Interface Between R and Google Maps
The function gmapsdistance uses the Google Maps Distance Matrix API to compute the distance(s) and time(s) between two points or two vectors of points. An API key is not necessary to perform the query but the function supports its usage. If an API key is being used the Distance Matrix API should be enabled in the Google Developers Console. Google maps must be able to find both the origin and the destination in order for the function to run. If the origin or destination contains multiple words, they should be separated by a plus sign (+). The distance is returned in meters and the time in seconds.
Four different modes of transportation are allowed: bicycling, walking, driving, transit.
# CRAN install.
install.packages("gmapsdistance")
# Github installation
# install.packages("devtools")
# devtools::install_github("rodazuero/gmapsdistance")
In this example we will compute the driving distance between Washington DC, and New York City. The code returns the Time, the Distance and the Status of the query (OK if it was successful).
results = gmapsdistance(origin = "Washington+DC",
destination = "New+York+City+NY",
mode = "driving")
results
# $Time
# [1] 13600
#
# $Distance
# [1] 361713
#
# $Status
# [1] "OK"In this example we will compute the driving distance between the Greek cities of Marathon and Athens. We show that the function is able to handle LAT-LONG coordinates.
results = gmapsdistance(origin = "38.1621328+24.0029257",
destination = "37.9908372+23.7383394",
mode = "walking")
results
# $Time
# [1] 30025
#
# $Distance
# [1] 39507
#
# $Status
# [1] "OK"This example computes the travel distance and time matrices between two vectors of cities at a specific departure time
results = gmapsdistance(origin = c("Washington+DC", "New+York+NY", "Seattle+WA", "Miami+FL"),
destination = c("Los+Angeles+CA", "Austin+TX", "Chicago+IL", "Philadelphia+PA"),
mode = "bicycling",
departure = 1514742000)
results
# $Time
# or Time.Los+Angeles+CA Time.Austin+TX Time.Chicago+IL Time.Philadelphia+PA
# 1 Washington+DC 856621 535146 247765 54430
# 2 New+York+NY 917486 596011 308630 32215
# 3 Seattle+WA 374692 678959 674989 956702
# 4 Miami+FL 829039 416667 452035 411283
#
# $Distance
# or Distance.Los+Angeles+CA Distance.Austin+TX Distance.Chicago+IL Distance.Philadelphia+PA
# 1 Washington+DC 4567470 2838519 1303067 266508
# 2 New+York+NY 4855086 3126136 1590684 160917
# 3 Seattle+WA 1982354 3562970 3588297 5051951
# 4 Miami+FL 4559205 2279966 2381610 2169382
#
# $Status
# or status.Los+Angeles+CA status.Austin+TX status.Chicago+IL status.Philadelphia+PA
# 1 Washington+DC OK OK OK OK
# 2 New+York+NY OK OK OK OK
# 3 Seattle+WA OK OK OK OK
# 4 Miami+FL OK OK OK OK
# Equivalently
results = gmapsdistance(origin = c("Washington+DC", "New+York+NY", "Seattle+WA", "Miami+FL"),
destination = c("Los+Angeles+CA", "Austin+TX", "Chicago+IL", "Philadelphia+PA"),
mode = "bicycling",
dep_date = "2022-08-16",
dep_time = "20:40:00")
results
