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We use this repo to test out if an AI that was trained in a simulated cyber range (e.g.Network Attack Simulator (NASim)) can be applied in a virtual machine range and complete the penetration task in a small-scale enterprise-level network scenario.

Overview

  1. Setup a enterprise-level virtual machine network with a variety of virtual machines that has different operating systems.

  2. Transfer/duplicate the virtual machine network to NASim to create a AI training simulation environment.

  3. Train the AI in the NASim simulation environment to use using our proposed reinforcement learning algorithm -- CLAP.

  4. Using this script (run.py), which automatically executes the RL agent's discovered optimal RL strategy, complete the penetration task in the virtual machine range.

Backgrounds

Virtual Machine Networks Build Up

We build up the vitrual machine network following 0xBEN's tutorial: https://benheater.com/building-a-security-lab-in-virtualbox/.

The configuration and target machines are described as follows: Security Lab Configuration

  • Attacker

    • Kali Linux
    • IP-Address: 10.0.0.14

  • Victim 01

    • Metasploitable 2
    • IP-Address: 10.6.6.13

  • Victim 02

    • Metasploitable 2
    • IP-Address: 10.80.80.5

NASim configurations

  • The penetration task's goal is to gain root access to the target node.

  • The agent's available actions are "scan," "exploit," and "privilege escalation."

The virtual machine network can be translated into NASim configurations, as shown in the table below.

NASim Virtual Machine Network Subnet ID Hosts IDs
External Network kali 0 (0,0)
DMZ pfSense Router 1 (1,0)
Sensitive Subnet Isolated Network 2 (2,0),(2,1),(2,2)*
User Subnet Windows AD 3 (3,0),(3,1),(3,2)

Optimal Policy

We use our previously developed RL algorithim proposed in "Behaviour-Diverse Automatic Penetration Testing: A Curiosity-Driven Multi-Objective Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach" to train a AI agent. Under this scenario its optimal policy can be interpreted into the following sequence of actions:

  • 'SubnetScan'Host "(0, 0)",
  • 'Exploit' Host "(1, 0)",
  • 'Exploit' Host "(2, 2)",
  • 'Exploit' Host "(3, 1)",
  • 'PrivEsc' Host "(3, 1)",

However, to make sure such optimal attack path can actually works in the VM network, we have to add some scans.

Requirements

Usage

After setup the virtual machine network, clone this repo to the kali machine:

git clone https://github.com/yyzpiero/auto-pentesting-vm-range.git

after install the required packages, run the python script:

python run.py

Please note that, for ssh brute force we provide a neat password file with know credentials on metasploitable 2

DEMO

The following example depicts the entire automated process of penetrating the Virtual Range System, starting from the Kali Linux attacker host.

TODOs

  • Windows Hosts Exploitation
  • PrivEsc