diff --git a/lib/src/crypto.dart b/lib/src/crypto.dart
index bf0bc1e..ebb751d 100644
--- a/lib/src/crypto.dart
+++ b/lib/src/crypto.dart
@@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ export './crypto/secp256k1.dart';
 export './crypto/key_manager.dart';
 export './crypto/algorithm_id.dart';
 export './crypto/in_memory_key_manager.dart';
+export './crypto/bip39/bip39.dart';
diff --git a/lib/src/crypto/bip39/bip39.dart b/lib/src/crypto/bip39/bip39.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a0e947e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/src/crypto/bip39/bip39.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+import 'dart:math';
+import 'dart:typed_data';
+
+import 'package:cryptography/dart.dart';
+import 'package:web5/src/crypto/bip39/wordlists/english.dart';
+import 'package:web5/src/crypto/bip39/pbkdf2.dart';
+
+class Bip39 {
+  static const int _sizeByte = 255;
+  static const _sha256 = DartSha256();
+
+  static int _binaryToByte(String binary) => int.parse(binary, radix: 2);
+
+  static String _bytesToBinary(Uint8List bytes) =>
+      bytes.map((byte) => byte.toRadixString(2).padLeft(8, '0')).join('');
+
+  static _deriveChecksumBits(Uint8List entropy) {
+    final checksumLengthBits = (entropy.length * 8) ~/ 32;
+    final hash = Uint8List.fromList(_sha256.hashSync(entropy).bytes);
+
+    return _bytesToBinary(hash).substring(0, checksumLengthBits);
+  }
+
+  static Uint8List _defaultRandomBytes(int size) {
+    final rng = Random.secure();
+    return Uint8List.fromList(
+      List.generate(size, (_) => rng.nextInt(_sizeByte)),
+    );
+  }
+
+  static List<String> generateMnemonic({
+    int strength = 128,
+    Uint8List Function(int) randomBytes = _defaultRandomBytes,
+  }) {
+    assert(strength % 32 == 0);
+
+    final entropy = randomBytes(strength ~/ 8);
+    return entropyToMnemonic(entropy);
+  }
+
+  static List<String> entropyToMnemonic(Uint8List entropy) {
+    if (entropy.length < 16 || entropy.length > 32 || entropy.length % 4 != 0) {
+      throw InvalidEntropyException('entropy ');
+    }
+
+    final entropyBits = _bytesToBinary(Uint8List.fromList(entropy));
+    final checksumBits = _deriveChecksumBits(Uint8List.fromList(entropy));
+    final bits = '$entropyBits$checksumBits';
+
+    final regex = RegExp(r'.{1,11}');
+    final chunks = regex
+        .allMatches(bits)
+        .map((match) => match.group(0)!)
+        .toList(growable: false);
+
+    return chunks.map((binary) => WORDLIST[_binaryToByte(binary)]).toList();
+  }
+
+  static Future<Uint8List> mnemonicToSeed(
+    List<String> mnemonic, {
+    String passphrase = '',
+    int desiredKeyLength = 64,
+  }) async {
+    final pbkdf2 = Pbkdf2(desiredKeyLength: desiredKeyLength);
+    return pbkdf2.process(mnemonic.join(' '), passphrase: passphrase);
+  }
+
+  static bool validateMnemonic(List<String> mnemonic) {
+    try {
+      mnemonicToEntropy(mnemonic);
+      return true;
+    } catch (e) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  static Uint8List mnemonicToEntropy(List<String> mnemonic) {
+    if (mnemonic.length % 3 != 0) {
+      throw InvalidMnemonicException();
+    }
+
+    final bits = mnemonic.map((word) {
+      final index = WORDLIST.indexOf(word);
+      if (index == -1) {
+        throw InvalidMnemonicException();
+      }
+      return index.toRadixString(2).padLeft(11, '0');
+    }).join('');
+
+    final dividerIndex = (bits.length / 33).floor() * 32;
+    final entropyBits = bits.substring(0, dividerIndex);
+    final checksumBits = bits.substring(dividerIndex);
+
+    final regex = RegExp(r'.{1,8}');
+    final groupedBits = regex
+        .allMatches(entropyBits)
+        .map((match) => _binaryToByte(match.group(0)!))