# $Time
# or Time.Los+Angeles+CA Time.Austin+TX Time.Chicago+IL Time.Philadelphia+PA
# 1 Washington+DC 856621 535146 247765 54430
# 2 New+York+NY 917486 596011 308630 32215
# 3 Seattle+WA 374692 678959 674989 956702
# 4 Miami+FL 829039 416667 452035 411283
#
# $Distance
# or Distance.Los+Angeles+CA Distance.Austin+TX Distance.Chicago+IL Distance.Philadelphia+PA
# 1 Washington+DC 4567470 2838519 1303067 266508
# 2 New+York+NY 4855086 3126136 1590684 160917
# 3 Seattle+WA 1982354 3562970 3588297 5051951
# 4 Miami+FL 4559205 2279966 2381610 2169382
#
# $Status
# or status.Los+Angeles+CA status.Austin+TX status.Chicago+IL status.Philadelphia+PA
# 1 Washington+DC OK OK OK OK
# 2 New+York+NY OK OK OK OK
# 3 Seattle+WA OK OK OK OK
# 4 Miami+FL OK OK OK OKThis example computes the travel distance and time matrices between two vectors of cities and return the results in long format
origin = c("Washington+DC", "New+York+NY", "Seattle+WA", "Miami+FL")
destination = c("Los+Angeles+CA", "Austin+TX", "Chicago+IL")
results = gmapsdistance(origin, destination, mode = "driving", shape = "long")
results
# $Time
# or de Time
# 1 Washington+DC Los+Angeles+CA 137727
# 2 New+York+NY Los+Angeles+CA 144653
# 3 Seattle+WA Los+Angeles+CA 60913
# 4 Miami+FL Los+Angeles+CA 137344
# 5 Washington+DC Austin+TX 79783
# 6 New+York+NY Austin+TX 91593
# 7 Seattle+WA Austin+TX 115428
# 8 Miami+FL Austin+TX 68841
# 9 Washington+DC Chicago+IL 38523
# 10 New+York+NY Chicago+IL 43268
# 11 Seattle+WA Chicago+IL 106111
# 12 Miami+FL Chicago+IL 71280
#
# $Distance
# or de Distance
# 1 Washington+DC Los+Angeles+CA 4295212
# 2 New+York+NY Los+Angeles+CA 4493003
# 3 Seattle+WA Los+Angeles+CA 1829511
# 4 Miami+FL Los+Angeles+CA 4397978
# 5 Washington+DC Austin+TX 2452391
# 6 New+York+NY Austin+TX 2803734
# 7 Seattle+WA Austin+TX 3412576
# 8 Miami+FL Austin+TX 2175962
# 9 Washington+DC Chicago+IL 1123788
# 10 New+York+NY Chicago+IL 1270086
# 11 Seattle+WA Chicago+IL 3321732
# 12 Miami+FL Chicago+IL 2219991
#
# $Status
# [1] "OK"This example computes the travel distance and time between two vectors of cities. This example shows that the function is able to handle LAT-LONG coordinates and a Google Maps API Key
#set.api.key("Your Google Maps API Key")
origin = c("40.431478+-80.0505401", "33.7678359+-84.4906438")
destination = c("43.0995629+-79.0437609", "41.7096483+-86.9093986")
results = gmapsdistance(origin, destination, mode="bicycling", shape="long")
results
# $Time
# or de Time
# 1 40.431478+-80.0505401 43.0995629+-79.0437609 85140
# 2 33.7678359+-84.4906438 43.0995629+-79.0437609 326680
# 3 40.431478+-80.0505401 41.7096483+-86.9093986 130073
# 4 33.7678359+-84.4906438 41.7096483+-86.9093986 228792
#
# $Distance
# or de Distance
# 1 40.431478+-80.0505401 43.0995629+-79.0437609 440075
# 2 33.7678359+-84.4906438 43.0995629+-79.0437609 1611588
# 3 40.431478+-80.0505401 41.7096483+-86.9093986 688508
# 4 33.7678359+-84.4906438 41.7096483+-86.9093986 1135876
#
# $Status
# [1] "OK"
This example computes the travel distance and time between two vectors of cities using the 'combinations' option.
