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pandoc.1
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'\" t
.\" Automatically generated by Pandoc 2.11.3.1
.\"
.TH "Pandoc User\[cq]s Guide" "" "December 29, 2020" "pandoc 2.11.3.2" ""
.hy
.SH NAME
pandoc - general markup converter
.SH SYNOPSIS
.PP
\f[C]pandoc\f[R] [\f[I]options\f[R]] [\f[I]input-file\f[R]]\&...
.SH DESCRIPTION
.PP
Pandoc is a Haskell library for converting from one markup format to
another, and a command-line tool that uses this library.
.PP
Pandoc can convert between numerous markup and word processing formats,
including, but not limited to, various flavors of Markdown, HTML, LaTeX
and Word docx.
For the full lists of input and output formats, see the \f[C]--from\f[R]
and \f[C]--to\f[R] options below.
Pandoc can also produce PDF output: see creating a PDF, below.
.PP
Pandoc\[cq]s enhanced version of Markdown includes syntax for tables,
definition lists, metadata blocks, footnotes, citations, math, and much
more.
See below under Pandoc\[cq]s Markdown.
.PP
Pandoc has a modular design: it consists of a set of readers, which
parse text in a given format and produce a native representation of the
document (an \f[I]abstract syntax tree\f[R] or AST), and a set of
writers, which convert this native representation into a target format.
Thus, adding an input or output format requires only adding a reader or
writer.
Users can also run custom pandoc filters to modify the intermediate AST.
.PP
Because pandoc\[cq]s intermediate representation of a document is less
expressive than many of the formats it converts between, one should not
expect perfect conversions between every format and every other.
Pandoc attempts to preserve the structural elements of a document, but
not formatting details such as margin size.
And some document elements, such as complex tables, may not fit into
pandoc\[cq]s simple document model.
While conversions from pandoc\[cq]s Markdown to all formats aspire to be
perfect, conversions from formats more expressive than pandoc\[cq]s
Markdown can be expected to be lossy.
.SS Using pandoc
.PP
If no \f[I]input-files\f[R] are specified, input is read from
\f[I]stdin\f[R].
Output goes to \f[I]stdout\f[R] by default.
For output to a file, use the \f[C]-o\f[R] option:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
pandoc -o output.html input.txt
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
By default, pandoc produces a document fragment.
To produce a standalone document (e.g.\ a valid HTML file including
\f[C]<head>\f[R] and \f[C]<body>\f[R]), use the \f[C]-s\f[R] or
\f[C]--standalone\f[R] flag:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
pandoc -s -o output.html input.txt
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
For more information on how standalone documents are produced, see
Templates below.
.PP
If multiple input files are given, \f[C]pandoc\f[R] will concatenate
them all (with blank lines between them) before parsing.
(Use \f[C]--file-scope\f[R] to parse files individually.)
.SS Specifying formats
.PP
The format of the input and output can be specified explicitly using
command-line options.
The input format can be specified using the \f[C]-f/--from\f[R] option,
the output format using the \f[C]-t/--to\f[R] option.
Thus, to convert \f[C]hello.txt\f[R] from Markdown to LaTeX, you could
type:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
pandoc -f markdown -t latex hello.txt
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
To convert \f[C]hello.html\f[R] from HTML to Markdown:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
pandoc -f html -t markdown hello.html
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
Supported input and output formats are listed below under Options (see
\f[C]-f\f[R] for input formats and \f[C]-t\f[R] for output formats).
You can also use \f[C]pandoc --list-input-formats\f[R] and
\f[C]pandoc --list-output-formats\f[R] to print lists of supported
formats.
.PP
If the input or output format is not specified explicitly,
\f[C]pandoc\f[R] will attempt to guess it from the extensions of the
filenames.
Thus, for example,
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
pandoc -o hello.tex hello.txt
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
will convert \f[C]hello.txt\f[R] from Markdown to LaTeX.
If no output file is specified (so that output goes to
\f[I]stdout\f[R]), or if the output file\[cq]s extension is unknown, the
output format will default to HTML.
If no input file is specified (so that input comes from
\f[I]stdin\f[R]), or if the input files\[cq] extensions are unknown, the
input format will be assumed to be Markdown.
.SS Character encoding
.PP
Pandoc uses the UTF-8 character encoding for both input and output.
If your local character encoding is not UTF-8, you should pipe input and
output through \f[C]iconv\f[R]:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
iconv -t utf-8 input.txt | pandoc | iconv -f utf-8
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
Note that in some output formats (such as HTML, LaTeX, ConTeXt, RTF,
OPML, DocBook, and Texinfo), information about the character encoding is
included in the document header, which will only be included if you use
the \f[C]-s/--standalone\f[R] option.
.SS Creating a PDF
.PP
To produce a PDF, specify an output file with a \f[C].pdf\f[R]
extension:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
pandoc test.txt -o test.pdf
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
By default, pandoc will use LaTeX to create the PDF, which requires that
a LaTeX engine be installed (see \f[C]--pdf-engine\f[R] below).
Alternatively, pandoc can use ConTeXt, roff ms, or HTML as an
intermediate format.