+        .toList(growable: false);
+
+    final entropyBytes = Uint8List.fromList(groupedBits);
+
+    if (entropyBytes.length < 16 ||
+        entropyBytes.length > 32 ||
+        entropyBytes.length % 4 != 0) {
+      throw InvalidEntropyException();
+    }
+
+    final newChecksum = _deriveChecksumBits(entropyBytes);
+    if (newChecksum != checksumBits) {
+      throw InvalidChecksumException();
+    }
+
+    return entropyBytes;
+  }
+}
+
+class InvalidMnemonicException implements Exception {
+  final String message;
+  InvalidMnemonicException([this.message = 'Invalid mnemonic']);
+  @override
+  String toString() => 'InvalidMnemonicException: $message';
+}
+
+class InvalidEntropyException implements Exception {
+  final String message;
+  InvalidEntropyException([this.message = 'Invalid entropy']);
+  @override
+  String toString() => 'InvalidEntropyException: $message';
+}
+
+class InvalidChecksumException implements Exception {
+  final String message;
+  InvalidChecksumException([this.message = 'Invalid mnemonic checksum']);
+  @override
+  String toString() => 'InvalidChecksumException: $message';
+}
diff --git a/lib/src/crypto/bip39/pbkdf2.dart b/lib/src/crypto/bip39/pbkdf2.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8aa9366
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/src/crypto/bip39/pbkdf2.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import 'dart:convert';
+import 'dart:typed_data';
+
+import 'package:pointycastle/digests/sha512.dart';
+import 'package:pointycastle/key_derivators/api.dart' show Pbkdf2Parameters;
+import 'package:pointycastle/key_derivators/pbkdf2.dart';
+import 'package:pointycastle/macs/hmac.dart';
+
+class Pbkdf2 {
+  static const int defaultBlockLength = 128;
+  static const int defaultIterationCount = 2048;
+  static const int defaultDesiredKeyLength = 64;
+  static const String saltPrefix = 'mnemonic';
+
+  final int blockLength;
+  final int iterationCount;
+  final int desiredKeyLength;
+  late final PBKDF2KeyDerivator _derivator;
+
+  Pbkdf2({
+    this.blockLength = defaultBlockLength,
+    this.iterationCount = defaultIterationCount,
+    this.desiredKeyLength = defaultDesiredKeyLength,
+  }) {
+    _derivator = PBKDF2KeyDerivator(HMac(SHA512Digest(), blockLength));
+  }
+
+  Uint8List process(String mnemonic, {String passphrase = ''}) {
+    final salt = Uint8List.fromList(utf8.encode('$saltPrefix$passphrase'));
+    _derivator.reset();
+    _derivator.init(Pbkdf2Parameters(salt, iterationCount, desiredKeyLength));
+    return _derivator.process(Uint8List.fromList(utf8.encode(mnemonic)));
+  }
+}
diff --git a/lib/src/crypto/bip39/wordlists/english.dart b/lib/src/crypto/bip39/wordlists/english.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d0ea51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/src/crypto/bip39/wordlists/english.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,2050 @@
+const WORDLIST = [
+  'abandon',
+  'ability',
+  'able',
+  'about',
+  'above',
+  'absent',
+  'absorb',
+  'abstract',
+  'absurd',
+  'abuse',
+  'access',
+  'accident',
+  'account',
+  'accuse',
+  'achieve',
+  'acid',
+  'acoustic',
+  'acquire',
+  'across',
+  'act',
+  'action',
+  'actor',
+  'actress',
+  'actual',
+  'adapt',
+  'add',
+  'addict',
+  'address',
+  'adjust',
+  'admit',
+  'adult',
+  'advance',
+  'advice',
+  'aerobic',
+  'affair',
+  'afford',
+  'afraid',
+  'again',
+  'age',
+  'agent',
+  'agree',
+  'ahead',
+  'aim',
+  'air',
+  'airport',
+  'aisle',
+  'alarm',
+  'album',
+  'alcohol',
+  'alert',
+  'alien',
+  'all',
+  'alley',
+  'allow',
+  'almost',
+  'alone',
+  'alpha',
+  'already',
+  'also',
+  'alter',
+  'always',
+  'amateur',
+  'amazing',
+  'among',
+  'amount',
+  'amused',
+  'analyst',
+  'anchor',
+  'ancient',
+  'anger',
+  'angle',
+  'angry',
+  'animal',
+  'ankle',
+  'announce',
+  'annual',
+  'another',
+  'answer',
+  'antenna',
+  'antique',
+  'anxiety',
+  'any',
+  'apart',
+  'apology',
+  'appear',
+  'apple',
+  'approve',
+  'april',
+  'arch',
+  'arctic',
+  'area',
+  'arena',
+  'argue',
+  'arm',
+  'armed',
+  'armor',
+  'army',
+  'around',
+  'arrange',
+  'arrest',
+  'arrive',
+  'arrow',
+  'art',
+  'artefact',
+  'artist',
+  'artwork',
+  'ask',
+  'aspect',
+  'assault',
+  'asset',
+  'assist',
+  'assume',
+  'asthma',
+  'athlete',
+  'atom',
+  'attack',
+  'attend',
+  'attitude',
+  'attract',
+  'auction',
+  'audit',
+  'august',
+  'aunt',
+  'author',
+  'auto',
+  'autumn',
+  'average',
+  'avocado',
+  'avoid',
+  'awake',
+  'aware',
+  'away',
+  'awesome',
+  'awful',
+  'awkward',
+  'axis',
+  'baby',
+  'bachelor',
+  'bacon',
+  'badge',
+  'bag',
+  'balance',
+  'balcony',
+  'ball',
+  'bamboo',
