A physical examination is a comprehensive assessment of a person's overall health status through observation, palpation, auscultation, and other diagnostic techniques. It an essential part of diagnosing medical conditions, monitoring health, and providing preventive care.
During a physical examination, the healthcare provider evaluates various aspects of the patient's health, including their vital signs, general appearance, and specific organ systems.
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Vital signs: blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature.
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General appearance: posture, skin color, demeanor, distress, discomfort, or abnormal movements.
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Palpation: Use the hands to feel and examine various parts of the body, such as the abdomen, lymph nodes, and joints. Look for abnormalities such as swelling, tenderness, or masses.
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Auscultation: Use a stethoscope to listen to heart sounds, lung sounds, and bowel sounds.
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Assess: Assess the eyes, ears, nose, and throat for signs of infection, inflammation, or other abnormalities. Assess neurological function, including reflexes, sensation, coordination, and mental status.