To do this, specify an output file with a \f[C].pdf\f[R] extension, as
before, but add the \f[C]--pdf-engine\f[R] option or
\f[C]-t context\f[R], \f[C]-t html\f[R], or \f[C]-t ms\f[R] to the
command line.
The tool used to generate the PDF from the intermediate format may be
specified using \f[C]--pdf-engine\f[R].
.PP
You can control the PDF style using variables, depending on the
intermediate format used: see variables for LaTeX, variables for
ConTeXt, variables for \f[C]wkhtmltopdf\f[R], variables for ms.
When HTML is used as an intermediate format, the output can be styled
using \f[C]--css\f[R].
.PP
To debug the PDF creation, it can be useful to look at the intermediate
representation: instead of \f[C]-o test.pdf\f[R], use for example
\f[C]-s -o test.tex\f[R] to output the generated LaTeX.
You can then test it with \f[C]pdflatex test.tex\f[R].
.PP
When using LaTeX, the following packages need to be available (they are
included with all recent versions of TeX Live): \f[C]amsfonts\f[R],
\f[C]amsmath\f[R], \f[C]lm\f[R], \f[C]unicode-math\f[R],
\f[C]ifxetex\f[R], \f[C]ifluatex\f[R], \f[C]listings\f[R] (if the
\f[C]--listings\f[R] option is used), \f[C]fancyvrb\f[R],
\f[C]longtable\f[R], \f[C]booktabs\f[R], \f[C]graphicx\f[R] (if the
document contains images), \f[C]hyperref\f[R], \f[C]xcolor\f[R],
\f[C]ulem\f[R], \f[C]geometry\f[R] (with the \f[C]geometry\f[R] variable
set), \f[C]setspace\f[R] (with \f[C]linestretch\f[R]), and
\f[C]babel\f[R] (with \f[C]lang\f[R]).
The use of \f[C]xelatex\f[R] or \f[C]lualatex\f[R] as the PDF engine
requires \f[C]fontspec\f[R].
\f[C]lualatex\f[R] uses \f[C]selnolig\f[R].
\f[C]xelatex\f[R] uses \f[C]polyglossia\f[R] (with \f[C]lang\f[R]),
\f[C]xecjk\f[R], and \f[C]bidi\f[R] (with the \f[C]dir\f[R] variable
set).
If the \f[C]mathspec\f[R] variable is set, \f[C]xelatex\f[R] will use
\f[C]mathspec\f[R] instead of \f[C]unicode-math\f[R].
The \f[C]upquote\f[R] and \f[C]microtype\f[R] packages are used if
available, and \f[C]csquotes\f[R] will be used for typography if the
\f[C]csquotes\f[R] variable or metadata field is set to a true value.
The \f[C]natbib\f[R], \f[C]biblatex\f[R], \f[C]bibtex\f[R], and
\f[C]biber\f[R] packages can optionally be used for citation rendering.
The following packages will be used to improve output quality if
present, but pandoc does not require them to be present:
\f[C]upquote\f[R] (for straight quotes in verbatim environments),
\f[C]microtype\f[R] (for better spacing adjustments), \f[C]parskip\f[R]
(for better inter-paragraph spaces), \f[C]xurl\f[R] (for better line
breaks in URLs), \f[C]bookmark\f[R] (for better PDF bookmarks), and
\f[C]footnotehyper\f[R] or \f[C]footnote\f[R] (to allow footnotes in
tables).
.SS Reading from the Web
.PP
Instead of an input file, an absolute URI may be given.
In this case pandoc will fetch the content using HTTP:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
pandoc -f html -t markdown https://www.fsf.org
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
It is possible to supply a custom User-Agent string or other header when
requesting a document from a URL:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
pandoc -f html -t markdown --request-header User-Agent:\[dq]Mozilla/5.0\[dq] \[rs]
https://www.fsf.org
\f[R]
.fi
.SH OPTIONS
.SS General options
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-f\f[B]\f[R] \f[I]FORMAT\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]-r\f[B]\f[R] \f[I]FORMAT\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--from=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FORMAT\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--read=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FORMAT\f[R]
Specify input format.
\f[I]FORMAT\f[R] can be:
.RS
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]bibtex\f[R] (BibTeX bibliography)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]biblatex\f[R] (BibLaTeX bibliography)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]commonmark\f[R] (CommonMark Markdown)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]commonmark_x\f[R] (CommonMark Markdown with extensions)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]creole\f[R] (Creole 1.0)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]csljson\f[R] (CSL JSON bibliography)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]csv\f[R] (CSV table)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]docbook\f[R] (DocBook)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]docx\f[R] (Word docx)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]dokuwiki\f[R] (DokuWiki markup)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]epub\f[R] (EPUB)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]fb2\f[R] (FictionBook2 e-book)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]gfm\f[R] (GitHub-Flavored Markdown), or the deprecated and less
accurate \f[C]markdown_github\f[R]; use \f[C]markdown_github\f[R] only
if you need extensions not supported in \f[C]gfm\f[R].