+  'banana',
+  'banner',
+  'bar',
+  'barely',
+  'bargain',
+  'barrel',
+  'base',
+  'basic',
+  'basket',
+  'battle',
+  'beach',
+  'bean',
+  'beauty',
+  'because',
+  'become',
+  'beef',
+  'before',
+  'begin',
+  'behave',
+  'behind',
+  'believe',
+  'below',
+  'belt',
+  'bench',
+  'benefit',
+  'best',
+  'betray',
+  'better',
+  'between',
+  'beyond',
+  'bicycle',
+  'bid',
+  'bike',
+  'bind',
+  'biology',
+  'bird',
+  'birth',
+  'bitter',
+  'black',
+  'blade',
+  'blame',
+  'blanket',
+  'blast',
+  'bleak',
+  'bless',
+  'blind',
+  'blood',
+  'blossom',
+  'blouse',
+  'blue',
+  'blur',
+  'blush',
+  'board',
+  'boat',
+  'body',
+  'boil',
+  'bomb',
+  'bone',
+  'bonus',
+  'book',
+  'boost',
+  'border',
+  'boring',
+  'borrow',
+  'boss',
+  'bottom',
+  'bounce',
+  'box',
+  'boy',
+  'bracket',
+  'brain',
+  'brand',
+  'brass',
+  'brave',
+  'bread',
+  'breeze',
+  'brick',
+  'bridge',
+  'brief',
+  'bright',
+  'bring',
+  'brisk',
+  'broccoli',
+  'broken',
+  'bronze',
+  'broom',
+  'brother',
+  'brown',
+  'brush',
+  'bubble',
+  'buddy',
+  'budget',
+  'buffalo',
+  'build',
+  'bulb',
+  'bulk',
+  'bullet',
+  'bundle',
+  'bunker',
+  'burden',
+  'burger',
+  'burst',
+  'bus',
+  'business',
+  'busy',
+  'butter',
+  'buyer',
+  'buzz',
+  'cabbage',
+  'cabin',
+  'cable',
+  'cactus',
+  'cage',
+  'cake',
+  'call',
+  'calm',
+  'camera',
+  'camp',
+  'can',
+  'canal',
+  'cancel',
+  'candy',
+  'cannon',
+  'canoe',
+  'canvas',
+  'canyon',
+  'capable',
+  'capital',
+  'captain',
+  'car',
+  'carbon',
+  'card',
+  'cargo',
+  'carpet',
+  'carry',
+  'cart',
+  'case',
+  'cash',
+  'casino',
+  'castle',
+  'casual',
+  'cat',
+  'catalog',
+  'catch',
+  'category',
+  'cattle',
+  'caught',
+  'cause',
+  'caution',
+  'cave',
+  'ceiling',
+  'celery',
+  'cement',
+  'census',
+  'century',
+  'cereal',
+  'certain',
+  'chair',
+  'chalk',
+  'champion',
+  'change',
+  'chaos',
+  'chapter',
+  'charge',
+  'chase',
+  'chat',
+  'cheap',
+  'check',
+  'cheese',
+  'chef',
+  'cherry',
+  'chest',
+  'chicken',
+  'chief',
+  'child',
+  'chimney',
+  'choice',
+  'choose',
+  'chronic',
+  'chuckle',
+  'chunk',
+  'churn',
+  'cigar',
+  'cinnamon',
+  'circle',
+  'citizen',
+  'city',
+  'civil',
+  'claim',
+  'clap',
+  'clarify',
+  'claw',
+  'clay',
+  'clean',
+  'clerk',
+  'clever',
+  'click',
+  'client',
+  'cliff',
+  'climb',
+  'clinic',
+  'clip',
+  'clock',
+  'clog',
+  'close',
+  'cloth',
+  'cloud',
+  'clown',
+  'club',
+  'clump',
+  'cluster',
+  'clutch',
+  'coach',
+  'coast',
+  'coconut',
+  'code',
+  'coffee',
+  'coil',
+  'coin',
+  'collect',
+  'color',
+  'column',
+  'combine',
+  'come',
+  'comfort',
+  'comic',
+  'common',
+  'company',
+  'concert',
+  'conduct',
+  'confirm',
+  'congress',
+  'connect',
+  'consider',
+  'control',
+  'convince',
+  'cook',
+  'cool',
+  'copper',
+  'copy',
+  'coral',
+  'core',
+  'corn',
+  'correct',
+  'cost',
+  'cotton',
+  'couch',
+  'country',
+  'couple',
+  'course',
+  'cousin',
+  'cover',
+  'coyote',
+  'crack',
+  'cradle',
+  'craft',
+  'cram',
+  'crane',
+  'crash',
+  'crater',
+  'crawl',
+  'crazy',
+  'cream',
+  'credit',
+  'creek',
+  'crew',
+  'cricket',
+  'crime',
+  'crisp',
+  'critic',
+  'crop',
+  'cross',
+  'crouch',
+  'crowd',
+  'crucial',
+  'cruel',
+  'cruise',
+  'crumble',
+  'crunch',
+  'crush',
+  'cry',
+  'crystal',
+  'cube',
+  'culture',
+  'cup',
+  'cupboard',
+  'curious',
+  'current',
+  'curtain',
+  'curve',
+  'cushion',
+  'custom',
+  'cute',
+  'cycle',
+  'dad',
+  'damage',
+  'damp',
+  'dance',
+  'danger',
+  'daring',
+  'dash',
+  'daughter',
+  'dawn',
+  'day',
+  'deal',
+  'debate',
+  'debris',
+  'decade',
+  'december',
+  'decide',
+  'decline',
+  'decorate',
+  'decrease',
+  'deer',
+  'defense',
+  'define',
+  'defy',
+  'degree',
+  'delay',
+  'deliver',
+  'demand',
+  'demise',
+  'denial',
+  'dentist',
+  'deny',
+  'depart',
+  'depend',
+  'deposit',
+  'depth',
+  'deputy',
+  'derive',
+  'describe',
+  'desert',
+  'design',
+  'desk',
+  'despair',
+  'destroy',
+  'detail',
+  'detect',
+  'develop',
+  'device',
+  'devote',
+  'diagram',
+  'dial',
+  'diamond',
+  'diary',
+  'dice',
+  'diesel',
+  'diet',
+  'differ',
+  'digital',
+  'dignity',
+  'dilemma',
+  'dinner',
+  'dinosaur',
+  'direct',
+  'dirt',
+  'disagree',
+  'discover',
+  'disease',
+  'dish',
+  'dismiss',
+  'disorder',
+  'display',
+  'distance',
+  'divert',
+  'divide',
+  'divorce',
+  'dizzy',
+  'doctor',
+  'document',
+  'dog',
+  'doll',
+  'dolphin',
+  'domain',
+  'donate',
+  'donkey',
+  'donor',
+  'door',
+  'dose',
