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strawman-and-uptane-threat-models.json
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strawman-and-uptane-threat-models.json
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{
"version": "2.2.0",
"summary": {
"title": "OTA Basic",
"owner": "Yasho",
"description": "OTA update system and threats associated with it.",
"id": 0
},
"detail": {
"contributors": [],
"diagrams": [
{
"id": 1,
"title": "Strawman OTA Stride 2",
"diagramType": "STRIDE",
"placeholder": "New STRIDE diagram description",
"thumbnail": "./public/content/images/thumbnail.stride.jpg",
"version": "2.2.0",
"cells": [
{
"position": {
"x": 1560,
"y": 690
},
"size": {
"width": 490,
"height": 270
},
"shape": "trust-boundary-box",
"attrs": {
"headerText": {
"text": "Target ECU Trust Boundary"
}
},
"zIndex": -1,
"id": "66f5bd90-33e0-4c99-8262-86633cca56f3",
"data": {
"type": "tm.BoundaryBox",
"name": "Target ECU Trust Boundary",
"description": "",
"isTrustBoundary": true,
"hasOpenThreats": false
}
},
{
"position": {
"x": 1318,
"y": 380.00000000000165
},
"size": {
"width": 700,
"height": 160
},
"shape": "trust-boundary-box",
"attrs": {
"headerText": {
"text": "Gateway ECU Trust Boundary"
}
},
"zIndex": -1,
"id": "bd71625f-64bf-4a4d-80d0-83f4d7513cec",
"data": {
"type": "tm.BoundaryBox",
"name": "Gateway ECU Trust Boundary",
"description": "",
"isTrustBoundary": true,
"hasOpenThreats": false
}
},
{
"position": {
"x": 1615,
"y": 410
},
"size": {
"width": 200,
"height": 90
},
"attrs": {
"text": {
"text": "Firmware & Software images"
},
"body": {
"stroke": "#333333",
"strokeWidth": 1.5,
"strokeDasharray": null
}
},
"visible": true,
"shape": "actor",
"zIndex": 1,
"id": "ce5d9a9b-37c1-4ebc-b173-48503f54ce7c",
"data": {
"type": "tm.Actor",
"name": "Firmware & Software images",
"description": "",
"outOfScope": false,
"reasonOutOfScope": "",
"hasOpenThreats": false,
"providesAuthentication": false,
"threats": [
{
"id": "b6d3f2d2-5dc6-4155-b3a0-cd1cd8313b3f",
"title": "Spoofing identity of legitimate source",
"status": "Mitigated",
"severity": "Medium",
"type": "Spoofing",
"description": "An attacker may attempt to spoof the identity of the legitimate update source and trick the devices into downloading and installing firmware from a malicious source",
"mitigation": " Use digital signatures and certificates to verify the identity of the source before accepting and applying the update. Employing cryptographic mechanisms ensures that only firmware signed by a trusted entity is installed.",
"modelType": "STRIDE",
"new": false,
"number": 10,
"score": ""
},
{
"id": "04060be9-02fe-4204-b824-dd00afc0f3c7",
"title": "New STRIDE threat",
"status": "Mitigated",
"severity": "Low",
"type": "Repudiation",
"description": "The update server could deny supplying a particular firmware version or the device could deny receiving and installing the update",
"mitigation": "Ensure secure logging and auditing on both the OEM's update server and the ECU installing an update. Logs should be tamper proof and include details of the firmware updates, including sources and checksums",
"modelType": "STRIDE",
"new": false,
"number": 21,
"score": "3"
}
]
}
},
{
"position": {
"x": 540,
"y": 330
},
"size": {
"width": 330,
"height": 290
},
"attrs": {
"text": {
"text": "Update server"
},
"body": {
"stroke": "#333333",
"strokeWidth": 1.5,
"strokeDasharray": null
}
},
"visible": true,
"shape": "actor",
"zIndex": 2,
"id": "e84ecfa4-c7ab-48b5-b667-302ae6c22ec0",
"data": {
"type": "tm.Actor",
"name": "Update server",
"description": "",
"outOfScope": false,
"reasonOutOfScope": "",
"hasOpenThreats": false,
"providesAuthentication": false,
"threats": [
{
"id": "06578a19-d642-40e0-9888-8c716e53314c",
"title": "Spoofing",
"status": "Mitigated",
"severity": "Medium",
"type": "Spoofing",
"description": "An attacker may try to spoof the identity of the update server and trick devices into thinking they are communicating with the legitimate server. ",
"mitigation": "Use strong authentication mechanisms like TLS certificates to verify the identity of the update servers. ",
"modelType": "STRIDE",
"new": false,
"number": 26,
"score": ""
},
{
"id": "57c52d37-c6a4-40aa-bb78-2c09c3f2856b",
"title": "New STRIDE threat",
"status": "Mitigated",
"severity": "Medium",
