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ser334_unit1_exercise_sample.lyx
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ser334_unit1_exercise_sample.lyx
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#LyX 2.3 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
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\begin_document
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\begin_body
\begin_layout Standard
\noindent
Arizona State University
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
SER334: Operating Systems & System Programming
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\noindent
Lecturer Acuña (5), UGTA Karaliova (4)
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
Revised 1/10/2024
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\noindent
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LatexCommand rule
offset "0.5ex"
width "100col%"
height "1pt"
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\size huge
Unit 1 Sample Problems - C Programming
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
\size huge
(SOLN)
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\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula $ $
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
In this sample problem set, we will practice concepts of the C programming
language.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
Length: 50 minutes with discussion.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
Questions: Q1-Q2, Q4, Q6, and Q8.
(optional: Q3, Q5, Q7, and Q9)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula $ $
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\series bold
\size larger
A Simple C Program
\end_layout
\begin_layout Enumerate
[Acuña] Consider the following implementations of the linear search algorithm
in both Java and C:
\end_layout
\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "language=Java,numbers=left,basicstyle={\small},showstringspaces=false"
inline false
status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
import java.util.Scanner;
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
public class LinearSearchExample {
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
public static boolean find(int target, int[] pool) {
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
for(int i = 0; i < pool.length; i++)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
if(pool[i] == target)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
return true;
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
return false;
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
public static void main(String args[]) {
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
int[] data = {4, 45, 8, 1, 3, 3, 22, 9};
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
int target;
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
System.out.println("What is the target number?");
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
target = scanner.nextInt();
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
if(find(target, data))
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
System.out.println("Found.");
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
else
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
System.out.println("Missing.");
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "language=C,numbers=left,basicstyle={\small},showstringspaces=false"
inline false
status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
#include <stdio.h>
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
int find(int target, int[] pool, int n) {
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
if(pool[i] == target)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
return 1;
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
return 0;
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
void main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
int[] data = {4, 45, 8, 1, 3, 3, 22, 9};
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
int target;
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
printf("What is the target number?");
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
scanf("%d", &target);
\end_layout
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if(find(target, data, 8))
\end_layout
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printf("Found.");
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
else
\end_layout
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printf("Missing.");
\end_layout
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}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Enumerate
Identify 2 lines that are different because of the library (or run-time)
being used: [2 points]
\end_layout
\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Branch blank
inverted 0
status collapsed
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\begin_inset VSpace 4cm
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Branch soln
inverted 0
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
\series bold
Ans: [Acuña]
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
(There are several answers to this question.)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
Line 1 (Java): The package containing the Scanner object is imported instead
of the stdio.h library.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
Line 19 (Java): Instead of using System.out.println, the C program uses printf.
\begin_inset VSpace 2cm
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_deeper
\begin_layout Enumerate
Identify 2 lines that are different because of the language being used:
[2 points]
\end_layout
\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Branch blank
inverted 0
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace 4cm
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Branch soln
inverted 0
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
\series bold
Ans: [Acuña]
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
(There are several answers to this question.)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
Line 4 (Java): the find function has a return type of int instead of boolean.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
Line 5 (Java): instead of being able to do .length to get the number of elements
in the array, we have to pass a separate variable called n with the size.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace 2cm
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_deeper
\end_deeper
\begin_layout Enumerate
[Acuña] Consider the following program.
It compiles without any compile-time errors in GCC, yet it contains a total
of 4 issues (a combination of syntax, and logical problems).
Study the program to identify all the issues.
For each issue, list its type (syntactic, logical), what the problem is,
and how to fix it.
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "language=C,numbers=left"
inline false
status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
#include <stdio.h>
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
int main() {
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
int input;
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
int result;
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
printf("Enter an integer number:
\backslash
n");
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
scanf("d", input);
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
result = input % 2;
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
if (result = 0)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
printf("
\backslash
nNumber %d is even.", input);
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
else
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
printf("
\backslash
nNumber %d is odd.", input);
\end_layout
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}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Enumerate
First issue: [1 point]
\end_layout
\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
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inverted 0
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace 2cm
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Branch soln
inverted 0
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
Ans: [Acuña] Syntactic.
The percent sign is missing before the d control symbol for the scanf.
Add the percent sign to fix.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace 1cm
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_deeper
\begin_layout Enumerate
Second issue: [1 point]
\end_layout
\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Branch blank
inverted 0
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace 2cm
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Branch soln
inverted 0
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
Ans: [Acuña] Syntactic.
The ampersand is missing for the scanf's parameter.
Add the ampersand.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace 1cm
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_deeper
\begin_layout Enumerate
Third issue: [1 point]
\end_layout
\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Branch blank
inverted 0
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace 2cm
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Branch soln
inverted 0
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
Ans: [Acuña] Semantic/logical.
In the conditional of the if-statement, an assignment is used instead of
a comparison.
We need to change the = to ==.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace 1cm
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_deeper
\begin_layout Enumerate
Forth issue: [1 point]
\end_layout
\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Branch blank
inverted 0
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace 2cm
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Branch soln
inverted 0
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
Ans: [Acuña] Semantic/Logical.
It is missing a return statement.
A return 0; should be added at the end of the program.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace 1cm
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\series bold
\size larger
Memory in C
\end_layout
\end_deeper
\begin_layout Enumerate
[Acuña] Consider the following program:
\end_layout
\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "language=C,basicstyle={\small},showstringspaces=false"
inline false
status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
#include <stdio.h>
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
int badfunction(int* num) {
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
printf("num: %d
\backslash
n", *num);
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
*(num+1) = 7;
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
void main(void) {
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
int dont = 1;
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
int doo = 2;
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
int this = 3;
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
printf("#1 dont: %d, do: %d, this: %d
\backslash
n", dont, doo, this);
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
badfunction(&doo);
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
printf("#2 dont: %d, do: %d, this: %d
\backslash
n", dont, doo, this);
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
Trace this program, and give it's output.
Explain why it generates that specific output.
[2 points]
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Branch blank
inverted 0
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace 4cm
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Branch soln
inverted 0
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
\series bold
Ans: [Acuña]
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "language=C"
inline false
status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
#1 dont: 1, do: 2, this: 3
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
num: 2
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
#2 dont: 7, do: 2, this: 3
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
The memory for
\emph on
do
\emph default
and
\emph on
dont
\emph default
are stored contiguously in the stackframe for main().
When badfunction() is called, it gets an address to
\emph on
do
\emph default
, which it can manipulate to access anything else in the stack frame for
main().
(Note: you would not be expected to know which of
\emph on
dont
\emph default
or
\emph on
this
\emph default
changed, since that depends on the structure of the stack frame as generated
by the compiler.)
\end_layout