+  'double',
+  'dove',
+  'draft',
+  'dragon',
+  'drama',
+  'drastic',
+  'draw',
+  'dream',
+  'dress',
+  'drift',
+  'drill',
+  'drink',
+  'drip',
+  'drive',
+  'drop',
+  'drum',
+  'dry',
+  'duck',
+  'dumb',
+  'dune',
+  'during',
+  'dust',
+  'dutch',
+  'duty',
+  'dwarf',
+  'dynamic',
+  'eager',
+  'eagle',
+  'early',
+  'earn',
+  'earth',
+  'easily',
+  'east',
+  'easy',
+  'echo',
+  'ecology',
+  'economy',
+  'edge',
+  'edit',
+  'educate',
+  'effort',
+  'egg',
+  'eight',
+  'either',
+  'elbow',
+  'elder',
+  'electric',
+  'elegant',
+  'element',
+  'elephant',
+  'elevator',
+  'elite',
+  'else',
+  'embark',
+  'embody',
+  'embrace',
+  'emerge',
+  'emotion',
+  'employ',
+  'empower',
+  'empty',
+  'enable',
+  'enact',
+  'end',
+  'endless',
+  'endorse',
+  'enemy',
+  'energy',
+  'enforce',
+  'engage',
+  'engine',
+  'enhance',
+  'enjoy',
+  'enlist',
+  'enough',
+  'enrich',
+  'enroll',
+  'ensure',
+  'enter',
+  'entire',
+  'entry',
+  'envelope',
+  'episode',
+  'equal',
+  'equip',
+  'era',
+  'erase',
+  'erode',
+  'erosion',
+  'error',
+  'erupt',
+  'escape',
+  'essay',
+  'essence',
+  'estate',
+  'eternal',
+  'ethics',
+  'evidence',
+  'evil',
+  'evoke',
+  'evolve',
+  'exact',
+  'example',
+  'excess',
+  'exchange',
+  'excite',
+  'exclude',
+  'excuse',
+  'execute',
+  'exercise',
+  'exhaust',
+  'exhibit',
+  'exile',
+  'exist',
+  'exit',
+  'exotic',
+  'expand',
+  'expect',
+  'expire',
+  'explain',
+  'expose',
+  'express',
+  'extend',
+  'extra',
+  'eye',
+  'eyebrow',
+  'fabric',
+  'face',
+  'faculty',
+  'fade',
+  'faint',
+  'faith',
+  'fall',
+  'false',
+  'fame',
+  'family',
+  'famous',
+  'fan',
+  'fancy',
+  'fantasy',
+  'farm',
+  'fashion',
+  'fat',
+  'fatal',
+  'father',
+  'fatigue',
+  'fault',
+  'favorite',
+  'feature',
+  'february',
+  'federal',
+  'fee',
+  'feed',
+  'feel',
+  'female',
+  'fence',
+  'festival',
+  'fetch',
+  'fever',
+  'few',
+  'fiber',
+  'fiction',
+  'field',
+  'figure',
+  'file',
+  'film',
+  'filter',
+  'final',
+  'find',
+  'fine',
+  'finger',
+  'finish',
+  'fire',
+  'firm',
+  'first',
+  'fiscal',
+  'fish',
+  'fit',
+  'fitness',
+  'fix',
+  'flag',
+  'flame',
+  'flash',
+  'flat',
+  'flavor',
+  'flee',
+  'flight',
+  'flip',
+  'float',
+  'flock',
+  'floor',
+  'flower',
+  'fluid',
+  'flush',
+  'fly',
+  'foam',
+  'focus',
+  'fog',
+  'foil',
+  'fold',
+  'follow',
+  'food',
+  'foot',
+  'force',
+  'forest',
+  'forget',
+  'fork',
+  'fortune',
+  'forum',
+  'forward',
+  'fossil',
+  'foster',
+  'found',
+  'fox',
+  'fragile',
+  'frame',
+  'frequent',
+  'fresh',
+  'friend',
+  'fringe',
+  'frog',
+  'front',
+  'frost',
+  'frown',
+  'frozen',
+  'fruit',
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+  'total',
+  'tourist',
+  'toward',
+  'tower',
+  'town',
+  'toy',
+  'track',
+  'trade',
+  'traffic',
+  'tragic',
+  'train',
+  'transfer',
+  'trap',
+  'trash',
+  'travel',
+  'tray',
+  'treat',
+  'tree',
+  'trend',
+  'trial',
+  'tribe',
+  'trick',
+  'trigger',
+  'trim',
+  'trip',
+  'trophy',
+  'trouble',
+  'truck',
+  'true',
+  'truly',
+  'trumpet',
+  'trust',
+  'truth',
+  'try',
+  'tube',
+  'tuition',
+  'tumble',
+  'tuna',
+  'tunnel',
+  'turkey',
+  'turn',
+  'turtle',
+  'twelve',
+  'twenty',
+  'twice',
+  'twin',
+  'twist',
+  'two',
+  'type',
+  'typical',
+  'ugly',
+  'umbrella',
+  'unable',
+  'unaware',
+  'uncle',
+  'uncover',
+  'under',
+  'undo',
+  'unfair',
+  'unfold',
+  'unhappy',
+  'uniform',
+  'unique',
+  'unit',
+  'universe',
+  'unknown',
+  'unlock',
+  'until',
+  'unusual',
+  'unveil',
+  'update',
+  'upgrade',
+  'uphold',
+  'upon',
+  'upper',
+  'upset',
+  'urban',
+  'urge',
+  'usage',
+  'use',
+  'used',
+  'useful',
+  'useless',
+  'usual',
+  'utility',
+  'vacant',
+  'vacuum',
+  'vague',
+  'valid',
+  'valley',
+  'valve',
+  'van',
+  'vanish',
+  'vapor',
+  'various',
+  'vast',
+  'vault',
+  'vehicle',
+  'velvet',
+  'vendor',
+  'venture',
+  'venue',
+  'verb',
+  'verify',
+  'version',
+  'very',
+  'vessel',
+  'veteran',
+  'viable',
+  'vibrant',
+  'vicious',
+  'victory',
+  'video',
+  'view',
+  'village',
+  'vintage',
+  'violin',
+  'virtual',
+  'virus',
+  'visa',
+  'visit',
+  'visual',
+  'vital',
+  'vivid',
+  'vocal',
+  'voice',
+  'void',
+  'volcano',
+  'volume',
+  'vote',
+  'voyage',
+  'wage',
+  'wagon',
+  'wait',
+  'walk',
+  'wall',
+  'walnut',
+  'want',
+  'warfare',
+  'warm',
+  'warrior',
+  'wash',
+  'wasp',
+  'waste',
+  'water',
+  'wave',
+  'way',
+  'wealth',
+  'weapon',
+  'wear',
+  'weasel',
+  'weather',
+  'web',
+  'wedding',
+  'weekend',
