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logrotate

新手上路 {: #getting-started }

  • Logrotate - ArchWiki #ril

    • By default, logrotate's rotation consists of RENAMING existing log files with a NUMERICAL SUFFIX, then RECREATING the original EMPTY log file.

      For example, /var/log/syslog.log is renamed /var/log/syslog.log.1. If /var/log/syslog.log.1 already exists from a previous rotation, it is first renamed /var/log/syslog.log.2. (The number of BACKLOGS to keep can be configured.)

      所以數字越小，內容越新。

    Usage

    • logrotate is usually run through Cron jobs. To run logrotate manually:

      logrotate /etc/logrotate.conf

    • To rotate a single log file:

      logrotate /etc/logrotate.d/mylog

      如果條件符合才會 rotate，跟下面的 -f, --force 可以用來測試特定 log file 的設定。

    • To simulate running your configuration file (dry run):

      logrotate -d /etc/logrotate.d/mylog

    • To force running rotations EVEN WHEN CONDITIONS ARE NOT MET, run

      logrotate -vf /etc/logrotate.d/mylog

      其中 -v 只是 --verbose，而 -f 才是 --force 跟強制 rotate 有關。

    • See logrotate(8) for more details.

  • How To Manage Logfiles with Logrotate on Ubuntu 16.04 | DigitalOcean (2017-11-09) #ril

Configuration

  • Configuration - Logrotate - ArchWiki

    • The PRIMARY configuration file for logrotate which sets default parameters is /etc/logrotate.conf; additional APPLICATION-SPECIFIC configuration files are included from the /etc/logrotate.d directory.

      Values set in application-specific configuration files override those same parameters in the primary configuration file. See logrotate.conf(5) for configuration examples and a reference of available` directives.

      以 Utuntu 下的 APT 為例：

      $ cat /etc/logrotate.d/apt
/var/log/apt/term.log { <-- 要 rorate 的檔案，下面描述何時、如何 rotate
  rotate 12
  monthly
  compress
  missingok
  notifempty
}

/var/log/apt/history.log {
  rotate 12
  monthly
  compress
  missingok
  notifempty
}

    • To VERIFY if logrotate works correctly run the following command which will produce debug output:

      logrotate -d # dry run

      在 Ubuntu 上執行沒有實質作用，要給 config file 才行：

      $ sudo logrotate -d
logrotate 3.8.7 - Copyright (C) 1995-2001 Red Hat, Inc.
This may be freely redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public License

Usage: logrotate [-dfv?] [-d|--debug] [-f|--force] [-m|--mail=command] [-s|--state=statefile] [-v|--verbose] [--version] [-?|--help] [--usage]
        [OPTION...] <configfile>

安裝設置 {: #setup }

  • Installation - Logrotate - ArchWiki

    • Logrotate can be installed with the logrotate package. It is INSTALLED BY DEFAULT as it is member of the base group.

    • By default, logrotate runs DAILY using a systemd timer: logrotate.timer.

      但為什麼下面又說 "logrotate is usually run through Cron jobs." ??

參考資料 {: #reference }

手冊：