infra: bump astroid from 2.12.12 to 3.3.3 in /dockerfile

Bumps [astroid](https://github.com/pylint-dev/astroid) from 2.12.12 to 3.3.3.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/pylint-dev/astroid/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/pylint-dev/astroid/blob/main/ChangeLog)
- [Commits](pylint-dev/astroid@v2.12.12...v3.3.3)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: astroid
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <[email protected]>

dockerfile/anaconda-ci/requirements.txt

@@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ jinja2
 
 # pylint and its supporting libs
 pylint == 2.15.6
-astroid == 2.12.12
+astroid == 3.3.3