# 1. Pairwise
or = c("Washington+DC", "New+York+NY", "Seattle+WA", "Miami+FL")
des = c("Los+Angeles+CA", "Austin+TX", "Chicago+IL", "Philadelphia+PA")
results = gmapsdistance(origin = or, destination = des, mode = "bicycling", combinations = "pairwise")
results
# $Time
# or de Time
# 1 Washington+DC Los+Angeles+CA 856621
# 2 New+York+NY Austin+TX 596011
# 3 Seattle+WA Chicago+IL 674989
# 4 Miami+FL Philadelphia+PA 411283
#
# $Distance
# or de Distance
# 1 Washington+DC Los+Angeles+CA 4567470
# 2 New+York+NY Austin+TX 3126136
# 3 Seattle+WA Chicago+IL 3588297
# 4 Miami+FL Philadelphia+PA 2169382
#
# $Status
# or de status
# 1 Washington+DC Los+Angeles+CA OK
# 2 New+York+NY Austin+TX OK
# 3 Seattle+WA Chicago+IL OK
# 4 Miami+FL Philadelphia+PA OK
# 2. All combinations of origins and destinations in wide format
results = gmapsdistance(origin = or, destination = des, mode = "bicycling", combinations = "all", shape = "wide")
results
# $Time
# or Time.Los+Angeles+CA Time.Austin+TX Time.Chicago+IL Time.Philadelphia+PA
# 1 Washington+DC 856621 535146 247765 54430
# 2 New+York+NY 917486 596011 308630 32215
# 3 Seattle+WA 374692 678959 674989 956702
# 4 Miami+FL 829039 416667 452035 411283
#
# $Distance
# or Distance.Los+Angeles+CA Distance.Austin+TX Distance.Chicago+IL Distance.Philadelphia+PA
# 1 Washington+DC 4567470 2838519 1303067 266508
# 2 New+York+NY 4855086 3126136 1590684 160917
# 3 Seattle+WA 1982354 3562970 3588297 5051951
# 4 Miami+FL 4559205 2279966 2381610 2169382
#
# $Status
# or status.Los+Angeles+CA status.Austin+TX status.Chicago+IL status.Philadelphia+PA
# 1 Washington+DC OK OK OK OK
# 2 New+York+NY OK OK OK OK
# 3 Seattle+WA OK OK OK OK
# 4 Miami+FL OK OK OK OK
results = gmapsdistance(origin = or, destination = des, mode = "bicycling", combinations = "all", shape = "long")
results
# $Time
# or de Time
# 1 Washington+DC Los+Angeles+CA 856621
# 2 New+York+NY Los+Angeles+CA 917486
# 3 Seattle+WA Los+Angeles+CA 374692
# 4 Miami+FL Los+Angeles+CA 829039
# 5 Washington+DC Austin+TX 535146
# 6 New+York+NY Austin+TX 596011
# 7 Seattle+WA Austin+TX 678959
# 8 Miami+FL Austin+TX 416667
# 9 Washington+DC Chicago+IL 247765
# 10 New+York+NY Chicago+IL 308630
# 11 Seattle+WA Chicago+IL 674989
# 12 Miami+FL Chicago+IL 452035
# 13 Washington+DC Philadelphia+PA 54430
# 14 New+York+NY Philadelphia+PA 32215
# 15 Seattle+WA Philadelphia+PA 956702
# 16 Miami+FL Philadelphia+PA 411283
#
# $Distance
# or de Distance
# 1 Washington+DC Los+Angeles+CA 4567470
# 2 New+York+NY Los+Angeles+CA 4855086
# 3 Seattle+WA Los+Angeles+CA 1982354
# 4 Miami+FL Los+Angeles+CA 4559205
# 5 Washington+DC Austin+TX 2838519
# 6 New+York+NY Austin+TX 3126136
# 7 Seattle+WA Austin+TX 3562970
# 8 Miami+FL Austin+TX 2279966
# 9 Washington+DC Chicago+IL 1303067
# 10 New+York+NY Chicago+IL 1590684
# 11 Seattle+WA Chicago+IL 3588297
# 12 Miami+FL Chicago+IL 2381610
# 13 Washington+DC Philadelphia+PA 266508
# 14 New+York+NY Philadelphia+PA 160917
# 15 Seattle+WA Philadelphia+PA 5051951
# 16 Miami+FL Philadelphia+PA 2169382
#
# $Status
# or de status
# 1 Washington+DC Los+Angeles+CA OK
# 2 New+York+NY Los+Angeles+CA OK
# 3 Seattle+WA Los+Angeles+CA OK
# 4 Miami+FL Los+Angeles+CA OK
# 5 Washington+DC Austin+TX OK
# 6 New+York+NY Austin+TX OK
# 7 Seattle+WA Austin+TX OK
# 8 Miami+FL Austin+TX OK
# 9 Washington+DC Chicago+IL OK
# 10 New+York+NY Chicago+IL OK
# 11 Seattle+WA Chicago+IL OK
# 12 Miami+FL Chicago+IL OK
# 13 Washington+DC Philadelphia+PA OK
# 14 New+York+NY Philadelphia+PA OK
# 15 Seattle+WA Philadelphia+PA OK
# 16 Miami+FL Philadelphia+PA OKThis example computes the travel distance and time between two vectors of cities. This example shows that the function is able to handle LAT-LONG coordinates and a Google Maps API Key
#
# Time and distance using a 'pessimistic' traffic model. ONLY works with a Google Maps API key
#
# results = gmapsdistance(origin = c("Washington+DC", "New+York+NY"),
# destination = c("Los+Angeles+CA", "Austin+TX"),
# mode = "driving",
# departure = 1514742000,
# traffic_model = "pessimistic",
# shape = "long",
# key=APIkey)
#
# results
# $Time
# or de Time
# 1 Washington+DC Los+Angeles+CA 150785
# 2 New+York+NY Los+Angeles+CA 160471
# 3 Washington+DC Austin+TX 87289
# 4 New+York+NY Austin+TX 102781
#
# $Distance
# or de Distance
# 1 Washington+DC Los+Angeles+CA 4295212
# 2 New+York+NY Los+Angeles+CA 4489460
# 3 Washington+DC Austin+TX 2452391
# 4 New+York+NY Austin+TX 2803691
#
# $Status
# or de status
# 1 Washington+DC Los+Angeles+CA OK
# 2 New+York+NY Los+Angeles+CA OK
# 3 Washington+DC Austin+TX OK
# 4 New+York+NY Austin+TX OK
#
# Time and distance avoiding 'tolls'. ONLY works with a Google Maps API key
#
# results = gmapsdistance(origin = c("Washington+DC", "New+York+NY"),
# destination = c("Los+Angeles+CA", "Austin+TX"),
# mode = "driving",
# avoid = "tolls",
# key=APIkey)
#
# results
#
# $Time
# or Time.Los+Angeles+CA Time.Austin+TX
# 1 Washington+DC 142794 84658
# 2 New+York+NY 153684 95622
#
# $Distance
# or Distance.Los+Angeles+CA Distance.Austin+TX
# 1 Washington+DC 4298169 2455348
# 2 New+York+NY 4557011 2800556
#
# $Status
# or status.Los+Angeles+CA status.Austin+TX
# 1 Washington+DC OK OK
# 2 New+York+NY OK OK
You can use a Google Maps API Key (which allows you to make a larger volume of calls) by adding your key to the package environment:
#set.api.key("your-google-maps-api-key")
There are a set of limits to the number of calls that can be done. These limits are established by the Google Maps Distance Matrix API Currently, in the free version the limits are given by:
- 2,500 free elements per day, calculated as the sum of client-side and server-side queries.
- Maximum of 25 origins or 25 destinations per request.
- 100 elements per request.
- 100 elements per second, calculated as the sum of client-side and server-side queries.
GNU General Public License v3.0
Version 3.3 available in CRAN repository
We encourage any kind of suggestions to improve the quality of this code. You can submit pull requests indicating clearly what is the purpose of the change and why we should accept such pull request. Although not necessary, we encourage you to verify that your suggestions are in accordance with the general guidelines established in the CRAN repository by running the R CMD check command. More information about this is available in this link..
Please see the file CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md for the Code of Conduct for the Contributor Covenant Code of Conduct.
This code was developed originally by Rodrigo Azuero and David Zarruk..
It is currently maintained by Rodrigo Azuero and Demetrio Rodriguez [email protected].
AUTHORS.md have a list of everyone who have contributed to gmapsdistance.
We like to keep track of the projects where gmapsdistance has been used. This will help us identify how to better improve the code. Let us know if you use gmapsditance! Below you will find links to some of the projects and some of the references to gmapsdistance that we have found.
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Proximity to pediatric cardiac specialty care for adolescents with congenital heart defects. Link to article.
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Measuring Accessibility to Rail Transit Stations in Scarborough: Subway vs. LRT. Link to article
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Hyperlinear: Big Data Analytics with R. Link
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Social Data Science Course. University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics. Link
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R-bloggers. The collaborative innovation landscape in data science. Link
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DataHubss. Google maps and R. Link. This blog entry refers to gmapsdistance as the best package in to use Google Maps in R.
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Exegetic - Data Science on Demand. A review of gmapsdistance. Link