+  'weird',
+  'welcome',
+  'west',
+  'wet',
+  'whale',
+  'what',
+  'wheat',
+  'wheel',
+  'when',
+  'where',
+  'whip',
+  'whisper',
+  'wide',
+  'width',
+  'wife',
+  'wild',
+  'will',
+  'win',
+  'window',
+  'wine',
+  'wing',
+  'wink',
+  'winner',
+  'winter',
+  'wire',
+  'wisdom',
+  'wise',
+  'wish',
+  'witness',
+  'wolf',
+  'woman',
+  'wonder',
+  'wood',
+  'wool',
+  'word',
+  'work',
+  'world',
+  'worry',
+  'worth',
+  'wrap',
+  'wreck',
+  'wrestle',
+  'wrist',
+  'write',
+  'wrong',
+  'yard',
+  'year',
+  'yellow',
+  'you',
+  'young',
+  'youth',
+  'zebra',
+  'zero',
+  'zone',
+  'zoo',
+];
diff --git a/lib/src/crypto/ed25519.dart b/lib/src/crypto/ed25519.dart
index db03d1e..5bb4b54 100644
--- a/lib/src/crypto/ed25519.dart
+++ b/lib/src/crypto/ed25519.dart
@@ -35,8 +35,14 @@ class Ed25519 {
     return publicKeyJwk;
   }
 
-  static Future<Jwk> generatePrivateKey() async {
-    final keyPair = await ed25519.newKeyPair();
+  static Future<Jwk> generatePrivateKey({Uint8List? seed}) async {
+    crypto.SimpleKeyPair keyPair;
+
+    if (seed == null) {
+      keyPair = await ed25519.newKeyPair();
+    } else {
+      keyPair = await ed25519.newKeyPairFromSeed(seed);
+    }
 
     final privateKeyBytes = await keyPair.extractPrivateKeyBytes();
     final publicKey = await keyPair.extractPublicKey();
diff --git a/test/crypto/bip39/bip39_test.dart b/test/crypto/bip39/bip39_test.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a34ef6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/crypto/bip39/bip39_test.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+import 'dart:convert';
+import 'dart:io';
+import 'dart:typed_data';
+
+import 'package:web5/web5.dart';
+import 'package:test/test.dart';
+import 'package:convert/convert.dart';
+
+void main() {
+  final vectorPath = '${Directory.current.path}/test/crypto/bip39/vectors.json';
+  final Map<String, dynamic> vectors =
+      json.decode(File(vectorPath).readAsStringSync(encoding: utf8));
+
+  int i = 0;
+  for (var list in (vectors['english'] as List<dynamic>)) {
+    testVector(list, i);
+    i++;
+  }
+
+  group('invalid entropy', () {
+    test('throws for empty entropy', () {
+      expect(
+        () => Bip39.entropyToMnemonic(Uint8List(0)),
+        throwsA(isA<InvalidEntropyException>()),
+      );
+    });
+
+    test('throws for entropy that\'s not a multiple of 4 bytes', () async {
+      expect(
+        () => Bip39.entropyToMnemonic(Uint8List(6)),
+        throwsA(isA<InvalidEntropyException>()),
+      );
+    });
+
+    test('throws for entropy that is larger than 32 bytes', () async {
+      expect(
+        () => Bip39.entropyToMnemonic(Uint8List(33)),
+        throwsA(isA<InvalidEntropyException>()),
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  test('validateMnemonic', () {
+    expect(
+      Bip39.validateMnemonic(['sleep', 'kitten']),
+      isFalse,
+      reason: 'fails for a mnemonic that is too short',
+    );
+
+    expect(
+      Bip39.validateMnemonic(
+        ['sleep', 'kitten', 'sleep', 'kitten', 'sleep', 'kitten'],
+      ),
+      isFalse,
+      reason: 'fails for a mnemonic that is too short',
+    );
+
+    expect(
+      Bip39.validateMnemonic(
+        [
+          'turtle',
+          'front',
+          'uncle',
+          'idea',
+          'crush',
+          'write',
+          'shrug',
+          'there',
+          'lottery',
+          'flower',
+          'risky',
+          'shell',
+        ],
+      ),
+      isFalse,
+      reason: 'fails if mnemonic words are not in the word list',
+    );
+
+    expect(
+      Bip39.validateMnemonic(
+        [
+          'sleep',
+          'kitten',
+          'sleep',
+          'kitten',
+          'sleep',
+          'kitten',
+          'sleep',
+          'kitten',
+          'sleep',
+          'kitten',
+          'sleep',
+          'kitten',
+        ],
+      ),
+      isFalse,
+      reason: 'fails for invalid checksum',
+    );
+  });
+
+  group('generateMnemonic', () {
+    test('can vary entropy length', () async {
+      final words = Bip39.generateMnemonic(strength: 160);
+      expect(
+        words.length,
+        equals(15),
+        reason: 'can vary generated entropy bit length',
+      );
+    });
+
+    test('requests the exact amount of data from an RNG', () {
+      Bip39.generateMnemonic(
+        strength: 160,
+        randomBytes: (int size) {
+          expect(size, 160 ~/ 8);
+          return Uint8List(size);
+        },
+      );
+    });
+  });
+}
+
+void testVector(List<dynamic> v, int i) {
+  final ventropy = v[0];
+  final vmnemonic = v[1].split(' ');
+  final vseedHex = v[2];
+
+  group('for English($i), $ventropy', () {
+    test('mnemonic to entropy', () {