"type": "Repudiation",
"description": "The update server could deny sending a firmware version or deny having sent it.",
"mitigation": "Implement logging and auditing on both, the ECU and the update server. Logs should be secure and should record all information regarding the firmware update, including timestamp, firmware numbers, hashes, filenames, etc.",
"modelType": "STRIDE",
"new": false,
"number": 27,
"score": ""
}
]
}
},
{
"position": {
"x": 376.5,
"y": 665.000000000004
},
"size": {
"width": 120,
"height": 60
},
"attrs": {
"text": {
"text": "OEM SW & FW \ndatabase"
},
"topLine": {
"strokeWidth": 1.5,
"strokeDasharray": "4 3"
},
"bottomLine": {
"strokeWidth": 1.5,
"strokeDasharray": "4 3"
}
},
"visible": true,
"shape": "store",
"zIndex": 4,
"id": "d8fd8f48-b119-4bd6-bbb1-13d1d98ec3e0",
"data": {
"type": "tm.Store",
"name": "OEM SW & FW \ndatabase",
"description": "",
"outOfScope": true,
"reasonOutOfScope": "",
"hasOpenThreats": false,
"isALog": false,
"isEncrypted": false,
"isSigned": false,
"storesCredentials": false,
"storesInventory": false,
"threats": [
{
"id": "a5aba258-2f38-4110-b6b5-ab379e3e9a67",
"title": "Tampering",
"status": "Mitigated",
"severity": "Medium",
"type": "Tampering",
"description": "Software images stored on the OEM's server can be modified, thereby compromising ALL updates to ALL vehicles under the OEM.",
"mitigation": "Ensure strong network and physical security practices",
"modelType": "STRIDE",
"new": false,
"number": 70,
"score": ""
}
]
}
},
{
"position": {
"x": 559.5000000000006,
"y": 549.9999999999995
},
"size": {
"width": 170,
"height": 50
},
"attrs": {
"text": {
"text": "Update authentication\ncredentials"
},
"body": {
"stroke": "#333333",
"strokeWidth": 1.5,
"strokeDasharray": null
}
},
"visible": true,
"shape": "actor",
"zIndex": 5,
"id": "0e1def14-5e92-4f50-bd11-bdd691667507",
"data": {
"type": "tm.Actor",
"name": "Update authentication\ncredentials",
"description": "",
"outOfScope": false,
"reasonOutOfScope": "",
"hasOpenThreats": false,
"providesAuthentication": false,
"threats": [
{
"id": "c24bb41f-33b8-4289-9d08-ad271d8086a8",
"title": "New STRIDE threat",
"status": "Mitigated",
"severity": "Medium",
"type": "Spoofing",
"description": "Update authentication credentials could be stolen or forged to impersonate a legitimate (or older) update, tricking devices to install malicious updates.",
"mitigation": "Store authentication credentials securely on the device, using hardware-based security modules such as TPM (Trusted Platform Module) or HSM (Hardware Security Module). Implement multi-factor authentication where possible.",
"modelType": "STRIDE",
"new": false,
"number": 50,
"score": ""
}
]
}
},
{
"position": {
"x": 1318,
"y": 390
},
"size": {
"width": 210,
"height": 130
},
"attrs": {
"text": {
"text": "Gateway ECU"
},
"body": {
"stroke": "red",
"strokeWidth": 2.5,
"strokeDasharray": null
}
},
"visible": true,
"shape": "process",
"zIndex": 6,
"id": "aa73d92e-d4f8-4d86-bfbf-bf8e578a1915",
"data": {
"type": "tm.Process",
"name": "Gateway ECU",
"description": "(the internet)",
"outOfScope": false,
"reasonOutOfScope": "",
"hasOpenThreats": true,
"handlesCardPayment": false,
"handlesGoodsOrServices": false,
"isWebApplication": false,
"privilegeLevel": "",
"threats": [
{
"id": "ab8a75dd-bf75-4f21-b5b3-9dcd3bcbe4e3",
"title": "Spoofing identity of endpoints",
"status": "Mitigated",
"severity": "Medium",
"type": "Spoofing",
"description": "An attacker could impersonate either endpoints and trick the other into thinking they have established a connection with the legitimate endpoint and then intercept traffic between the update server and device.",
"mitigation": "Use mutual authentication protocols (like TLS certificates) to ensure that both the update server and the TLS client verify each others' identities before transmitting data.",
"modelType": "STRIDE",
"new": false,
"number": 39,
"score": ""
},
{
"id": "24ec8fea-fc3f-4100-b484-2d7cb6166c9c",
"title": "New STRIDE threat",
"status": "Mitigated",
"severity": "Medium",
"type": "Tampering",
"description": "An attacker could intercept and alter the data being sent over the communication channel ",
