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davidscn committed Jul 30, 2024
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Expand Up @@ -51,15 +51,16 @@ In addition, ASTE provides performance and accuracy metrics of the configured si

# Statement of need

<!-- We need to put the figure first, otherwise the reference won't be rendered correctly -->
![Dependency graph for a coupled simulation with FEniCS and OpenFOAM compared to a dependency graph using ASTE.\label{fig:dependency-graph}](dependency-graph.pdf)

\autoref{fig:dependency-graph} illustrates the software stack required for a coupled simulation setup using FEniCS and OpenFOAM as examples, and compares it to a simulation setup using ASTE.
Beside preCICE itself, core ingredients for practical applications are preCICE API language bindings, preCICE adapters, the simulation frameworks and their dependencies.
Note that the framework dependencies are usually heavy by themselves, e.g., packages such as PETSc or Trilinos.
ASTE, on the other hand, replaces coupled models and only requires a reduced set of dependencies.
It abstracts the computational complexity of the models away by extracting the relevant information from VTK files instead and passing extracted data to preCICE, potentially in parallel on distributed memory.
While the VTK files may stem from actual simulations, ASTE can also generate artificial VTK files with prescribed coupling data.

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![Dependency graph for a coupled simulation with FEniCS and OpenFOAM compared to a dependency graph using ASTE.\label{fig:dependency-graph}](dependency-graph.pdf)

This makes ASTE a lightweight and valuable tool for the development of preCICE to test new features on real-world applications in an artificial solver-like setup, e.g., for developing new communication algorithms [@Lindner2019; @Totounferoush2021] or to develop new mapping methods, e.g., [@Ariguib2022; @precice-reference; @Martin2022; @Schneider2023].
In fact, testing and developing preCICE was the use case behind the first prototype of ASTE, which was developed as part of @Lindner2019.
Beyond the development in preCICE, ASTE also fosters the development of new adapter codes to be coupled via preCICE, as it aids in debugging and enhances the transparency of data flow.
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