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]haddock\f[R] (Haddock markup)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]html\f[R] (HTML)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]ipynb\f[R] (Jupyter notebook)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]jats\f[R] (JATS XML)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]jira\f[R] (Jira/Confluence wiki markup)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]json\f[R] (JSON version of native AST)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]latex\f[R] (LaTeX)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]markdown\f[R] (Pandoc\[cq]s Markdown)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]markdown_mmd\f[R] (MultiMarkdown)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]markdown_phpextra\f[R] (PHP Markdown Extra)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]markdown_strict\f[R] (original unextended Markdown)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]mediawiki\f[R] (MediaWiki markup)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]man\f[R] (roff man)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]muse\f[R] (Muse)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]native\f[R] (native Haskell)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]odt\f[R] (ODT)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]opml\f[R] (OPML)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]org\f[R] (Emacs Org mode)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]rst\f[R] (reStructuredText)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]t2t\f[R] (txt2tags)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]textile\f[R] (Textile)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]tikiwiki\f[R] (TikiWiki markup)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]twiki\f[R] (TWiki markup)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]vimwiki\f[R] (Vimwiki)
.PP
Extensions can be individually enabled or disabled by appending
\f[C]+EXTENSION\f[R] or \f[C]-EXTENSION\f[R] to the format name.
See Extensions below, for a list of extensions and their names.
See \f[C]--list-input-formats\f[R] and \f[C]--list-extensions\f[R],
below.
.RE
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-t\f[B]\f[R] \f[I]FORMAT\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]-w\f[B]\f[R] \f[I]FORMAT\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--to=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FORMAT\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--write=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FORMAT\f[R]
Specify output format.
\f[I]FORMAT\f[R] can be:
.RS
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]asciidoc\f[R] (AsciiDoc) or \f[C]asciidoctor\f[R] (AsciiDoctor)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]beamer\f[R] (LaTeX beamer slide show)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]commonmark\f[R] (CommonMark Markdown)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]commonmark_x\f[R] (CommonMark Markdown with extensions)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]context\f[R] (ConTeXt)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]csljson\f[R] (CSL JSON bibliography)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]docbook\f[R] or \f[C]docbook4\f[R] (DocBook 4)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]docbook5\f[R] (DocBook 5)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]docx\f[R] (Word docx)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]dokuwiki\f[R] (DokuWiki markup)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]epub\f[R] or \f[C]epub3\f[R] (EPUB v3 book)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]epub2\f[R] (EPUB v2)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]fb2\f[R] (FictionBook2 e-book)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]gfm\f[R] (GitHub-Flavored Markdown), or the deprecated and less
accurate \f[C]markdown_github\f[R]; use \f[C]markdown_github\f[R] only
if you need extensions not supported in \f[C]gfm\f[R].
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]haddock\f[R] (Haddock markup)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]html\f[R] or \f[C]html5\f[R] (HTML, i.e.\ HTML5/XHTML polyglot
markup)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]html4\f[R] (XHTML 1.0 Transitional)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]icml\f[R] (InDesign ICML)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]ipynb\f[R] (Jupyter notebook)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]jats_archiving\f[R] (JATS XML, Archiving and Interchange Tag Set)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]jats_articleauthoring\f[R] (JATS XML, Article Authoring Tag Set)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]jats_publishing\f[R] (JATS XML, Journal Publishing Tag Set)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]jats\f[R] (alias for \f[C]jats_archiving\f[R])
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]jira\f[R] (Jira/Confluence wiki markup)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]json\f[R] (JSON version of native AST)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]latex\f[R] (LaTeX)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]man\f[R] (roff man)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]markdown\f[R] (Pandoc\[cq]s Markdown)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]markdown_mmd\f[R] (MultiMarkdown)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]markdown_phpextra\f[R] (PHP Markdown Extra)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]markdown_strict\f[R] (original unextended Markdown)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]mediawiki\f[R] (MediaWiki markup)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]ms\f[R] (roff ms)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]muse\f[R] (Muse),
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]native\f[R] (native Haskell),
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]odt\f[R] (OpenOffice text document)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]opml\f[R] (OPML)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]opendocument\f[R] (OpenDocument)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]org\f[R] (Emacs Org mode)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]pdf\f[R] (PDF)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]plain\f[R] (plain text),
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]pptx\f[R] (PowerPoint slide show)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]rst\f[R] (reStructuredText)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]rtf\f[R] (Rich Text Format)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]texinfo\f[R] (GNU Texinfo)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]textile\f[R] (Textile)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]slideous\f[R] (Slideous HTML and JavaScript slide show)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]slidy\f[R] (Slidy HTML and JavaScript slide show)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]dzslides\f[R] (DZSlides HTML5 + JavaScript slide show),
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]revealjs\f[R] (reveal.js HTML5 + JavaScript slide show)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]s5\f[R] (S5 HTML and JavaScript slide show)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]tei\f[R] (TEI Simple)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]xwiki\f[R] (XWiki markup)
.IP \[bu] 2
\f[C]zimwiki\f[R] (ZimWiki markup)
.IP \[bu] 2
the path of a custom Lua writer, see Custom writers below
.PP
Note that \f[C]odt\f[R], \f[C]docx\f[R], \f[C]epub\f[R], and
\f[C]pdf\f[R] output will not be directed to \f[I]stdout\f[R] unless
forced with \f[C]-o -\f[R].