"mitigation": "Employ end-to-end encryption using protocols like TLS to protect data integrity and confidentiality during transmission. Use cryptographic hash functions and digital signatures to ensure data has not been tampered with.",
"modelType": "STRIDE",
"new": false,
"number": 41,
"score": ""
},
{
"id": "84d10396-219e-4661-94c8-79002b6ffef4",
"title": "New STRIDE threat",
"status": "Mitigated",
"severity": "Medium",
"type": "Information disclosure",
"description": "An attacker could read the data being transmitted over the communication channel and capture sensitive information such as firmware details, keys, personal data, etc.",
"mitigation": "Use strong encryption protocols like TLS to encrypt the data being transmitted. Implement access control and monitor network traffic for detecting eavesdropping/MITM scenarios.",
"modelType": "STRIDE",
"new": false,
"number": 42,
"score": ""
},
{
"id": "1044ec81-c5ca-4a77-912c-777a9f263fc8",
"title": "New STRIDE threat",
"status": "NotApplicable",
"severity": "Medium",
"type": "Repudiation",
"description": "Either party could deny having sent or received any the firmware update/other data sent over the channel.",
"mitigation": "Mitigations such as implementation of strong logging mechanisms on both ends won't be for the communication channel, but for the two parties involved ",
"modelType": "STRIDE",
"new": false,
"number": 43,
"score": ""
},
{
"id": "eb70de39-82c2-4a66-b33e-2dce888ccf38",
"title": "New STRIDE threat",
"status": "Mitigated",
"severity": "Medium",
"type": "Denial of service",
"description": "An attacker could flood the gateway ECU with traffic, overwhelming it and preventing any legitimate flow of traffic, disrupting the update process. ",
"mitigation": "Implement rate limiting, traffic filtering, anomaly detection, etc. to detect and avoid DoS attacks. Use load balancing and redundancy to ensure that legitimate traffic can reach its destination. ",
"modelType": "STRIDE",
"new": false,
"number": 44,
"score": ""
},
{
"id": "bb8a5f0a-4e2c-4d2c-9c16-35f6aaab62f9",
"title": "New STRIDE threat",
"status": "Mitigated",
"severity": "Medium",
"type": "Elevation of privilege",
"description": "Elevation of privilege on the network could give the attacker unauthorized access to the server or the device and alter the update process.",
"mitigation": "Segment network traffic and enforce strict firewall rules to limit communication paths. Use intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDPS) to monitor and respond to suspicious activities. Ensure that communication channels are secured using strong, up-to-date cryptographic protocols.\n",
"modelType": "STRIDE",
"new": false,
"number": 45,
"score": ""
},
{
"id": "81fedb49-b5e3-4ea0-ae88-478463703a35",
"title": "Slow retrieval attack",
"status": "Open",
"severity": "Medium",
"type": "Denial of service",
"description": "An attacker or someone claiming to be the vehicle can slow down network traffic, sending only enough packets to avoid timeouts. ",
"mitigation": "",
"modelType": "STRIDE",
"new": false,
"number": 81,
"score": ""
}
]
}
},
{
"position": {
"x": 1853,
"y": 425
},
"size": {
"width": 112.5,
"height": 60
},
"attrs": {
"text": {
"text": "Update metadata"
},
"body": {
"stroke": "#333333",
"strokeWidth": 1.5,
"strokeDasharray": null
}
},
"visible": true,
"shape": "actor",
"zIndex": 8,
"id": "726b0350-daef-47a9-a14c-9f4040a0bf0d",
"data": {
"type": "tm.Actor",
"name": "Update metadata",
"description": "",
"outOfScope": false,
"reasonOutOfScope": "",
"hasOpenThreats": false,
"providesAuthentication": false,
"threats": []
}
},
{
"shape": "flow",
"attrs": {
"line": {
"stroke": "#333333",
"targetMarker": {
"name": "block"
},
"sourceMarker": {
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},
"strokeDasharray": null
}
},
"width": 200,
"height": 100,
"zIndex": 10,
"connector": "smooth",
"data": {
"type": "tm.Flow",
"name": "Data Flow",
"description": "",
"outOfScope": false,
"reasonOutOfScope": "",
"hasOpenThreats": false,
"isBidirectional": false,
"isEncrypted": false,
"isPublicNetwork": false,
"protocol": "",
"threats": []
},
"id": "d66cf89d-69c9-4c13-b42a-676b8d371beb",
"source": {
"x": 1815,
"y": 455
},
"target": {
"cell": "726b0350-daef-47a9-a14c-9f4040a0bf0d"
}
},
{
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"connector": "smooth",
"data": {
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