If you are reading this, the date should be the seventh of July of 2023, and you should be checking the Lambda-Ingoyama CTF challenges site. Hopefully, we managed to hijack the site, and you are reading this now.
We are not allowed to say much, but you must know it's of utmost importance that you win this challenge. So, we have decided to help.
Don't worry, it should be easy. We have found the right exploit to solve, and we are forwarding to you the solution. In case something goes wrong, we are leaving some additional data we have collected. We don't know if it's useful, but we hope it can help.
It's now up to you to take the flag.
We wish good luck.
DATA = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 32, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 244, 155, 13, 190, 192, 74, 8, 176, 255, 42, 23, 165, 13, 35, 25, 44, 253, 38, 193, 209, 94, 199, 1, 73, 69, 64, 243, 80, 225, 218, 160, 162, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 120, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 32, 1, 124, 56, 108, 207, 100, 65, 67, 216, 14, 210, 43, 221, 77, 210, 190, 198, 193, 157, 67, 188, 89, 89, 19, 201, 32, 255, 31, 36, 18, 227, 118, 0, 37, 84, 169, 248, 13, 31, 103, 101, 193, 97, 98, 197, 44, 178, 228, 190, 22, 225, 3, 37, 2, 120, 18, 87, 9, 112, 251, 174, 58, 224, 135, 1, 231, 18, 180, 26, 21, 47, 123, 226, 113, 153, 84, 230, 25, 2, 194, 169, 229, 105, 187, 131, 105, 154, 188, 87, 83, 244, 26, 50, 53, 200, 218, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 30, 43, 253, 172, 254, 146, 42, 66, 169, 132, 88, 236, 4, 40, 1, 6, 148, 112, 183, 11, 253, 127, 87, 86, 53, 40, 101, 255, 246, 127, 40, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 32, 4, 179, 38, 239, 105, 249, 150, 138, 192, 48, 122, 138, 3, 253, 84, 39, 53, 124, 217, 71, 116, 89, 125, 108, 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175, 234, 87, 104, 216, 14, 9, 236, 226, 79, 71, 197, 62, 198, 88, 90, 94, 247, 22, 253, 125, 160, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 248, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 139, 231, 241, 196, 175, 249, 90, 76, 137, 191, 184, 173, 180, 107, 65, 119, 139, 169, 85, 237, 128, 176, 164, 13, 245, 92, 74, 91, 233, 212, 228, 46, 112, 174, 153, 67, 89, 22, 170, 90, 182, 28, 223, 22, 2, 188, 0, 218, 130, 241, 217, 31, 1, 16, 141, 251, 56, 142, 75, 77, 74, 60, 198, 223, 75, 24, 183, 81, 217, 125, 144, 149, 98, 40, 231, 63, 61, 98, 255, 115, 115, 81, 221, 218, 146, 100, 247, 167, 141, 210, 140, 21, 107, 183, 215, 37, 102, 235, 223, 70, 34, 70, 9, 169, 2, 102, 131, 190, 163, 155, 27, 63, 48, 85, 127, 233, 65, 149, 243, 40, 31, 227, 243, 163, 96, 79, 220, 164, 121, 234, 124, 106, 34, 8, 18, 232, 159, 169, 253, 243, 40, 255, 148, 57, 81, 153, 66, 170, 220, 214, 63, 132, 33, 166, 191, 56, 98, 212, 229, 239, 180, 46, 246, 250, 233, 72, 133, 224, 163, 130, 219, 189, 119, 152, 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214, 78, 107, 72, 150, 154, 125, 48, 26, 71, 135, 190, 145, 144, 193, 185, 29, 50, 199, 79, 202, 136, 98, 139, 79, 156, 120, 65, 82, 65, 205, 186, 175, 230, 199, 27, 129, 186, 38, 233, 237, 35, 227, 66, 120, 83, 55, 208, 115, 216, 39, 166, 92, 232, 3, 197, 159, 113, 234, 232, 75, 57, 35, 162, 226, 31, 253, 47, 154, 169, 17, 90, 147, 27, 19, 87, 244, 36, 181, 71, 88, 96, 47, 209, 79, 226, 45, 192, 239, 157, 90, 247, 28, 123, 65, 207, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 89, 135, 67, 117, 193, 203, 17, 99, 237, 127, 78, 3, 232, 80, 49, 87, 131, 85, 0, 252, 105, 184, 159, 200, 194, 50, 39, 247, 213, 194, 113, 131, 210, 137, 25, 195, 225, 211, 225, 125, 169, 210, 232, 188, 119, 131, 82, 5, 103, 63, 56, 183, 108, 42, 120, 176, 50, 186, 188, 122, 31, 130, 108, 117, 39, 196, 10, 240, 252, 49, 147, 250, 85, 45, 131, 0, 197, 194, 5, 120, 38, 221, 196, 0, 230, 235, 168, 102, 153, 134, 233, 154, 251, 57, 160, 43, 252, 206, 242, 210, 34, 249, 42, 93, 192, 214, 204, 230, 29, 147, 46, 222, 179, 192, 245, 126, 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OFFSET = 3 type = simple_fibonacci
Inspired from the commented lines in the sample code, we concluded that the given data can possibly be a STARK proof. simple_fibonacci
function resides in the examples of the lambda_works_stark
library. Hence, we created a proof for simple fibonacci starting with 1, 1 as usual with the TraceTable of length 32 given in the commented lines.
We bring the simple_fibonacci
function and other related modules.
use std::{net::TcpStream, io::{Write, Read}};
use lambdaworks_stark::starks::proof::stark::StarkProof;
use lambdaworks_stark::starks::example::simple_fibonacci;
use lambdaworks_stark::starks::prover::prove;
use lambdaworks_stark::starks::proof::options::ProofOptions;
use lambdaworks_stark::FE;
use lambdaworks_math::{field::fields::fft_friendly::stark_252_prime_field::Stark252PrimeField as F, traits::Serializable};
use lambdaworks_math::traits::Deserializable;
Prepare trace and public inputs
let good_trace = simple_fibonacci::fibonacci_trace([FE::from(1), FE::from(1)], 32);
let proof_options = ProofOptions::default_test_options();
let public_inputs = simple_fibonacci::FibonacciPublicInputs {
a0: FE::one(),
a1: FE::one(),
};
Create the proof
let test_proof = prove::<F, simple_fibonacci::FibonacciAIR<F>>(&good_trace, &public_inputs, &proof_options).unwrap();
and serialize it.
let x: Vec<u8> = test_proof.serialize();
Finally, use serde cbor to obtain the proof vector.
let proof_vec: Vec<u8> = serde_cbor::to_vec(&x).expect("Failed serialization");
Submitting the proof to the server gives the flag.