.PP
Extensions can be individually enabled or disabled by appending
\f[C]+EXTENSION\f[R] or \f[C]-EXTENSION\f[R] to the format name.
See Extensions below, for a list of extensions and their names.
See \f[C]--list-output-formats\f[R] and \f[C]--list-extensions\f[R],
below.
.RE
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-o\f[B]\f[R] \f[I]FILE\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--output=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FILE\f[R]
Write output to \f[I]FILE\f[R] instead of \f[I]stdout\f[R].
If \f[I]FILE\f[R] is \f[C]-\f[R], output will go to \f[I]stdout\f[R],
even if a non-textual format (\f[C]docx\f[R], \f[C]odt\f[R],
\f[C]epub2\f[R], \f[C]epub3\f[R]) is specified.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--data-dir=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]DIRECTORY\f[R]
Specify the user data directory to search for pandoc data files.
If this option is not specified, the default user data directory will be
used.
On *nix and macOS systems this will be the \f[C]pandoc\f[R] subdirectory
of the XDG data directory (by default, \f[C]$HOME/.local/share\f[R],
overridable by setting the \f[C]XDG_DATA_HOME\f[R] environment
variable).
If that directory does not exist, \f[C]$HOME/.pandoc\f[R] will be used
(for backwards compatibility).
In Windows the default user data directory is
\f[C]C:\[rs]Users\[rs]USERNAME\[rs]AppData\[rs]Roaming\[rs]pandoc\f[R].
You can find the default user data directory on your system by looking
at the output of \f[C]pandoc --version\f[R].
A \f[C]reference.odt\f[R], \f[C]reference.docx\f[R], \f[C]epub.css\f[R],
\f[C]templates\f[R], \f[C]slidy\f[R], \f[C]slideous\f[R], or
\f[C]s5\f[R] directory placed in this directory will override
pandoc\[cq]s normal defaults.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-d\f[B]\f[R] \f[I]FILE\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--defaults=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FILE\f[R]
Specify a set of default option settings.
\f[I]FILE\f[R] is a YAML file whose fields correspond to command-line
option settings.
All options for document conversion, including input and output files,
can be set using a defaults file.
The file will be searched for first in the working directory, and then
in the \f[C]defaults\f[R] subdirectory of the user data directory (see
\f[C]--data-dir\f[R]).
The \f[C].yaml\f[R] extension may be omitted.
See the section Default files for more information on the file format.
Settings from the defaults file may be overridden or extended by
subsequent options on the command line.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--bash-completion\f[B]\f[R]
Generate a bash completion script.
To enable bash completion with pandoc, add this to your
\f[C].bashrc\f[R]:
.RS
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
eval \[dq]$(pandoc --bash-completion)\[dq]
\f[R]
.fi
.RE
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--verbose\f[B]\f[R]
Give verbose debugging output.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--quiet\f[B]\f[R]
Suppress warning messages.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--fail-if-warnings\f[B]\f[R]
Exit with error status if there are any warnings.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--log=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FILE\f[R]
Write log messages in machine-readable JSON format to \f[I]FILE\f[R].
All messages above DEBUG level will be written, regardless of verbosity
settings (\f[C]--verbose\f[R], \f[C]--quiet\f[R]).
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--list-input-formats\f[B]\f[R]
List supported input formats, one per line.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--list-output-formats\f[B]\f[R]
List supported output formats, one per line.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--list-extensions\f[B]\f[R][\f[B]\f[CB]=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FORMAT\f[R]]
List supported extensions for \f[I]FORMAT\f[R], one per line, preceded
by a \f[C]+\f[R] or \f[C]-\f[R] indicating whether it is enabled by
default in \f[I]FORMAT\f[R].
If \f[I]FORMAT\f[R] is not specified, defaults for pandoc\[cq]s Markdown
are given.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--list-highlight-languages\f[B]\f[R]
List supported languages for syntax highlighting, one per line.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--list-highlight-styles\f[B]\f[R]
List supported styles for syntax highlighting, one per line.
See \f[C]--highlight-style\f[R].
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-v\f[B]\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--version\f[B]\f[R]
Print version.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-h\f[B]\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--help\f[B]\f[R]
Show usage message.
.SS Reader options
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--shift-heading-level-by=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]NUMBER\f[R]
Shift heading levels by a positive or negative integer.
For example, with \f[C]--shift-heading-level-by=-1\f[R], level 2
headings become level 1 headings, and level 3 headings become level 2
headings.
Headings cannot have a level less than 1, so a heading that would be
shifted below level 1 becomes a regular paragraph.
Exception: with a shift of -N, a level-N heading at the beginning of the
document replaces the metadata title.
\f[C]--shift-heading-level-by=-1\f[R] is a good choice when converting
HTML or Markdown documents that use an initial level-1 heading for the
document title and level-2+ headings for sections.
\f[C]--shift-heading-level-by=1\f[R] may be a good choice for converting
Markdown documents that use level-1 headings for sections to HTML, since
pandoc uses a level-1 heading to render the document title.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--base-header-level=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]NUMBER\f[R]
\f[I]Deprecated. Use \f[CI]--shift-heading-level-by\f[I]=X instead,
where X = NUMBER - 1.\f[R] Specify the base level for headings (defaults
to 1).
