Clase02_Uso_Trinket_2019.ipynb

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    "<img src=\"images/di.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"200px\" align=\"left\"/>\n",
    "<img src=\"images/utfsm.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150px\" align=\"right\"/>\n",
    "\n",
    "<br/>\n",
    "<div align=\"center\">\n",
    "<h1>IWI131 Programación</h1><br/>\n",
    "<h2>Trinket: variables, entradas, salidas y funciones</h2>\n",
    "<br/><br/>   \n",
    "Departamento de Informática<br/>\n",
    "Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María\n",
    "</div>"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "# Instrucciones"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "source": [
    "**Instrucciones:** son las ordenes básicas que deben ser ejecutadas. Generalmente una por una. Un algortimo se compone de muchas de estas instrucciones para realizar una tarea. Por ejemplo: caminar 5 pasos hacia adelante, sumar dos números, mostrar por pantalla un resultado, etc.\n",
    "\n",
    "Veremos un primer ejemplo usando Trinket: dibujar un cuadrado"
   ]
  },
  {
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      "text/html": [
       "<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/4b6c725cf7\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>"
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   ],
   "source": [
    "from IPython.core.display import display, HTML\n",
    "display(HTML('<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/4b6c725cf7\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>'))"
   ]
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  {
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   },
   "source": [
    "# Repeticiones"
   ]
  },
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    "Muy a menudo es necesario realizar tareas especificas varias veces. Se le puede dar al computador instruccion por instruccion, pero cuando es necesario hacerlo muchas veces esto no resulta practico.\n",
    "Para resolver este problema, es posible realizar ciclos (loops, en ingles) que de manera compacta se le pide realizar al computador una misma tarea varias veces."
   ]
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      "text/html": [
       "<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/b4bd364cac\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>"
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   "source": [
    "from IPython.core.display import display, HTML\n",
    "display(HTML('<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/b4bd364cac\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>'))"
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   "source": [
    "# Entradas y Salidas\n"
   ]
  },
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    "\n",
    "*   *Entradas* (input, en ingles) es la información que se entrega al algoritmo para que pueda realizar la tarea deseada.\n",
    "\n",
    "*   *Salidas* (output, en ingles) es la información que entrega el algortimo como resultado, parcial o final, de su ejecución.\n",
    "\n",
    "En esta sesión nos enfocaremos en **entradas**."
   ]
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   "execution_count": 9,
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       "<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/82c6526d93?hideGeneratedCode=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"356\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>"
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   "source": [
    "from IPython.core.display import display, HTML\n",
    "display(HTML('<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/82c6526d93?hideGeneratedCode=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"356\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>'))"
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   "source": [
    "# Variables\n",
    "\n"
   ]
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    "id": "BwFv2O-d8bG6",
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   "source": [
    "Las variables son espacios de almacenamiento, en donde guardaremos los datos con los que trabaja el algoritmo. \n",
    "Pueden cambiar su valor cuantas veces queramos mediante asignaciones.\n",
    "\n",
    "<div align=\"center\">\n",
    "<img src=\"images/variable.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350px\"/>\n",
    "</div>"
   ]
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  {
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   "source": [
    "**Asignación de variables:** Para cambiar el valor almacenado en una variable utilizamos una operación de asignación, denotada por un igual o por una flecha a la izquierda.\n",
    "\n",
    "Las **entradas** las manejaremos generalmente en **variables**\n",
    "\n",
    "<div align=\"center\">\n",
    "<img src=\"images/asignacion_var.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250px\" align=\"center\"/>\n",
    "</div>"
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   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
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    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/7ddfa415af?hideGeneratedCode=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>"
      ],
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       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
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     },
     "metadata": {},
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   ],
   "source": [
    "from IPython.core.display import display, HTML\n",
    "display(HTML('<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/7ddfa415af?hideGeneratedCode=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>'))"
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   "source": [
    "# Funciones"
   ]
  },
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   "source": [
    "Una función es un grupo de 1 o más instrucciones agrupadas. La función generalmente tendra datos de entrada y datos de salida.\n",
    "\n",
    "Ahora veremos un ejemplo donde se entregará el números de lados y el largo de estos,  y permitirá dibujar una figura mediante una función."
   ]
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       "<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/ca4b2105d9?hideGeneratedCode=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"356\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>"
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   ],
   "source": [
    "from IPython.core.display import display, HTML\n",
    "display(HTML('<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/ca4b2105d9?hideGeneratedCode=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"356\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>'))"
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    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/7fe87ce1b6\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>"
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       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
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    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from IPython.core.display import display, HTML\n",
    "display(HTML('<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/7fe87ce1b6\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>'))"
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   "source": [
    "# Ejercicios:\n",
    "1.- Dibuje una estrella de 5 puntas donde se le debe entregar al comienzo: la ubicacion inicial y el largo del trazo."
   ]
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       "<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/4a1fca75eb\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>"
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       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
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   ],
   "source": [
    "from IPython.core.display import display, HTML\n",
    "display(HTML('<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/4a1fca75eb\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>'))"
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   "source": [
    "2.- Dibuje *N* estrellas de 5 puntas ubicadas en posiciones  elegidas aleatoriamente."
   ]
  },
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   "source": [
    "from IPython.core.display import display, HTML\n",
    "display(HTML('<iframe src=\"https://trinket.io/embed/blocks/1f982f9bbb\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe>'))"
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