diff --git a/biome_defs.lua b/biome_defs.lua
index 57a9993..43c5765 100644
--- a/biome_defs.lua
+++ b/biome_defs.lua
@@ -1,80 +1,79 @@
 
 moretrees.beech_biome = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 }
 
 moretrees.palm_biome = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.sand,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.sand,
 	min_elevation = -1,
 	max_elevation = 1,
-	near_nodes = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
-	near_nodes_count = 10,
+	spawn_by = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
+	num_spawn_by = 10,
 }
 
 moretrees.date_palm_biome = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.desert_sand,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.desert_sand,
 	min_elevation = -1,
 	max_elevation = 10,
-	near_nodes = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
-	near_nodes_count = 100,
+	spawn_by = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
+	num_spawn_by = 100,
 }
 
 moretrees.date_palm_biome_2 = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.desert_sand,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.desert_sand,
 	min_elevation = 11,
 	max_elevation = 30,
-	near_nodes = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
-	near_nodes_count = 1,
+	spawn_by = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
+	num_spawn_by = 1,
 }
 
 moretrees.apple_tree_biome = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 	min_elevation = 1,
 	max_elevation = 10,
-	place_on = {xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass},
 	biomes = {"deciduous_forest"},
 	fill_ratio = 0.0001,
 }
 
 moretrees.oak_biome = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 	min_elevation = 0,
 	max_elevation = 10,
 	fill_ratio = 0.0003
 }
 
 moretrees.sequoia_biome = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 	min_elevation = 0,
 	max_elevation = 10,
 	fill_ratio = 0.0001,
 }
 
 moretrees.birch_biome = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 	min_elevation = 10,
 	max_elevation = 15,
 	fill_ratio = 0.001,
 }
 
 moretrees.willow_biome = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 	min_elevation = -5,
 	max_elevation = 5,
-	near_nodes = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
-	near_nodes_count = 5,
+	spawn_by = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
+	num_spawn_by = 5,
 }
 
 moretrees.rubber_tree_biome = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 	min_elevation = -5,
 	max_elevation = 5,
-	near_nodes = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
-	near_nodes_count = 10,
+	spawn_by = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
+	num_spawn_by = 10,
 }
 
 moretrees.jungletree_biome = {
-	surface = {
+	place_on = {
 		xcompat.materials.dirt,
 		xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 		"woodsoils:dirt_with_leaves_1",
@@ -83,74 +82,74 @@ moretrees.jungletree_biome = {
 		"default:dirt_with_rainforest_litter",
 	},
 	min_elevation = 1,
-	near_nodes = minetest.get_modpath("default") and {"default:jungletree"} or nil,
-	near_nodes_count = minetest.get_modpath("default") and 1 or nil,
+	spawn_by = minetest.get_modpath("default") and {"default:jungletree"} or nil,
+	num_spawn_by = minetest.get_modpath("default") and 1 or nil,
 	biomes = {"rainforest", "rainforest_swamp"},
 }
 
 moretrees.spruce_biome = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 	min_elevation = 20,
 }
 
 moretrees.cedar_biome = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 	min_elevation = 0,  --Added to solve an issue where cedar trees would sometimes spawn deep underground
-	near_nodes = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
-	near_nodes_count = 5,
+	spawn_by = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
+	num_spawn_by = 5,
 }
 
 
 -- Poplar requires a lot of water.
 moretrees.poplar_biome = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 	min_elevation = 0,
 	max_elevation = 50,
-	near_nodes = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
-	near_nodes_count = 1,
+	spawn_by = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
+	num_spawn_by = 1,
 }
 
 -- Spawn an occasional poplar elsewhere.
 moretrees.poplar_biome_2 = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 	min_elevation = 0,
 	max_elevation = 50,
-	near_nodes = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
-	near_nodes_count = 10,
+	spawn_by = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
+	num_spawn_by = 10,
 }
 
 -- Subterranean lakes provide enough water for poplars to grow
 moretrees.poplar_biome_3 = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 	min_elevation = 0,
 	max_elevation = 50,
-	near_nodes = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
-	near_nodes_count = 1,
+	spawn_by = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
+	num_spawn_by = 1,
 }
 
 moretrees.poplar_small_biome = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 	min_elevation = 0,
 	max_elevation = 50,
-	near_nodes = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
-	near_nodes_count = 1,
+	spawn_by = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
+	num_spawn_by = 1,
 }
 
 moretrees.poplar_small_biome_2 = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 	min_elevation = 0,
 	max_elevation = 50,
-	near_nodes = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
-	near_nodes_count = 5,
+	spawn_by = {xcompat.materials.water_source},
+	num_spawn_by = 5,
 }
 
 
 moretrees.fir_biome = {
-	surface = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
+	place_on = xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass,
 	min_elevation = 25,
 }
 
 moretrees.fir_biome_snow = {
-	surface = {"snow:dirt_with_snow", "snow:snow"},
+	place_on = {"snow:dirt_with_snow", "snow:snow"},
 	below_nodes = {xcompat.materials.dirt, xcompat.materials.dirt_with_grass, "snow:dirt_with_snow"},
 }
diff --git a/init.lua b/init.lua
index 229ee1f..f4947b7 100644
--- a/init.lua
+++ b/init.lua
@@ -135,14 +135,14 @@ function translate_biome_defs(def, treename, index)
 	local deco_def = {
 		name = treename .. "_" .. index,
 		deco_type = "simple",
-		place_on = def.place_on or def.surface,
+		place_on = def.place_on,
 		sidelen = 16,
 		fill_ratio = def.fill_ratio or 0.001,
 		--biomes eventually?
 		y_min = def.min_elevation,
 		y_max = def.max_elevation,
-		spawn_by = def.near_nodes,
-		num_spawn_by = def.near_nodes_count,
+		spawn_by = def.spawn_by,
+		num_spawn_by = def.num_spawn_by,
 		decoration = "moretrees:"..treename.."_sapling_ongen"
 	}