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--strip-empty-paragraphs\f[B]\f[R]
\f[I]Deprecated. Use the \f[CI]+empty_paragraphs\f[I] extension
instead.\f[R] Ignore paragraphs with no content.
This option is useful for converting word processing documents where
users have used empty paragraphs to create inter-paragraph space.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--indented-code-classes=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]CLASSES\f[R]
Specify classes to use for indented code blocks\[en]for example,
\f[C]perl,numberLines\f[R] or \f[C]haskell\f[R].
Multiple classes may be separated by spaces or commas.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--default-image-extension=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]EXTENSION\f[R]
Specify a default extension to use when image paths/URLs have no
extension.
This allows you to use the same source for formats that require
different kinds of images.
Currently this option only affects the Markdown and LaTeX readers.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--file-scope\f[B]\f[R]
Parse each file individually before combining for multifile documents.
This will allow footnotes in different files with the same identifiers
to work as expected.
If this option is set, footnotes and links will not work across files.
Reading binary files (docx, odt, epub) implies \f[C]--file-scope\f[R].
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-F\f[B]\f[R] \f[I]PROGRAM\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--filter=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]PROGRAM\f[R]
Specify an executable to be used as a filter transforming the pandoc AST
after the input is parsed and before the output is written.
The executable should read JSON from stdin and write JSON to stdout.
The JSON must be formatted like pandoc\[cq]s own JSON input and output.
The name of the output format will be passed to the filter as the first
argument.
Hence,
.RS
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
pandoc --filter ./caps.py -t latex
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
is equivalent to
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
pandoc -t json | ./caps.py latex | pandoc -f json -t latex
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
The latter form may be useful for debugging filters.
.PP
Filters may be written in any language.
\f[C]Text.Pandoc.JSON\f[R] exports \f[C]toJSONFilter\f[R] to facilitate
writing filters in Haskell.
Those who would prefer to write filters in python can use the module
\f[C]pandocfilters\f[R], installable from PyPI.
There are also pandoc filter libraries in PHP, perl, and
JavaScript/node.js.
.PP
In order of preference, pandoc will look for filters in
.IP "1." 3
a specified full or relative path (executable or non-executable)
.IP "2." 3
\f[C]$DATADIR/filters\f[R] (executable or non-executable) where
\f[C]$DATADIR\f[R] is the user data directory (see \f[C]--data-dir\f[R],
above).
.IP "3." 3
\f[C]$PATH\f[R] (executable only)
.PP
Filters and Lua-filters are applied in the order specified on the
command line.
.RE
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-L\f[B]\f[R] \f[I]SCRIPT\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--lua-filter=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]SCRIPT\f[R]
Transform the document in a similar fashion as JSON filters (see
\f[C]--filter\f[R]), but use pandoc\[cq]s built-in Lua filtering system.
The given Lua script is expected to return a list of Lua filters which
will be applied in order.
Each Lua filter must contain element-transforming functions indexed by
the name of the AST element on which the filter function should be
applied.
.RS
.PP
The \f[C]pandoc\f[R] Lua module provides helper functions for element
creation.
It is always loaded into the script\[cq]s Lua environment.
.PP
The following is an example Lua script for macro-expansion:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
function expand_hello_world(inline)
if inline.c == \[aq]{{helloworld}}\[aq] then
return pandoc.Emph{ pandoc.Str \[dq]Hello, World\[dq] }
else
return inline
end
end
return {{Str = expand_hello_world}}
\f[R]
.fi
.PP
In order of preference, pandoc will look for Lua filters in
.IP "1." 3
a specified full or relative path (executable or non-executable)
.IP "2." 3
\f[C]$DATADIR/filters\f[R] (executable or non-executable) where
\f[C]$DATADIR\f[R] is the user data directory (see \f[C]--data-dir\f[R],
above).
.RE
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-M\f[B]\f[R] \f[I]KEY\f[R][\f[B]\f[CB]=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]VAL\f[R]], \f[B]\f[CB]--metadata=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]KEY\f[R][\f[B]\f[CB]:\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]VAL\f[R]]
Set the metadata field \f[I]KEY\f[R] to the value \f[I]VAL\f[R].
A value specified on the command line overrides a value specified in the
document using YAML metadata blocks.
Values will be parsed as YAML boolean or string values.
If no value is specified, the value will be treated as Boolean true.
Like \f[C]--variable\f[R], \f[C]--metadata\f[R] causes template
variables to be set.
But unlike \f[C]--variable\f[R], \f[C]--metadata\f[R] affects the
metadata of the underlying document (which is accessible from filters
and may be printed in some output formats) and metadata values will be
escaped when inserted into the template.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--metadata-file=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FILE\f[R]
Read metadata from the supplied YAML (or JSON) file.
This option can be used with every input format, but string scalars in
the YAML file will always be parsed as Markdown.
Generally, the input will be handled the same as in YAML metadata
blocks.
This option can be used repeatedly to include multiple metadata files;
values in files specified later on the command line will be preferred
over those specified in earlier files.
