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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta
name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"
/>
<title>Micro Frontends</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="dist/reset.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="dist/reveal.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="dist/theme/codestar.css" />
<!-- Theme used for syntax highlighted code -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="plugin/highlight/monokai.css" />
<style>
h1.deck-title {
transform: rotate(-2deg);
text-shadow: -4px 4px 1px black;
font-size: 12rem;
margin-bottom: 12rem;
}
.attribution,
.attribution a {
color: white;
font-size: 10px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<div class="slides">
<section data-markdown data-background-image="assets/buckyball-nyc.jpg" data-background-opacity="0.3" >
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
# Micro Frontends <!-- .element: class="deck-title" -->
source: <!-- .element: class="attribution" --> https://experiencenomad.com/leo-villareal-buckyball-buckminster-fuller-buckyballs/
Note:
* 1 hour interactive session
* brief overview followed by some examples
* Ask questions!
* (Assignments)
</textarea>
</section>
<section
data-background-image="assets/shot-by-cerqueira-0o_GEzyargo-unsplash.jpg"
>
<img src="assets/codestar_logo_dark_tagline.svg" width="40%" />
<br />
<br />
<div>
<img
style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin: 5px 0"
src="assets/github.svg"
width="5%"
/>
<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top">
github.com/mdvanes
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
## Micro _what_?
Note:
- First part also for back-end, last part more for front-end
- For back-end: what is monolith?
- Where is the threshold for a monolith?
- How do you prevent monolith? Solutions?
- Who is at a project that uses micro services? Why do they use it?
- Front-end: Who is (or has been) at a project with more than 10 devs? More than 50? More than 200?
- Back-end: How would you apply micro services to the front-end?
- Micro services vs Micro Frontends
- MFEs are: any range of solutions to integrate a collection of smaller frontends into one application (https://mdworld.nl/micro-frontends-in-a-nutshell)
- MFEs are not new
</textarea>
</section>
<section data-background-image="assets/page.svg" data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
Note:
- How would you build this?
- What are weak points of this solution?
</textarea
>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
[Go to order form](#)
Note:
Hyperlinks
* code is duplicated
* visible reloads when navigating
* no communication between micro apps
</textarea>
</section>
<section>
<div style="display: flex; justify-content: center">
<iframe
src="https://www.mdworld.nl"
style="width: 40%; height: 40vh"
></iframe>
<iframe
src="https://code-star.github.io/events"
style="width: 55%; height: 40vh"
></iframe>
</div>
<iframe
src="https://github.com/code-star"
style="width: 100%; height: 10vh"
></iframe>
<aside class="notes">
<p>iframes:</p>
<ul>
<li>needs special code to inject (404)</li>
<li>bottom: unsafe (clickjacking, frame-ancestors disabled)</li>
<li>isolation (e.g. Angular & React, or CSS classes)</li>
<li>limited responsive design</li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section data-background-color="#fefefe" data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
Note:
- MFE types can and will be combined!
</textarea
>
</section>
<section data-background-color="#fdf6e3" data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
Note:
- How (deployment) monoliths?
- Example, can be done in many ways
- Without registry (bash scripts, mono repo)
- Clearly defined responsibilities (testing, pipelines)
</textarea
>
</section>
<section data-background-color="#fefefe" data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
Note:
- Micro vs Macro Web Components
- Angular Elements
- Shadow DOM
- Resource duplication (e.g. lodash in diagram)
</textarea
>
</section>
<section data-background-color="#fefefe" data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
Note:
- Disadvantages are mentioned later in Demo slides (needs "webpack 5", immature libs, requires abstraction layer)
</textarea
>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
- hyperlinks
- iframes
- deployment monolith
- Web Components
- Module Federation
</textarea>
</section>
<section
data-markdown
data-background-image="assets/manfred-steyer.jpg"
style="text-shadow: 0px 0px 2px black"
>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
# WWMSD? <!-- .element: style="text-shadow: 4px 4px 0 black; font-size: 15rem" -->
(What Would Manfred Steyer Do?) <!-- .element: class="fragment" -->
</textarea
>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
- https://www.angulararchitects.io/en/aktuelles/a-software-architects-approach-towards/
</textarea
>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
Note:
- you don't want iframes
- instead of "Webpack 5?" you can also read "I want to deduplicate shared resources and to have easier navigation/state integration"
- Webpack alternatives (Rollup, Vite, esbuild), check MF support - Vite does! https://github.com/module-federation/module-federation-examples/blob/master/vite-react-simple/vite-react/vite.config.ts
</textarea
>
</section>
<section data-markdown data-background-color="#2f2f2f">
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
Note:
- Familiar with Component Libraries/Storybook?
