Dockerfile

FROM ubuntu:16.04

ENV HOME /home/developer
WORKDIR /home/developer

# Replace 1000 with your user / group id
RUN export uid=1000 gid=1000 \
    && mkdir -p /home/developer \
    && mkdir -p /etc/sudoers.d \
    && echo "developer:x:${uid}:${gid}:Developer,,,:/home/developer:/bin/bash" >> /etc/passwd \
    && echo "developer:x:${uid}:" >> /etc/group \
    && echo "developer ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" > /etc/sudoers.d/developer \
    && chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/developer \
    && chown ${uid}:${gid} -R /home/developer \
    && apt-get update \
    && apt-get install -y software-properties-common wget openjdk-9-jre xvfb xz-utils libusb-1.0-0 \
    && add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntuhandbook1/apps \
    && apt-get update \
    && apt-get install -y avrdude \
	  && apt-get clean \
    && apt-get autoremove \
	  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Add developer user to the dialout group to be ale to write the serial USB device
RUN sed "s/^dialout.*/&developer/" /etc/group -i \
    && sed "s/^root.*/&developer/" /etc/group -i

ENV ARDUINO_IDE_VERSION 1.8.5
RUN (wget -q -O- https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-${ARDUINO_IDE_VERSION}-linux64.tar.xz \
	| tar xJC /usr/local/share \
	&& ln -s /usr/local/share/arduino-${ARDUINO_IDE_VERSION} /usr/local/share/arduino \
	&& ln -s /usr/local/share/arduino-${ARDUINO_IDE_VERSION}/arduino /usr/local/bin/arduino)

USER developer
RUN Xvfb :3 -nolisten tcp -screen :$SCREEN 1280x800x24 & xvfb_pid="$!" \
  && DISPLAY=:3 arduino --install-boards arduino:sam && kill -9 $xvfb_pid

ENV DISPLAY :1.0