSku -Location $location | where{$_.ResourceType -eq 'virtualMachines'} + +foreach($vmSize in $vmSizes){ + foreach($capability in $vmSize.Capabilities) + { + if(($capability.Name -eq "EphemeralOSDiskSupported" -and $capability.Value -eq "True") -or ($capability.Name -eq "PremiumIO" -and $capability.Value -eq "True") -or ($capability.Name -eq "HyperVGenerations" -and $capability.Value -match "V2")) + { + $vmSize.Name + } + } +} +``` + +## Next steps + +You can also attach disks using the [Azure portal](attach-managed-disk-portal.yml).