Welcome to History.js (v1.7.1 - October 4 2011)

This project is the successor of jQuery History, it aims to:

• Follow the HTML5 History API as much as possible
• Provide a cross-compatible experience for all HTML5 Browsers (they all implement the HTML5 History API a little bit differently causing different behaviours and sometimes bugs - History.js fixes this ensuring the experience is as expected / the same / great throughout the HTML5 browsers)
• Provide a backwards-compatible experience for all HTML4 Browsers using a hash-fallback (including continued support for the HTML5 History API's data, title, pushState and replaceState) with the option to remove HTML4 support if it is not right for your application
• Provide a forwards-compatible experience for HTML4 States to HTML5 States (so if a hash-fallbacked url is accessed by a HTML5 browser it is naturally transformed into its non-hashed url equivalent)
• Provide support for as many javascript frameworks as possible via adapters; especially jQuery, MooTools, Prototype and Zepto

Usage

Working with History.js:

(function(window,undefined){

	// Prepare
	var History = window.History; // Note: We are using a capital H instead of a lower h
	if ( !History.enabled ) {
		 // History.js is disabled for this browser.
		 // This is because we can optionally choose to support HTML4 browsers or not.
		return false;
	}

	// Bind to StateChange Event
	History.Adapter.bind(window,'statechange',function(){ // Note: We are using statechange instead of popstate
		var State = History.getState(); // Note: We are using History.getState() instead of event.state
		History.log(State.data, State.title, State.url);
	});

	// Change our States
	History.pushState({state:1}, "State 1", "?state=1"); // logs {state:1}, "State 1", "?state=1"
	History.pushState({state:2}, "State 2", "?state=2"); // logs {state:2}, "State 2", "?state=2"
	History.replaceState({state:3}, "State 3", "?state=3"); // logs {state:3}, "State 3", "?state=3"
	History.pushState(null, null, "?state=4"); // logs {}, '', "?state=4"
	History.back(); // logs {state:3}, "State 3", "?state=3"
	History.back(); // logs {state:1}, "State 1", "?state=1"
	History.back(); // logs {}, "Home Page", "?"
	History.go(2); // logs {state:3}, "State 3", "?state=3"

})(window);

To ajaxify your entire website with the HTML5 History API, History.js and jQuery this snippet of code is all you need. It's that easy.

How would the above operations look in a HTML5 Browser?

1. www.mysite.com
2. www.mysite.com/?state=1
3. www.mysite.com/?state=2
4. www.mysite.com/?state=3
5. www.mysite.com/?state=4
6. www.mysite.com/?state=3
7. www.mysite.com/?state=1
8. www.mysite.com
9. www.mysite.com/?state=3

Note: These urls also work in HTML4 browsers and Search Engines. So no need for the hashbang (#!) fragment-identifier that google "recommends".

How would they look in a HTML4 Browser?

1. www.mysite.com
2. www.mysite.com/#?state=1&_suid=1
3. www.mysite.com/#?state=2&_suid=2
4. www.mysite.com/#?state=3&_suid=3
5. www.mysite.com/#?state=4
6. www.mysite.com/#?state=3&_suid=3
7. www.mysite.com/#?state=1&_suid=1
8. www.mysite.com
9. www.mysite.com/#?state=3&_suid=3

Note 1: These urls also work in HTML5 browsers - we use replaceState to transform these HTML4 states into their HTML5 equivalents so the user won't even notice :-)

Note 2: These urls will be automatically url-encoded in IE6 to prevent certain browser-specific bugs.

Note 3: Support for HTML4 browsers (this hash fallback) is optional - why supporting HTML4 browsers could be either good or bad based on my app's use cases

What's the deal with the SUIDs used in the HTML4 States?

• SUIDs (State Unique Identifiers) are used when we utilise a title and/or data in our state. Adding a SUID allows us to associate particular states with data and titles while keeping the urls as simple as possible (don't worry it's all tested, working and a lot smarter than I'm making it out to be).
• If you aren't utilising title or data then we don't even include a SUID (as there is no need for it) - as seen by State 4 above :-)
• We also shrink the urls to make sure that the smallest url will be used. For instance we will adjust http://www.mysite.com/#http://www.mysite.com/projects/History.js to become http://www.mysite.com/#/projects/History.js automatically. (again tested, working, and smarter).
• It works with domains, subdomains, subdirectories, whatever - doesn't matter where you put it. It's smart.
• Safari 5 will also have a SUID appended to the URL, it is entirely transparent but just a visible side-effect. It is required to fix a bug with Safari 5.

Is there a working demo?

• Sure is, give it a download and navigate to the demo directory in your browser :-)
• If you are after something a bit more adventurous than a end-user demo, open up the tests directory in your browser and editor - it'll rock your world and show all the vast use cases that History.js supports.

Download & Installation

• Download History.js and upload it to your webserver. Download links: tar.gz or zip

• Include History.js

  • For jQuery v1.3+

     <script src="http://www.yourwebsite.com/history.js/scripts/bundled/html4+html5/jquery.history.js"></script>

  • For Mootools v1.3+

     <script src="http://www.yourwebsite.com/history.js/scripts/bundled/html4+html5/mootools.history.js"></script>

  • For Right.js v2.2+

     <script src="http://www.yourwebsite.com/history.js/scripts/bundled/html4+html5/right.history.js"></script>

  • For Zepto v0.5+

     <script src="http://www.yourwebsite.com/history.js/scripts/bundled/html4+html5/zepto.history.js"></script>

  • For everything else

     <script src="http://www.yourwebsite.com/history.js/scripts/bundled/html4+html5/native.history.js"></script>

Note: If you want to only support HTML5 Browsers and not HTML4 Browsers (so no hash fallback support) then just change the /html4+html5/ part in the urls to just /html5/. Why supporting HTML4 browsers could be either good or bad based on my app's use cases

Get Updates

• For Commit RSS/Atom Updates:
  • You can subscribe via the GitHub Commit Atom Feed
• For GitHub News Feed Updates:
  • You can click the "watch" button up the top right of History.js's GitHub Project Page

Get Support

• History.js is maintained by people like you. If you find a bug, report it to the GitHub Issue Tracker. If you've fixed a bug submit a Pull Request and add your fork to the Network Wiki Page.