- Make sense to improve reusability of components
</textarea
>
</section>
<!-- <section data-background-color="#718aa4"></section> -->
<section>
<h2>Monorepos</h2>
<div style="display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 4rem">
<img src="assets/yarn-logo.svg" width="20%" />
<img src="assets/lerna-hero.svg" width="20%" />
<img src="assets/nx-logo.svg" width="20%" />
</div>
<aside class="notes">
<p>Why Monorepos?</p>
<ul>
<li>What is a monorepo</li>
<li>Can contain multiple FE/BE apps</li>
<li>DX: don't have to link component library</li>
<li>DX: less toolchain maintenance (lint/jest)</li>
<li>Disadvantages:</li>
<li>Can be slow when misconfigured (also see Affected)</li>
<li>
Access control for teams between sub projects must be done by
only allowing MRs
</li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
Note:
- And CLI/scaffolding
</textarea
>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<div style="display: flex; justify-content: center">
<iframe
src="https://code-star.github.io/nx-reference-portfolio/"
style="width: 80vw; height: 50vh"
></iframe>
</div>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
Note:
- (This is just a fallback for when site offline)
- Show that previous slide is live by using button
</textarea
>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
```ts []
// apps/portfolio/webpack.config.js
output: {
uniqueName: "portfolio",
publicPath: "auto",
},
...
plugins: [
new ModuleFederationPlugin({
name: "portfolio",
filename: "remoteEntry.js",
exposes: {
"./Module":
"apps/portfolio/src/app/remote-entry/entry.module.ts",
},
}),
],
```
Note:
- note "name" and "exposes"
- publicPath is path used for assets
- 'auto' uses e.g. self.location
</textarea
>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
```ts []
// src/index.ts
import('./bootstrap'); // Async!
// src/bootstrap.js
...
ReactDOM.render(<App/>, document.getElementById('root'));
// or for Angular in main.ts
import { platformBrowserDynamic } from
'@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
platformBrowserDynamic().bootstrapModule(AppModule)
```
Note:
- Segue to explain bootstrap.js
- You will most of the time see such a bootstrapping "layer"
- async boundary for Webpack to produce a chunk that can be consumed with module federation
</textarea
>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
```ts []
// apps/portfolio/src/app/remote-entry/entry.module.ts
@NgModule({
declarations: [RemoteEntryComponent],
imports: [
BrowserModule,
UiModule,
RouterModule.forChild([
{
path: "",
component: RemoteEntryComponent,
},
]),
],
providers: [],
})
```
Note:
- Nothing special!
</textarea
>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<div style="display: flex; justify-content: center">
<iframe
src="https://code-star.github.io/nx-reference/iframe.html?id=appcomponent-v1-1-0--example&args=&globals=measureEnabled:false&viewMode=story#/portfolio"
style="width: 80vw; height: 50vh"
></iframe>
</div>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
Note:
- (This is just a fallback for when site offline)
- Show that previous slide is live by using button
</textarea
>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
```ts []
// apps/demo/webpack.config.js
new ModuleFederationPlugin({
remotes: {
portfolio: `portfolio@http://localhost:4201/remoteEntry.js`,
},
}),
```
Note:
- This ("demo") is the shell app
</textarea
>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
```ts []
// apps/demo/src/app/app.module.ts
@NgModule({
...
imports: [
...