Metadata values specified inside the document, or by using \f[C]-M\f[R],
overwrite values specified with this option.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-p\f[B]\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--preserve-tabs\f[B]\f[R]
Preserve tabs instead of converting them to spaces.
(By default, pandoc converts tabs to spaces before parsing its input.)
Note that this will only affect tabs in literal code spans and code
blocks.
Tabs in regular text are always treated as spaces.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--tab-stop=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]NUMBER\f[R]
Specify the number of spaces per tab (default is 4).
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--track-changes=accept\f[B]\f[R]|\f[B]\f[CB]reject\f[B]\f[R]|\f[B]\f[CB]all\f[B]\f[R]
Specifies what to do with insertions, deletions, and comments produced
by the MS Word \[lq]Track Changes\[rq] feature.
\f[C]accept\f[R] (the default) processes all the insertions and
deletions.
\f[C]reject\f[R] ignores them.
Both \f[C]accept\f[R] and \f[C]reject\f[R] ignore comments.
\f[C]all\f[R] includes all insertions, deletions, and comments, wrapped
in spans with \f[C]insertion\f[R], \f[C]deletion\f[R],
\f[C]comment-start\f[R], and \f[C]comment-end\f[R] classes,
respectively.
The author and time of change is included.
\f[C]all\f[R] is useful for scripting: only accepting changes from a
certain reviewer, say, or before a certain date.
If a paragraph is inserted or deleted, \f[C]track-changes=all\f[R]
produces a span with the class
\f[C]paragraph-insertion\f[R]/\f[C]paragraph-deletion\f[R] before the
affected paragraph break.
This option only affects the docx reader.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--extract-media=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]DIR\f[R]
Extract images and other media contained in or linked from the source
document to the path \f[I]DIR\f[R], creating it if necessary, and adjust
the images references in the document so they point to the extracted
files.
If the source format is a binary container (docx, epub, or odt), the
media is extracted from the container and the original filenames are
used.
Otherwise the media is read from the file system or downloaded, and new
filenames are constructed based on SHA1 hashes of the contents.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--abbreviations=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FILE\f[R]
Specifies a custom abbreviations file, with abbreviations one to a line.
If this option is not specified, pandoc will read the data file
\f[C]abbreviations\f[R] from the user data directory or fall back on a
system default.
To see the system default, use
\f[C]pandoc --print-default-data-file=abbreviations\f[R].
The only use pandoc makes of this list is in the Markdown reader.
Strings ending in a period that are found in this list will be followed
by a nonbreaking space, so that the period will not produce
sentence-ending space in formats like LaTeX.
.SS General writer options
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-s\f[B]\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--standalone\f[B]\f[R]
Produce output with an appropriate header and footer (e.g.\ a standalone
HTML, LaTeX, TEI, or RTF file, not a fragment).
This option is set automatically for \f[C]pdf\f[R], \f[C]epub\f[R],
\f[C]epub3\f[R], \f[C]fb2\f[R], \f[C]docx\f[R], and \f[C]odt\f[R]
output.
For \f[C]native\f[R] output, this option causes metadata to be included;
otherwise, metadata is suppressed.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--template=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FILE\f[R]|\f[I]URL\f[R]
Use the specified file as a custom template for the generated document.
Implies \f[C]--standalone\f[R].
See Templates, below, for a description of template syntax.
If no extension is specified, an extension corresponding to the writer
will be added, so that \f[C]--template=special\f[R] looks for
\f[C]special.html\f[R] for HTML output.
If the template is not found, pandoc will search for it in the
\f[C]templates\f[R] subdirectory of the user data directory (see
\f[C]--data-dir\f[R]).
If this option is not used, a default template appropriate for the
output format will be used (see \f[C]-D/--print-default-template\f[R]).
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-V\f[B]\f[R] \f[I]KEY\f[R][\f[B]\f[CB]=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]VAL\f[R]], \f[B]\f[CB]--variable=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]KEY\f[R][\f[B]\f[CB]:\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]VAL\f[R]]
Set the template variable \f[I]KEY\f[R] to the value \f[I]VAL\f[R] when
rendering the document in standalone mode.
If no \f[I]VAL\f[R] is specified, the key will be given the value
\f[C]true\f[R].
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-D\f[B]\f[R] \f[I]FORMAT\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--print-default-template=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FORMAT\f[R]
Print the system default template for an output \f[I]FORMAT\f[R].
(See \f[C]-t\f[R] for a list of possible \f[I]FORMAT\f[R]s.) Templates
in the user data directory are ignored.
This option may be used with \f[C]-o\f[R]/\f[C]--output\f[R] to redirect
output to a file, but \f[C]-o\f[R]/\f[C]--output\f[R] must come before
\f[C]--print-default-template\f[R] on the command line.
.RS
.PP
Note that some of the default templates use partials, for example
\f[C]styles.html\f[R].
To print the partials, use \f[C]--print-default-data-file\f[R]: for
example, \f[C]--print-default-data-file=templates/styles.html\f[R].
.RE
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--print-default-data-file=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FILE\f[R]
Print a system default data file.
Files in the user data directory are ignored.