+      final entropy = Bip39.mnemonicToEntropy(vmnemonic);
+      expect(hex.encode(entropy), equals(ventropy));
+    });
+
+    test('mnemonic to seed hex', () async {
+      final seedHex = hex
+          .encode(await Bip39.mnemonicToSeed(vmnemonic, passphrase: 'TREZOR'));
+      expect(seedHex, equals(vseedHex));
+    });
+
+    test('entropy to mnemonic', () {
+      final code = Bip39.entropyToMnemonic(
+        Uint8List.fromList(hex.decode(ventropy)),
+      );
+      expect(code, equals(vmnemonic));
+    });
+
+    test('generate mnemonic', () {
+      final code = Bip39.generateMnemonic(
+        randomBytes: (int size) => Uint8List.fromList(hex.decode(ventropy)),
+      );
+      expect(
+        code,
+        equals(vmnemonic),
+        reason: 'generateMnemonic returns randomBytes entropy unmodified',
+      );
+    });
+
+    test('validate mnemonic', () async {
+      expect(
+        Bip39.validateMnemonic(vmnemonic),
+        isTrue,
+        reason: 'validateMnemonic returns true',
+      );
+    });
+  });
+}
diff --git a/test/crypto/bip39/vectors.json b/test/crypto/bip39/vectors.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbe460b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/crypto/bip39/vectors.json
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+{
+  "english": [
+    [
+      "00000000000000000000000000000000",
+      "abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon about",
+      "c55257c360c07c72029aebc1b53c05ed0362ada38ead3e3e9efa3708e53495531f09a6987599d18264c1e1c92f2cf141630c7a3c4ab7c81b2f001698e7463b04",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K3h3fDYiay8mocZ3afhfULfb5GX8kCBdno77K4HiA15Tg23wpbeF1pLfs1c5SPmYHrEpTuuRhxMwvKDwqdKiGJS9XFKzUsAF"
+    ],
+    [
+      "7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f",
+      "legal winner thank year wave sausage worth useful legal winner thank yellow",
+      "2e8905819b8723fe2c1d161860e5ee1830318dbf49a83bd451cfb8440c28bd6fa457fe1296106559a3c80937a1c1069be3a3a5bd381ee6260e8d9739fce1f607",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K2gA81bYFHqU68xz1cX2APaSq5tt6MFSLeXnCKV1RVUJt9FWNTbrrryem4ZckN8k4Ls1H6nwdvDTvnV7zEXs2HgPezuVccsq"
+    ],
+    [
+      "80808080808080808080808080808080",
+      "letter advice cage absurd amount doctor acoustic avoid letter advice cage above",
+      "d71de856f81a8acc65e6fc851a38d4d7ec216fd0796d0a6827a3ad6ed5511a30fa280f12eb2e47ed2ac03b5c462a0358d18d69fe4f985ec81778c1b370b652a8",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K2shfP28KM3nr5Ap1SXjz8gc2rAqqMEynmjt6o1qboCDpxckqXavCwdnYds6yBHZGKHv7ef2eTXy461PXUjBFQg6PrwY4Gzq"
+    ],
+    [
+      "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff",
+      "zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo wrong",
+      "ac27495480225222079d7be181583751e86f571027b0497b5b5d11218e0a8a13332572917f0f8e5a589620c6f15b11c61dee327651a14c34e18231052e48c069",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K2V4oox4M8Zmhi2Fjx5XK4Lf7GKRvPSgydU3mjZuKGCTg7UPiBUD7ydVPvSLtg9hjp7MQTYsW67rZHAXeccqYqrsx8LcXnyd"
+    ],
+    [
+      "000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+      "abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon agent",
+      "035895f2f481b1b0f01fcf8c289c794660b289981a78f8106447707fdd9666ca06da5a9a565181599b79f53b844d8a71dd9f439c52a3d7b3e8a79c906ac845fa",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K3mEDrypcZ2usWqFgzKB6jBBx9B6GfC7fu26X6hPRzVjzkqkPvDqp6g5eypdk6cyhGnBngbjeHTe4LsuLG1cCmKJka5SMkmU"
+    ],
+    [
+      "7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f",
+      "legal winner thank year wave sausage worth useful legal winner thank year wave sausage worth useful legal will",
+      "f2b94508732bcbacbcc020faefecfc89feafa6649a5491b8c952cede496c214a0c7b3c392d168748f2d4a612bada0753b52a1c7ac53c1e93abd5c6320b9e95dd",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K3Lv9MZLj16np5GzLe7tDKQfVusBni7toqJGcnKRtHSxUwbKUyUWiwpK55g1DUSsw76TF1T93VT4gz4wt5RM23pkaQLnvBh7"
+    ],
+    [
+      "808080808080808080808080808080808080808080808080",
+      "letter advice cage absurd amount doctor acoustic avoid letter advice cage absurd amount doctor acoustic avoid letter always",
+      "107d7c02a5aa6f38c58083ff74f04c607c2d2c0ecc55501dadd72d025b751bc27fe913ffb796f841c49b1d33b610cf0e91d3aa239027f5e99fe4ce9e5088cd65",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K3VPCbxbUtpkh9pRG371UCLDz3BjceqP1jz7XZsQ5EnNkYAEkfeZp62cDNj13ZTEVG1TEro9sZ9grfRmcYWLBhCocViKEJae"
+    ],
+    [
+      "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff",
+      "zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo when",