RouterModule.forRoot([{
path: "",
loadChildren: () =>
import("portfolio/Module").then(
(m) => m.RemoteEntryModule),},],
...
})
```
Note:
- Lazy import()
- Router
- path can be used to only load on specic routes
- In Angular with Router, in React with React.lazy()
- MF with everything possible, but with Nx, Angular is easiest
- Nx/Angular uses library from Manfred
</textarea
>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<div style="display: flex; justify-content: center">
<iframe
src="https://code-star.github.io/nx-reference-shell/"
style="width: 80vw; height: 50vh"
></iframe>
</div>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
```ts []
// apps/demo/webpack.config.js
const deps = require('./package.json').dependencies;
...
new ModuleFederationPlugin({
remotes: { ... },
shared: {
...deps,
"@angular/core": {
singleton: true,
requiredVersion: '12.2.11',
strictVersion: true },
...
```
Note:
- shared for deduplication (recall the lodash dep with macro web components)
- spread from package.json (this way the shell versions are leading)
- singleton for libs with shared global state
- strictVersion: rejects version if not requiredVersion (error, otherwise warning)
</textarea>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
- React MF with CRA
- https://github.com/module-federation/module-federation-examples/blob/master/cra/host/modulefederation.config.js
- https://github.com/module-federation/module-federation-examples/blob/master/cra/host/src/App.js
Note:
- MF adoption is improving. Support in CRA with CRACO
- With Nx, Angular MF is easiest. This is example with CRA without Nx
- Lerna + CRA + CRACO
- craco-module-federation plugin
</textarea>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
```
// app-01/src/pages/svelte-page.jsx
import loadApp from 'app_04/loadApp';
...
if (mountEl.current.innerHTML.length === 0) {
loadApp('app_04', name);
}
// app-01/webpack.config.js
app_04: 'app_04@http://localhost:3004/remoteEntry.js',
// app-04/webpack.config.js
exposes: {
'./App': './src/main.js',
'./loadApp': './src/loadApp.js',
},
// app-04/src/loadApp
const loadApp = (id, name) => {
return new App({
target: document.querySelector(`#${id}`),
props: { name },
});
};
```
Note:
- Svelte and Lit in React
- https://github.com/module-federation/module-federation-examples/blob/master/comprehensive-demo/app-01/src/pages/svelte-page.jsx
- mountEl + loadApp
- loadApp could be expanded to have callbacks to handle navigation/app state synchronisation!
- it is possible to always add this intermediate layer, but when host & remote both React, not needed.
</textarea>
</section>
<!-- <section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
- React in Vue
- https://github.com/module-federation/module-federation-examples/blob/master/react-in-vue/layout/src/ReactButton.js
Note:
- This example uses React in the Vue shell to mount the component, but this is can be avoided
</textarea>
</section> -->
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template data-line-numbers>
- https://github.com/code-star/nx-reference
- https://mdworld.nl/micro-frontends-in-a-nutshell
- https://github.com/module-federation/module-federation-examples
Note:
- Nx repo with Module Federation from the examples before
- Overview article about Micro Frontends
- Plenty of MF examples
- Bi-directional (shell includes remote, remote includes from shell)
- Nested navigation / routing
- shared-context (React)
- Redux with injectReducer https://github.com/module-federation/module-federation-examples/tree/master/redux-reducer-injection
<!--
- DONE: Nx: MF for Angular AND SEPARATE TO THAT presets for React (so not MF!!) https://blog.nrwl.io/micro-frontends-using-module-federation-presets-for-react-and-storybook-typescript-compiler-4120cf134816 -->
</textarea>
</section>
</div>
</div>
<script src="dist/reveal.js"></script>
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