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win-11-gold

Instructions detail how to customize a Windows 11 Enterprise x64 image for incorporating software and security into an ISO file.

Requirements:

  1. DISA Windows 11 STIG Compliance
  2. SRA Ground Control Station STIG Compliance

Required Software:

  1. QGroundControl (QGC)
  2. QGC-Gov
  3. Mission Planner
  4. Windows Tactical Assault Kit (WinTAK)

Build Environment and Tools:

  • Windows 11 Enterprise x64
  • Windows Assessment and Deployment Kit (ADK)
  • Windows Preinstallation Environment (PE) Add-Ons

Steps to create the custom ISO using a Windows guest and Linux host (optional):

  1. Download the Windows 11 Enterprise x64 ISO
  2. Install TPM on Linux KVM Host

sudo apt-get install swtpm swtpm-tools

  1. Create the Windows 11 VM

    1. Create a new VM for Windows 11 from virt-manager
    2. Attach the Windows 11 ISO image to the VM
    3. Configure desired CPU, RAM, and storage capacity
    4. At the end of the wizard, tick Customize configuration before install checkbox

  2. Configure the Windows 11 VM Hardware

    1. Click the Overview section, change firmware to UEFI x86_64: /usr/share/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_CODE.secboot.fd
    2. Click Add Hardware and add TPM
      1. Change Type to Emulated
      2. Change Model to TIS
      3. Change Version to 2.0

  3. Boot up the VM and follow the Windows 11 installation wizard and initial setup wizard.

  4. Install all software updates via Windows Update.

  5. Install all required software (manually or automated via Powershell).

  6. Apply provisioning packages to configure and secure the system (after initial setup):

    https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/configuration/provisioning-packages/provisioning-apply-package

  7. Apply security configurations (STIG) via PowerSTIG.

  8. Run sysprep (as administrator) to remove unique information so that the image can be reused on a different computer.

    C:\Windows\System32\Sysprep\sysprep.exe /oobe /generalize /shutdown

DSC for Linux - Managing DSC clients from a Linux host (optional)

  1. Install Linux packages (on Linux)

    https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/linux/packages

  2. Install OMI (on Linux)

    https://github.com/Microsoft/omi

  3. Install DSC (on Linux)

    https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/dsc/getting-started/lnxgettingstarted?view=dsc-1.1

  4. Upgrade Powershell (on Windows)

  5. Enable basic authentication (on Windows)

    winrm set winrm/config/service '@{AllowUnencrypted="true"}'
winrm set winrm/config/service/auth '@{Basic="true"}'

    Note that this is to ease development and must be disabled later.

  6. Connect Linux to Windows (from Linux)

    /opt/omi/bin/omicli ei root/cimv2 Win32_Environment --auth Basic --hostname 192.168.122.234 -u rse -p 0captain --port 5985

DSC and PowerSTIG on Windows (Required)

  1. Install PowerSTIG

    Install-Module -Name PowerStig -Scope CurrentUser

    https://github.com/microsoft/PowerStig

  2. Set the network connection type to private (Optional, for remote management).

    https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/make-a-wi-fi-network-public-or-private-in-windows-0460117d-8d3e-a7ac-f003-7a0da607448d

  3. Enable WinRM (Optional, for remote management)

    Set-WSManQuickConfig

    https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/dsc/troubleshooting/troubleshooting?view=dsc-1.1

PowerSTIG Workflow on Windows (Required)

It is highly recommended to install all required software prior to applying the security configurations!

  1. Compile each PowerSTIG Configuration (optional), i.e., run said powershell script. For example:
cd .\dsc\
.\WindowsClient.ps1

Note that this has already been done. Recompiling is only necessary if the configuration has been altered.

  1. Apply PowerSTIG Configuration.

Recommended to create a Recovery Point prior to iteratively applying each configuration. In the event that a configuration "borks" application(s) or system functionality there is a way to revert back to the last known working point and troubleshoot the issue through exception inclusion of rules via the specified configuration.

```
Start-DscConfiguration .\WindowsClient -w -v -f
Start-DscConfiguration .\WindowsDefender -w -v -f

# After the following, applications will need inbound/outbound rules made to allow traffic.
Start-DscConfiguration .\WindowsFirewall -w -v -f

Start-DscConfiguration .\DotNetFramework -w -v -f

# After the following, user will be unable to download software from the internet.
# Therefore, software installation should be done before applying these configurations.

Start-DscConfiguration .\Chrome -w -v -f
Start-DscConfiguration .\Edge -w -v -f
Start-DscConfiguration .\EdgeProxy -w -v -f
Start-DscConfiguration .\Firefox -w -v -f
```

# TODO
1) Adobe?
2) McAfee?
3) Office?

Note that all configurations can be applied in one swift call via .\dsc\app-all-configs.ps1. Use this with caution!

For more information, please see: https://github.com/Microsoft/PowerStig/wiki/GettingStarted

Custom DSC on Windows (Required)

Install-Module -Name xNetworking

Start-DscConfiguration .\CreateFirewallRule\ -w -v -f

Post Setup and Configuration

# TODO Use Clonezilla Live to create the final image

# TODO Use Clonezilla Live or Clonezill Lite Server to deploy the image(s)

Steps to setup Ansible and remotely configure the Windows guest from a Linux host (Optional)

pip install pywinrm

ansible-playbook -i ansible/inventory.ini ansible/roles/windows/tasks/windows-setup.yml

ansible-playbook -i ansible/inventory.ini ansible/roles/windows/tasks/winrm-setup.yml

ansible-playbook -i ansible/inventory.ini ansible/roles/windows/tasks/install-software.yml

ansible-playbook -i ansible/inventory.ini ansible/roles/windows/tasks/install-dev.yml

Recommendation: Take a snapshot NOW!!!

virsh dumpxml win11

sudo qemu-img snapshot -c snapshot_name /path/to/your/pflash-image sudo qemu-img snapshot -c baseline /var/lib/libvirt/images/win11.qcow2 sudo qemu-img snapshot -l /var/lib/libvirt/images/win11.qcow2

Troubleshooting

Using Windows Configuration Designer (Optional)

Using sysprep (Optional)