• If you would like paid support and trainings, or have job offers, then refer to the Network Wiki Page. If you are qualified with History.js, then be sure to add your details to that page too.

• If your company uses History.js on your projects, and would like to see it grow and prosper (better documentation, bugfixes, upgrades, maintenance, etc.) and would love to become a corporate sponsor then do email [email protected]

• If you would like free support for History.js, then post your question on Stackoverflow and be sure to use the history.js tag when asking your question.

• If you've created a website that uses History.js, or know of one. Then be sure to add it to the Showcase Wiki Page.

• If you'd love to +1 or like this project, then be sure to tweet about it and click the "watch" button up the top of its Project Page.

• For anything else, refer to the History.js GitHub Wiki Site.

Thanks! every bit of help really does make a difference!

Browsers: Tested and Working In

HTML5 Browsers

• Firefox 4+
• Chrome 8+
• Opera 11.5
• Safari 5.0+
• Safari iOS 4.3+

HTML4 Browsers

• IE 6, 7, 8, 9
• Firefox 3
• Opera 10, 11.0
• Safari 4
• Safari iOS 4.2, 4.1, 4.0, 3.2

Exposed API

Functions

• History.pushState(data,title,url)
  Pushes a new state to the browser; data can be null or an object, title can be null or a string, url must be a string
• History.replaceState(data,title,url)
  Replaces the existing state with a new state to the browser; data can be null or an object, title can be null or a string, url must be a string
• History.getState()
  Gets the current state of the browser, returns an object with data, title and url
• History.getHash()
  Gets the current hash of the browser
• History.Adapter.bind(element,event,callback)
  A framework independent event binder, you may either use this or your framework's native event binder.
• History.Adapter.trigger(element,event)
  A framework independent event trigger, you may either use this or your framework's native event trigger.
• History.Adapter.onDomLoad(callback)
  A framework independent onDomLoad binder, you may either use this or your framework's native onDomLoad binder.
• History.back()
  Go back once through the history (same as hitting the browser's back button)
• History.forward()
  Go forward once through the history (same as hitting the browser's forward button)
• History.go(X)
  If X is negative go back through history X times, if X is positive go forwards through history X times
• History.log(...)
  Logs messages to the console, the log element, and fallbacks to alert if neither of those two exist
• History.debug(...)
  Same as History.log but only runs if History.debug.enable === true

Events

• window.onstatechange
  Fired when the state of the page changes (does not include hash changes)
• window.onanchorchange
  Fired when the anchor of the page changes (does not include state hashes)

Notes on Compatibility

• History.js solves the following browser bugs:
  • HTML5 Browsers
    • Chrome 8 sometimes does not contain the correct state data when traversing back to the initial state
    • Safari 5, Safari iOS 4 and Firefox 3 and 4 do not fire the onhashchange event when the page is loaded with a hash
    • Safari 5 and Safari iOS 4 do not fire the onpopstate event when the hash has changed unlike the other browsers
    • Safari 5 and Safari iOS 4 fail to return to the correct state once a hash is replaced by a replaceState call / bug report
    • Safari 5 and Safari iOS 4 sometimes fail to apply the state change under busy conditions / bug report
    • Google Chrome 8,9,10 and Firefox 4 prior to the RC will always fire onpopstate once the page has loaded / change recommendation
    • Safari iOS 4.0, 4.1, 4.2 have a working HTML5 History API - although the actual back buttons of the browsers do not work, therefore we treat them as HTML4 browsers
    • None of the HTML5 browsers actually utilise the title argument to the pushState and replaceState calls
  • HTML4 Browsers
    • Old browsers like MSIE 6,7 and Firefox 2 do not have a onhashchange event
    • MSIE 6 and 7 sometimes do not apply a hash even it was told to (requiring a second call to the apply function)
    • Non-Opera HTML4 browsers sometimes do not apply the hash when the hash is not urlencoded
  • All Browsers
    • State data and titles do not persist once the site is left and then returned (includes page refreshes)
    • State titles are never applied to the document.title
• ReplaceState functionality is emulated in HTML4 browsers by discarding the replaced state, so when the discarded state is accessed it is skipped using the appropriate History.back() / History.forward() call
• Data persistance and synchronisation works like so: Every second or so, the SUIDs and URLs of the states will synchronise between the store and the local session. When a new session opens a familiar state (via the SUID or the URL) and it is not found locally then it will attempt to load the last known stored state with that information.
• URLs will be unescaped to the maximum, so for instance the URL ?key=a%20b%252c will become ?key=a b c. This is to ensure consistency between browser url encodings.
• Changing the hash of the page causes onpopstate to fire (this is expected/standard functionality). To ensure correct compatibility between HTML5 and HTML4 browsers the following events have been created:
  • window.onstatechange: this is the same as the onpopstate event except it does not fire for traditional anchors
  • window.onanchorchange: this is the same as the onhashchange event except it does not fire for states
• Known Issues
  • Opera 11 fails to create history entries when under stressful loads (events fire perfectly, just the history events fail) - there is nothing we can do about this
  • Mercury iOS fails to apply url changes (hashes and HTML5 History API states) - there is nothing we can do about this

History

You can discover the history inside the History.md file

License

Licensed under the New BSD License
Copyright © 2011-2012 Benjamin Arthur Lupton