diff --git a/contents/robust_ai/robust_ai.qmd b/contents/robust_ai/robust_ai.qmd index 61539e6c..59ba9720 100644 --- a/contents/robust_ai/robust_ai.qmd +++ b/contents/robust_ai/robust_ai.qmd @@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ Transient faults are characterized by their short duration and non-permanent nat Transient faults can be attributed to various external factors. One common cause is cosmic rays, high-energy particles originating from outer space. When these particles strike sensitive areas of the hardware, such as memory cells or transistors, they can induce charge disturbances that alter the stored or transmitted data ([Figure 19.x](#9jd0z5evi3fa)). Another cause of transient faults is [electromagnetic interference (EMI)](https://www.trentonsystems.com/en-us/resource-hub/blog/what-is-electromagnetic-interference) from nearby devices or power fluctuations. EMI can couple with the circuits and cause voltage spikes or glitches that temporarily disrupt the normal operation of the hardware. -![](./images/png/image12.gif) +![](./images/png/image12.png) Figure 19.x Mechanism of Hardware Transient Fault Occurrence. Credit: [NTT](https://group.ntt/en/newsrelease/2018/11/22/181122a.html)