+      "0cd6e5d827bb62eb8fc1e262254223817fd068a74b5b449cc2f667c3f1f985a76379b43348d952e2265b4cd129090758b3e3c2c49103b5051aac2eaeb890a528",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K36Ao5jHRVhFGDbLP6FCx8BEEmpru77ef3bmA928BxsqvVM27WnvvyfWywiFN8K6yToqMaGYfzS6Db1EHAXT5TuyCLBXUfdm"
+    ],
+    [
+      "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+      "abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon art",
+      "bda85446c68413707090a52022edd26a1c9462295029f2e60cd7c4f2bbd3097170af7a4d73245cafa9c3cca8d561a7c3de6f5d4a10be8ed2a5e608d68f92fcc8",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K32qBagUJAMU2LsHg3ka7jqMcV98Y7gVeVyNStwYS3U7yVVoDZ4btbRNf4h6ibWpY22iRmXq35qgLs79f312g2kj5539ebPM"
+    ],
+    [
+      "7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f",
+      "legal winner thank year wave sausage worth useful legal winner thank year wave sausage worth useful legal winner thank year wave sausage worth title",
+      "bc09fca1804f7e69da93c2f2028eb238c227f2e9dda30cd63699232578480a4021b146ad717fbb7e451ce9eb835f43620bf5c514db0f8add49f5d121449d3e87",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K3Y1sd2XVu9wtqxJRvybCfAetjUrMMco6r3v9qZTBeXiBZkS8JxWbcGJZyio8TrZtm6pkbzG8SYt1sxwNLh3Wx7to5pgiVFU"
+    ],
+    [
+      "8080808080808080808080808080808080808080808080808080808080808080",
+      "letter advice cage absurd amount doctor acoustic avoid letter advice cage absurd amount doctor acoustic avoid letter advice cage absurd amount doctor acoustic bless",
+      "c0c519bd0e91a2ed54357d9d1ebef6f5af218a153624cf4f2da911a0ed8f7a09e2ef61af0aca007096df430022f7a2b6fb91661a9589097069720d015e4e982f",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K3CSnQNYC3MqAAqHwxeTLhDbhF43A4ss4ciWNmCY9zQGvAKUSqVUf2vPHBTSE1rB2pg4avopqSiLVzXEU8KziNnVPauTqLRo"
+    ],
+    [
+      "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff",
+      "zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo zoo vote",
+      "dd48c104698c30cfe2b6142103248622fb7bb0ff692eebb00089b32d22484e1613912f0a5b694407be899ffd31ed3992c456cdf60f5d4564b8ba3f05a69890ad",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K2WFF16X85T2QCpndrGwx6GueB72Zf3AHwHJaknRXNF37ZmDrtHrrLSHvbuRejXcnYxoZKvRquTPyp2JiNG3XcjQyzSEgqCB"
+    ],
+    [
+      "9e885d952ad362caeb4efe34a8e91bd2",
+      "ozone drill grab fiber curtain grace pudding thank cruise elder eight picnic",
+      "274ddc525802f7c828d8ef7ddbcdc5304e87ac3535913611fbbfa986d0c9e5476c91689f9c8a54fd55bd38606aa6a8595ad213d4c9c9f9aca3fb217069a41028",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K2oZ9stBYpoaZ2ktHj7jLz7iMqpgg1En8kKFTXJHsjxry1JbKH19YrDTicVwKPehFKTbmaxgVEc5TpHdS1aYhB2s9aFJBeJH"
+    ],
+    [
+      "6610b25967cdcca9d59875f5cb50b0ea75433311869e930b",
+      "gravity machine north sort system female filter attitude volume fold club stay feature office ecology stable narrow fog",
+      "628c3827a8823298ee685db84f55caa34b5cc195a778e52d45f59bcf75aba68e4d7590e101dc414bc1bbd5737666fbbef35d1f1903953b66624f910feef245ac",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K3uT8eQowUjsxrmsA9YUuQQK1RLqFufzybxD6DH6gPY7NjJ5G3EPHjsWDrs9iivSbmvjc9DQJbJGatfa9pv4MZ3wjr8qWPAK"
+    ],
+    [
+      "68a79eaca2324873eacc50cb9c6eca8cc68ea5d936f98787c60c7ebc74e6ce7c",
+      "hamster diagram private dutch cause delay private meat slide toddler razor book happy fancy gospel tennis maple dilemma loan word shrug inflict delay length",
+      "64c87cde7e12ecf6704ab95bb1408bef047c22db4cc7491c4271d170a1b213d20b385bc1588d9c7b38f1b39d415665b8a9030c9ec653d75e65f847d8fc1fc440",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K2XTAhys3pMNcGn261Fi5Ta2Pw8PwaVPhg3D8DWkzWQwjTJfskj8ofb81i9NP2cUNKxwjueJHHMQAnxtivTA75uUFqPFeWzk"
+    ],
+    [
+      "c0ba5a8e914111210f2bd131f3d5e08d",
+      "scheme spot photo card baby mountain device kick cradle pact join borrow",
+      "ea725895aaae8d4c1cf682c1bfd2d358d52ed9f0f0591131b559e2724bb234fca05aa9c02c57407e04ee9dc3b454aa63fbff483a8b11de949624b9f1831a9612",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K3FperxDp8vFsFycKCRcJGAFmcV7umQmcnMZaLtZRt13QJDsoS5F6oYT6BB4sS6zmTmyQAEkJKxJ7yByDNtRe5asP2jFGhT6"
+    ],
+    [
+      "6d9be1ee6ebd27a258115aad99b7317b9c8d28b6d76431c3",
+      "horn tenant knee talent sponsor spell gate clip pulse soap slush warm silver nephew swap uncle crack brave",
+      "fd579828af3da1d32544ce4db5c73d53fc8acc4ddb1e3b251a31179cdb71e853c56d2fcb11aed39898ce6c34b10b5382772db8796e52837b54468aeb312cfc3d",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K3R1SfVZZLtVbXEB9ryVxmVtVMsMwmEyEvgXN6Q84LKkLRmf4ST6QrLeBm3jQsb9gx1uo23TS7vo3vAkZGZz71uuLCcywUkt"
+    ],
+    [
+      "9f6a2878b2520799a44ef18bc7df394e7061a224d2c33cd015b157d746869863",
+      "panda eyebrow bullet gorilla call smoke muffin taste mesh discover soft ostrich alcohol speed nation flash devote level hobby quick inner drive ghost inside",
