diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index a689b08b324..fa73f18c675 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.10.0
 	go.etcd.io/bbolt v1.3.11
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.30.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.31.0
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20241108190413-2d47ceb2692f
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.10.0
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index a6e8cce2301..ae3c8eb16cc 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -394,8 +394,8 @@ go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v1.3.1/go.mod h1:0X1WI4de4ZsLrrJNLAQbFeLCm3T7yBkR
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190308221718-c2843e01d9a2/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACkg1iLfiJU5Ep61QUkGW8qpdssI0+w=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20191011191535-87dc89f01550/go.mod h1:yigFU9vqHzYiE8UmvKecakEJjdnWj3jj499lnFckfCI=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200622213623-75b288015ac9/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.30.0 h1:RwoQn3GkWiMkzlX562cLB7OxWvjH1L8xutO2WoJcRoY=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.30.0/go.mod h1:kDsLvtWBEx7MV9tJOj9bnXsPbxwJQ6csT/x4KIN4Ssk=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.31.0 h1:ihbySMvVjLAeSH1IbfcRTkD/iNscyz8rGzjF/E5hV6U=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.31.0/go.mod h1:kDsLvtWBEx7MV9tJOj9bnXsPbxwJQ6csT/x4KIN4Ssk=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20241108190413-2d47ceb2692f h1:XdNn9LlyWAhLVp6P/i8QYBW+hlyhrhei9uErw2B5GJo=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20241108190413-2d47ceb2692f/go.mod h1:D5SMRVC3C2/4+F/DB1wZsLRnSNimn2Sp/NPsCrsv8ak=
diff --git a/vendor/golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/server.go b/vendor/golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/server.go
index c0d1c29e6f9..5b5ccd96f45 100644
--- a/vendor/golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/server.go
+++ b/vendor/golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/server.go
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ func (s *ServerConfig) AddHostKey(key Signer) {
 }
 
 // cachedPubKey contains the results of querying whether a public key is
-// acceptable for a user.
+// acceptable for a user. This is a FIFO cache.
 type cachedPubKey struct {
 	user       string
 	pubKeyData []byte
@@ -157,7 +157,13 @@ type cachedPubKey struct {
 	perms      *Permissions
 }
 
-const maxCachedPubKeys = 16
+// maxCachedPubKeys is the number of cache entries we store.
+//
+// Due to consistent misuse of the PublicKeyCallback API, we have reduced this
+// to 1, such that the only key in the cache is the most recently seen one. This
+// forces the behavior that the last call to PublicKeyCallback will always be
+// with the key that is used for authentication.
+const maxCachedPubKeys = 1
 
 // pubKeyCache caches tests for public keys.  Since SSH clients
 // will query whether a public key is acceptable before attempting to
@@ -179,9 +185,10 @@ func (c *pubKeyCache) get(user string, pubKeyData []byte) (cachedPubKey, bool) {
 
 // add adds the given tuple to the cache.
 func (c *pubKeyCache) add(candidate cachedPubKey) {
-	if len(c.keys) < maxCachedPubKeys {
-		c.keys = append(c.keys, candidate)
+	if len(c.keys) >= maxCachedPubKeys {
+		c.keys = c.keys[1:]
 	}
+	c.keys = append(c.keys, candidate)
 }
 
 // ServerConn is an authenticated SSH connection, as seen from the
diff --git a/vendor/modules.txt b/vendor/modules.txt
index bd2e5494fe9..00ad4405a18 100644
--- a/vendor/modules.txt
+++ b/vendor/modules.txt
@@ -730,7 +730,7 @@ go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric/embedded
 ## explicit; go 1.21
 go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace
 go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace/embedded
-# golang.org/x/crypto v0.30.0
+# golang.org/x/crypto v0.31.0
 ## explicit; go 1.20
 golang.org/x/crypto/argon2
 golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt