The current architecture limits numeric values to what a 64-bit floating point value can hold, which has a lower bound of -1.7976931348623157e308 and an upper bound of 1.7976931348623157e308. There are plans to allow for much bigger numbers eventually but for now you will get an error if your literals or the results of your calculations exceed those bounds. Similarly you will get an error if you are trying to perform an invalid calculation, like getting the logarithm or square root of a negative number.
Literals can be expressed in a few different ways:
- Integers:
10,6, etc - Decimals:
2.2,10.9, etc - Scientific notation:
1e5,8.25e6, etc
Variables can be used to simplify your expressions. Variable definitions can be created like: my_var: <expression>. When you're creating variables the variable definition must be the first thing on that line. To later use the variable simply use the variable name directly. Any given line can only reference variables defined on lines above it.
Example:
my_var: 5 | 5
2 * my_var | 10
Raekna supports some built-in mathematical constants, currently pi, tau and e.
pi | 3.1415...
tau | 6.2831...
e | 2.7182...
The constants are case-insensitive so pi, PI, Pi will all return the value of pi.
All arithmetic operations can either be used through infix operators or function calls. Infix operators obey the order of operations and parentheses can be used to change the order of operations.
Addition
Simple addition.
add(left, right)
left + right
Subtraction
Simple subtraction.
sub(left, right)
subtract(left, right)
left - right
Negation
Negates a number.
neg(arg)
negate(arg)
-arg
Multiplication
Simple multiplication.
mul(left, right)
multiply(left, right)
left * right
Division
Simple division. The divisor has to be a non-zero number.
div(dividend, divisor)
divide(dividend, divisor)
dividend / divisor
Remainder
Calculates the remainder of dividend/divisor. The divisor has to be a non-zero number.
mod(dividend, divisor)
modulus(dividend, divisor)
dividend % divisor
Power
Calculates the base to the power of the exponent.
pow(base, exponent)
power(base, exponent)
base ^ exponent
Minimum
Returns the smaller of the two inputs.
min(left, right)
minimum(left, right)
Maximum
Returns the larger of the two inputs.
max(left, right)
maximum(left, right)
All rounding functions assume you are trying to round the the relevant integer value, but you can customize that somewhat. All rounding functions accept a precision as an integer value that will determine how many decimals to include. Additionally, ceil, floor, and round can instead accept a stepping value as a floating point value and will round to relevant multiple of that stepping.
Ceil
Rounds up to the nearest value that conforms to the precision/stepping.
ceil(value)
ceil(value, precision)
ceil(value, stepping)
ceil(5.4) | 6 # Normal ceil
ceil(1.2345, 2) | 1.24 # Ceil with precision
ceil(1, 2.4) | 2.4 # Ceil with stepping
Floor
Rounds down to the nearest value that conforms to the precision/stepping.
floor(value)
floor(value, precision)
floor(value, stepping)
floor(5.9) | 5 # Normal floor
floor(9.8765, 2) | 9.87 # Floor with precision
floor(4.7, 2.4) | 2.4 # Floor with stepping
Round
Rounds away from 0 to the nearest value that conforms to the precision/stepping.
round(value)
round(value, precision)
round(value, stepping)
round(5.9) | 6 # Normal round
round(5.4) | 5 # Normal round
round(9.8765, 2) | 9.88 # Round with precision
round(9.8735, 2) | 9.87 # Round with precision
round(4.9, 2.4) | 4.8 # Round with stepping
round(4.7, 2.4) | 2.4 # Round with stepping
Trunc
Removes unwanted decimals.
trunc(value)
trunc(value, precision)
trunc(5.9) | 5 # Normal trunc
trunc(9.8765, 2) | 9.87 # Trunc with precision
trunc(4.7, 2.4) | Error # Trunc with stepping
All trigonometric functions work with radians.
Sin
Computes the sine of the given argument.
sin(arg)
Cos
Computes the cosine of the given argument.
cos(arg)
Tan
Computes the tangent of the given number.
tan(arg)
SinH
Hyperbolic sine function.
sinh(arg)
CosH
Hyperbolic cosine function.
cosh(arg)
TanH
Hyperbolic tangent function.
tanh(arg)
ArcSin
Computes the arcsine of the given argument.
asin(arg)
ArcCos
Computes the arccosine of the given argument.
acos(arg)
ArcTan
Computes the arctangent of the given number.
atan(arg)
ArcSinH
Inverse hyperbolic sine function.
asinh(arg)
ArcCosH
Inverse hyperbolic cosine function.
acosh(arg)
ArcTanH
Inverse hyperbolic tangent function.
atanh(arg)
Square root
Computes the square root of a number.
sqrt(arg)
squareroot(arg)
square_root(arg)
Cube root
Computes the cube root of a number.
cbrt(arg)
cuberoot(arg)
cube_root(arg)
Factorial
Computes the factorial of a number. The argument has to be a positive integer and cannot be larger than 20, as the result would otherwise exceed the size of a signed 64-bit integer.
fact(arg)
factorial(arg)
Log
Computes the logarithm of a value with a given base.
log(value, base)
Log2
Computes the logarithm of a value with a base of 2.
log2(arg)
Log10
Computes the logarithm of a value with a base of 10.
log10(arg)
Ln
Computes the natural logarithm of a value.
ln(arg)
Abs
Returns the absolute value of a number.
abs(arg)