+      "72be8e052fc4919d2adf28d5306b5474b0069df35b02303de8c1729c9538dbb6fc2d731d5f832193cd9fb6aeecbc469594a70e3dd50811b5067f3b88b28c3e8d",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K2WNnKmssvZYM96VAr47iHUQUTUyUXH3sAGNjhJANddnhw3i3y3pBbRAVk5M5qUGFr4rHbEWwXgX4qrvrceifCYQJbbFDems"
+    ],
+    [
+      "23db8160a31d3e0dca3688ed941adbf3",
+      "cat swing flag economy stadium alone churn speed unique patch report train",
+      "deb5f45449e615feff5640f2e49f933ff51895de3b4381832b3139941c57b59205a42480c52175b6efcffaa58a2503887c1e8b363a707256bdd2b587b46541f5",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K4G28omGMogEoYgDQuigBo8AFHAGDaJdqQ99QKMQ5J6fYTMfANTJy6xBmhvsNZ1CJzRZ64PWbnTFUn6CDV2FxoMDLXdk95DQ"
+    ],
+    [
+      "8197a4a47f0425faeaa69deebc05ca29c0a5b5cc76ceacc0",
+      "light rule cinnamon wrap drastic word pride squirrel upgrade then income fatal apart sustain crack supply proud access",
+      "4cbdff1ca2db800fd61cae72a57475fdc6bab03e441fd63f96dabd1f183ef5b782925f00105f318309a7e9c3ea6967c7801e46c8a58082674c860a37b93eda02",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K3wtsvY8L2aZyxkiWULZH4vyQE5XkHTXkmx8gHo6RUEfH3Jyr6NwkJhvano7Xb2o6UqFKWHVo5scE31SGDCAUsgVhiUuUDyh"
+    ],
+    [
+      "066dca1a2bb7e8a1db2832148ce9933eea0f3ac9548d793112d9a95c9407efad",
+      "all hour make first leader extend hole alien behind guard gospel lava path output census museum junior mass reopen famous sing advance salt reform",
+      "26e975ec644423f4a4c4f4215ef09b4bd7ef924e85d1d17c4cf3f136c2863cf6df0a475045652c57eb5fb41513ca2a2d67722b77e954b4b3fc11f7590449191d",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K3rEfqSM4QZRVmiMuSWY9wugscmaCjYja3SbUD3KPEB1a7QXJoajyR2T1SiXU7rFVRXMV9XdYVSZe7JoUXdP4SRHTxsT1nzm"
+    ],
+    [
+      "f30f8c1da665478f49b001d94c5fc452",
+      "vessel ladder alter error federal sibling chat ability sun glass valve picture",
+      "2aaa9242daafcee6aa9d7269f17d4efe271e1b9a529178d7dc139cd18747090bf9d60295d0ce74309a78852a9caadf0af48aae1c6253839624076224374bc63f",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K2QWV9Wn8Vvs6jbqfF1YbTCdURQW9dLFKDovpKaKrqS3SEWsXCu6ZNky9PSAENg6c9AQYHcg4PjopRGGKmdD313ZHszymnps"
+    ],
+    [
+      "c10ec20dc3cd9f652c7fac2f1230f7a3c828389a14392f05",
+      "scissors invite lock maple supreme raw rapid void congress muscle digital elegant little brisk hair mango congress clump",
+      "7b4a10be9d98e6cba265566db7f136718e1398c71cb581e1b2f464cac1ceedf4f3e274dc270003c670ad8d02c4558b2f8e39edea2775c9e232c7cb798b069e88",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K4aERa2bq7559eMCCEs2QmmqVjUuzfy5eAeDX4mqZffkYwpzGQRE2YEEeLVRoH4CSHxianrFaVnMN2RYaPUZJhJx8S5j6puX"
+    ],
+    [
+      "f585c11aec520db57dd353c69554b21a89b20fb0650966fa0a9d6f74fd989d8f",
+      "void come effort suffer camp survey warrior heavy shoot primary clutch crush open amazing screen patrol group space point ten exist slush involve unfold",
+      "01f5bced59dec48e362f2c45b5de68b9fd6c92c6634f44d6d40aab69056506f0e35524a518034ddc1192e1dacd32c1ed3eaa3c3b131c88ed8e7e54c49a5d0998",
+      "xprv9s21ZrQH143K39rnQJknpH1WEPFJrzmAqqasiDcVrNuk926oizzJDDQkdiTvNPr2FYDYzWgiMiC63YmfPAa2oPyNB23r2g7d1yiK6WpqaQS"
+    ]
+  ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/crypto/ed25519_test.dart b/test/crypto/ed25519_test.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e592ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/crypto/ed25519_test.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import 'dart:convert';
+
+import 'package:test/test.dart';
+import 'package:web5/web5.dart';
+
+void main() {
+  group('ed25519', () {
+    group('generateKeyPair', () {
+      test('should not throw exception when seed is provided', () async {
+        final mnemonic = Bip39.generateMnemonic();
+        final seed = await Bip39.mnemonicToSeed(mnemonic, desiredKeyLength: 32);
+
+        expect(
+          () async => await Ed25519.generatePrivateKey(seed: seed),
+          returnsNormally,
+        );
+      });
+    });
+  });
+}
diff --git a/test/vc/vc_jwt_test.dart b/test/vc/vc_jwt_test.dart
index cc7ffc7..68d99a8 100644
--- a/test/vc/vc_jwt_test.dart
+++ b/test/vc/vc_jwt_test.dart
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 import 'dart:typed_data';
 
 import 'package:test/test.dart';
-import 'package:web5/src/vc/vc.dart';
-import 'package:web5/src/vc/vc_jwt.dart';
 import 'package:web5/web5.dart';
 
 void main() {
diff --git a/test/vc/vc_test.dart b/test/vc/vc_test.dart
index 9cab339..9b8feee 100644
--- a/test/vc/vc_test.dart
+++ b/test/vc/vc_test.dart
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import 'package:test/test.dart';
-import 'package:web5/src/vc/vc.dart';
 import 'package:web5/web5.dart';
 
 void main() {