This option may be used with \f[C]-o\f[R]/\f[C]--output\f[R] to redirect
output to a file, but \f[C]-o\f[R]/\f[C]--output\f[R] must come before
\f[C]--print-default-data-file\f[R] on the command line.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--eol=crlf\f[B]\f[R]|\f[B]\f[CB]lf\f[B]\f[R]|\f[B]\f[CB]native\f[B]\f[R]
Manually specify line endings: \f[C]crlf\f[R] (Windows), \f[C]lf\f[R]
(macOS/Linux/UNIX), or \f[C]native\f[R] (line endings appropriate to the
OS on which pandoc is being run).
The default is \f[C]native\f[R].
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--dpi\f[B]\f[R]=\f[I]NUMBER\f[R]
Specify the default dpi (dots per inch) value for conversion from pixels
to inch/centimeters and vice versa.
(Technically, the correct term would be ppi: pixels per inch.) The
default is 96dpi.
When images contain information about dpi internally, the encoded value
is used instead of the default specified by this option.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--wrap=auto\f[B]\f[R]|\f[B]\f[CB]none\f[B]\f[R]|\f[B]\f[CB]preserve\f[B]\f[R]
Determine how text is wrapped in the output (the source code, not the
rendered version).
With \f[C]auto\f[R] (the default), pandoc will attempt to wrap lines to
the column width specified by \f[C]--columns\f[R] (default 72).
With \f[C]none\f[R], pandoc will not wrap lines at all.
With \f[C]preserve\f[R], pandoc will attempt to preserve the wrapping
from the source document (that is, where there are nonsemantic newlines
in the source, there will be nonsemantic newlines in the output as
well).
Automatic wrapping does not currently work in HTML output.
In \f[C]ipynb\f[R] output, this option affects wrapping of the contents
of markdown cells.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--columns=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]NUMBER\f[R]
Specify length of lines in characters.
This affects text wrapping in the generated source code (see
\f[C]--wrap\f[R]).
It also affects calculation of column widths for plain text tables (see
Tables below).
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--toc\f[B]\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--table-of-contents\f[B]\f[R]
Include an automatically generated table of contents (or, in the case of
\f[C]latex\f[R], \f[C]context\f[R], \f[C]docx\f[R], \f[C]odt\f[R],
\f[C]opendocument\f[R], \f[C]rst\f[R], or \f[C]ms\f[R], an instruction
to create one) in the output document.
This option has no effect unless \f[C]-s/--standalone\f[R] is used, and
it has no effect on \f[C]man\f[R], \f[C]docbook4\f[R],
\f[C]docbook5\f[R], or \f[C]jats\f[R] output.
.RS
.PP
Note that if you are producing a PDF via \f[C]ms\f[R], the table of
contents will appear at the beginning of the document, before the title.
If you would prefer it to be at the end of the document, use the option
\f[C]--pdf-engine-opt=--no-toc-relocation\f[R].
.RE
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--toc-depth=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]NUMBER\f[R]
Specify the number of section levels to include in the table of
contents.
The default is 3 (which means that level-1, 2, and 3 headings will be
listed in the contents).
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--strip-comments\f[B]\f[R]
Strip out HTML comments in the Markdown or Textile source, rather than
passing them on to Markdown, Textile or HTML output as raw HTML.
This does not apply to HTML comments inside raw HTML blocks when the
\f[C]markdown_in_html_blocks\f[R] extension is not set.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--no-highlight\f[B]\f[R]
Disables syntax highlighting for code blocks and inlines, even when a
language attribute is given.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--highlight-style=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]STYLE\f[R]|\f[I]FILE\f[R]
Specifies the coloring style to be used in highlighted source code.
Options are \f[C]pygments\f[R] (the default), \f[C]kate\f[R],
\f[C]monochrome\f[R], \f[C]breezeDark\f[R], \f[C]espresso\f[R],
\f[C]zenburn\f[R], \f[C]haddock\f[R], and \f[C]tango\f[R].
For more information on syntax highlighting in pandoc, see Syntax
highlighting, below.
See also \f[C]--list-highlight-styles\f[R].
.RS
.PP
Instead of a \f[I]STYLE\f[R] name, a JSON file with extension
\f[C].theme\f[R] may be supplied.
This will be parsed as a KDE syntax highlighting theme and (if valid)
used as the highlighting style.
.PP
To generate the JSON version of an existing style, use
\f[C]--print-highlight-style\f[R].
.RE
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--print-highlight-style=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]STYLE\f[R]|\f[I]FILE\f[R]
Prints a JSON version of a highlighting style, which can be modified,
saved with a \f[C].theme\f[R] extension, and used with
\f[C]--highlight-style\f[R].
This option may be used with \f[C]-o\f[R]/\f[C]--output\f[R] to redirect
output to a file, but \f[C]-o\f[R]/\f[C]--output\f[R] must come before
\f[C]--print-highlight-style\f[R] on the command line.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--syntax-definition=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FILE\f[R]
Instructs pandoc to load a KDE XML syntax definition file, which will be
used for syntax highlighting of appropriately marked code blocks.
This can be used to add support for new languages or to use altered
syntax definitions for existing languages.
This option may be repeated to add multiple syntax definitions.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-H\f[B]\f[R] \f[I]FILE\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--include-in-header=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FILE\f[R]|\f[I]URL\f[R]
Include contents of \f[I]FILE\f[R], verbatim, at the end of the header.
