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Introduction

SlicerLiver is an extension for the medical research software 3D Slicer providing tools for analysis, quantification and therapy planning for hepatic interventions.

The extension provides a fast and accurate solution for:

  • Computation and visualization of liver vascular territories (liver segments).
  • Definition of surgical resection in 3D using deformable surfaces, as well as the visualization of resection margins (risk areas).

Installing the extension

  1. Download and install 3D Slicer according to your operating system from here : https://download.slicer.org/.
  2. Open Slicer.
  3. Press Ctrl+4 to open the extension manager. Or click the blue upper-right icon with the letter E.
  4. Once the Extension Manager pops up, make sure to select the Install Extensions tab.
  5. On the upper-right search box write "Liver"
  6. Click Install and give okay to install other extensions if asked.
  7. Restart Slicer.
  8. Once 3D Slicer restarts, click the search icon on the left of the module selector and write 'Liver'. Click Switch to module.

Slicer-Liver_screenshot_10

Sample Data

To test the extension, the LiverVolume and LiverSementation data can be loaded from the Sample Data module, after installing Slicer-Liver. To properly load the data in the plugin, it is advised to first open the extension and afterwards to navigate to the Sample module and to load the data.

Slicer-Liver_screenshot_9

Slicer-Liver Extension Usage

The extension is separated in the following three sections:

  • Distance Map Computation: projection of the safety margins in real-time onto the resection surface, which allows the user to modify the resection proposal until the safety requirement are met.
  • Resections: computation of the first approximation (planar Bézier) of the resection surface which can be subsequently modified through 16 control points.
  • Liver Segments: calculation and visualization of liver vascular territories (liver segments).

Each section is oriented towards one part of the liver resection planning workflow but, if desired, can work independently of the other ones. At the end of the workflow, the distance map, resection plan and liver segments can be saved to a given output directory.

Distance Map Computation

The computation of the Distance Map can be done using the following steps:

  1. Select the Reference Volume CT data.
  2. Select the Segmentation , i.e the binary labelmap representation which stores the segmentation of the liver, tumour and vascular territories.
  3. Select the Tumor segmentation.
  4. Select the Liver segmentation.
  5. Create new VectorVolume for Output Distance Map.
  6. Finally, click on Compute Distance Map.

Resections

The liver resection can be planned through the following process:

  1. Create a new Liver Resection for Resection.
  2. Select the labelmap (the same used in step 2 for the Distance Map Computation) for Liver Segmentation.
  3. Select the Liver segmentation.
  4. Optional: the user has the possibility to select the Distance Map computed at the end of the first section thought the collapsible button Distance Map.
  5. In the 3D View, slide the contour surrounding the liver in the desired position through the MarkupSlidingContour.
  6. The initial resection plane will appear after dropping the mouse.
  7. The resection can be deformed using the control points (4x4). It is also possible to modify the Resection grid, Resection margin and Uncertainty margin as desired.
  8. Check Preview resection checkbox if you want to visualize the final resection plan.

Slicer-Liver_screenshot_11

Slicer-Liver_screenshot_12

There are multiple options to create visualizations for the resection (color, opacity, configurable grid, etc).

Liver planning visualization

Liver Segments

Our approach to liver segments definition consist of the defintion of a segment by the centerline connecting user-defined sets of points. These centerlines will be the base for computation of liver segments in image space. The computation is based on shortest-distance mapping. The Liver segments can be defined using the following steps:

  1. Select the Segmentation.
  2. Select the hepatic/portal segmentation for Segment.
  3. You can hide the liver segmentation for better visibility in the 3D view by going to: Modules > search for Data > click on Switch to Module > Click on the eye botton next to the liver segmentation.
  4. Switch to Liver module again.
  5. Create a new Point List for Vessels points.
  6. Click the arrow button next to Vessel points," and place fixed landmark points on the hepatic/portal segmentation. These points will be useful for extracting the centralines of user-defined vessel branches.
  7. Once all the points are placed, Click Add Vessel Centerline Segments.
  8. Repeat steps 5 and 6 for creating new Point List, i.e extracting new centerlines.
  9. Click on Calculate Vascular Segments.

Liver segments -- placing fiducials

Liver segments -- placing fiducials

  1. If you want to visualize the liver segments in the 3D view:
    1. Click the search icon on the left of the module selector and write 'Data'. Click switch to module.
    2. Select the created VascularSegments labelmap and right click to Convert label map to segmentation node.
    3. Click again the search icon and go to Segmentations module.
    4. Select the new VascularSegmentations as Active segmentation.
    5. Click on Show 3D.

Slicer-Liver_screenshot_14

Video Tutorial

Slicer-Liver tutorial

Developers

Compilation

Slicer-Liver depends on the VMTK which can be installed in Slicer3D using the extension manager or built following the steps for developers here: https://github.com/vmtk/SlicerExtension-VMTK#for-developers.

SLICER_BUILD_DIR=/path/to/Slicer-SuperBuild

git clone https://github.com/ALive-research/Slicer-Liver.git
cmake -DSlicer_DIR:PATH=SLICER_BUILD_DIR/Slicer-build -S ../Slicer-Liver
make -j5
make package

Testing

  • To enable the developer mode go to :

    • Edit > Application Settings > Developer

  • Then check the Enable developer mode check box. The application may need to be restarted for this modification to be taken into account.

  • To run the unit tests, open the Slicer-Liver extension, expand the Reload & Test menu and click on the Reload and Test button.

  • To visualize the test results, open the Python console by going to: View > Python Interactor.

  • The number and the result of the tests will be displayed in the console. Should any of the test fail, please don't hesitate to open an issue or contact us through the Slicer forum.

Authors

  • Rafael Palomar (Oslo University Hospital / NTNU, Norway)
  • Ole Vegard Solberg (SINTEF, Norway)
  • Geir Arne Tangen (SINTEF, Norway)
  • Gabriella D'Albenzio (Oslo University Hospital)
  • Ruoyan Meng (NTNU)
  • Javier Pérez de Frutos (SINTEF, Norway)
  • Héctor Martínez (Universidad de Córdoba)
  • Francisco Javier Rodríguez Lozano (Universidad de Córdoba)
  • Joaquín Olivares Bueno (Universidad de Córdoba)
  • José Manuel Palomares Muñoz (Universidad de Córdoba)

Contact: [email protected]

License

This software is open source distributed under the 3-Clause BSD License

Acknowledgements

This software has partially been funded by The Research Council of Norway through the ALive project (grant nr. 311393).