This can be used, for example, to include special CSS or JavaScript in
HTML documents.
This option can be used repeatedly to include multiple files in the
header.
They will be included in the order specified.
Implies \f[C]--standalone\f[R].
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-B\f[B]\f[R] \f[I]FILE\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--include-before-body=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FILE\f[R]|\f[I]URL\f[R]
Include contents of \f[I]FILE\f[R], verbatim, at the beginning of the
document body (e.g.\ after the \f[C]<body>\f[R] tag in HTML, or the
\f[C]\[rs]begin{document}\f[R] command in LaTeX).
This can be used to include navigation bars or banners in HTML
documents.
This option can be used repeatedly to include multiple files.
They will be included in the order specified.
Implies \f[C]--standalone\f[R].
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]-A\f[B]\f[R] \f[I]FILE\f[R], \f[B]\f[CB]--include-after-body=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]FILE\f[R]|\f[I]URL\f[R]
Include contents of \f[I]FILE\f[R], verbatim, at the end of the document
body (before the \f[C]</body>\f[R] tag in HTML, or the
\f[C]\[rs]end{document}\f[R] command in LaTeX).
This option can be used repeatedly to include multiple files.
They will be included in the order specified.
Implies \f[C]--standalone\f[R].
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--resource-path=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]SEARCHPATH\f[R]
List of paths to search for images and other resources.
The paths should be separated by \f[C]:\f[R] on Linux, UNIX, and macOS
systems, and by \f[C];\f[R] on Windows.
If \f[C]--resource-path\f[R] is not specified, the default resource path
is the working directory.
Note that, if \f[C]--resource-path\f[R] is specified, the working
directory must be explicitly listed or it will not be searched.
For example: \f[C]--resource-path=.:test\f[R] will search the working
directory and the \f[C]test\f[R] subdirectory, in that order.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--request-header=\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]NAME\f[R]\f[B]\f[CB]:\f[B]\f[R]\f[I]VAL\f[R]
Set the request header \f[I]NAME\f[R] to the value \f[I]VAL\f[R] when
making HTTP requests (for example, when a URL is given on the command
line, or when resources used in a document must be downloaded).
If you\[cq]re behind a proxy, you also need to set the environment
variable \f[C]http_proxy\f[R] to \f[C]http://...\f[R].
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--no-check-certificate\f[B]\f[R]
Disable the certificate verification to allow access to unsecure HTTP
resources (for example when the certificate is no longer valid or self
signed).
.SS Options affecting specific writers
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--self-contained\f[B]\f[R]
Produce a standalone HTML file with no external dependencies, using
\f[C]data:\f[R] URIs to incorporate the contents of linked scripts,
stylesheets, images, and videos.
Implies \f[C]--standalone\f[R].
The resulting file should be \[lq]self-contained,\[rq] in the sense that
it needs no external files and no net access to be displayed properly by
a browser.
This option works only with HTML output formats, including
\f[C]html4\f[R], \f[C]html5\f[R], \f[C]html+lhs\f[R],
\f[C]html5+lhs\f[R], \f[C]s5\f[R], \f[C]slidy\f[R], \f[C]slideous\f[R],
\f[C]dzslides\f[R], and \f[C]revealjs\f[R].
Scripts, images, and stylesheets at absolute URLs will be downloaded;
those at relative URLs will be sought relative to the working directory
(if the first source file is local) or relative to the base URL (if the
first source file is remote).
Elements with the attribute \f[C]data-external=\[dq]1\[dq]\f[R] will be
left alone; the documents they link to will not be incorporated in the
document.
Limitation: resources that are loaded dynamically through JavaScript
cannot be incorporated; as a result, \f[C]--self-contained\f[R] does not
work with \f[C]--mathjax\f[R], and some advanced features (e.g.\ zoom or
speaker notes) may not work in an offline \[lq]self-contained\[rq]
\f[C]reveal.js\f[R] slide show.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--html-q-tags\f[B]\f[R]
Use \f[C]<q>\f[R] tags for quotes in HTML.
(This option only has an effect if the \f[C]smart\f[R] extension is
enabled for the input format used.)
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--ascii\f[B]\f[R]
Use only ASCII characters in output.
Currently supported for XML and HTML formats (which use entities instead
of UTF-8 when this option is selected), CommonMark, gfm, and Markdown
(which use entities), roff ms (which use hexadecimal escapes), and to a
limited degree LaTeX (which uses standard commands for accented
characters when possible).
roff man output uses ASCII by default.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--reference-links\f[B]\f[R]
Use reference-style links, rather than inline links, in writing Markdown
or reStructuredText.
By default inline links are used.
The placement of link references is affected by the
\f[C]--reference-location\f[R] option.
.TP
\f[B]\f[CB]--reference-location=block\f[B]\f[R]|\f[B]\f[CB]section\f[B]\f[R]|\f[B]\f[CB]document\f[B]\f[R]
Specify whether footnotes (and references, if \f[C]reference-links\f[R]
is set) are placed at the end of the current (top-level) block, the
current section, or the document.
The default is \f[C]document\f[R].