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AWTK 中的界面描述数据

AWTK 可以直接加载 XML 格式的和二进制格式的界面描述数据，从性能和资源开销的角度考虑，二进制格式是更好的选择，AWTK 提供了工具将 XML 格式转换成二进制格式的界面描述数据，其工作流程如下：

AWStudio 在开发之中...

一、界面描述数据的使用方法

1. 创建 XML 格式的界面描述文件

AWTK XML 界面描述数据非常紧凑和直观。标签的名称对应控件的类型，标签的属性对应控件的属性。常见的属性有：

  • x x 坐标
  • y y 坐标
  • w 宽度
  • h 高度
  • text 文本
  • value 值
  • name 是控件的名称，创建完成之后可以用 widget_look_up 函数找到指定名称的控件。

控件的属性请参考控件的文档。

用户可以定义自己的需要的属性。

x/y/w/h 可以使用 AWTK 的 layout 参数。

示例：

<window name="main" x="0" y="0" w="320" h="480">
  <button name="inc" x="10" y="5" w="40%" h="30" text="Inc"/>
  <button name="dec" x="right:10" y="5" w="40%" h="30" text="Dec"/>
  <image name="img" x="10" y="230" w="100" h="100"/>
  <label name="" x="10" y="40" w="80" h="30" text="Left"/>
  <label name="" x="100" y="40" w="80" h="30" text="Center"/>
  <label name="" x="200" y="40" w="80" h="30" text="Right"/>
  <progress_bar name="bar1" x="10" y="80" w="168" h="30" value="40"/>
  <progress_bar name="bar2" x="260" y="80" w="30" h="118" value="20" vertical="true"/>
  <check_button name="c1" x="10" y="150" w="80" h="30" text="Book"/>
  <check_button name="c2" x="100" y="150" w="80" h="30" text="Food"/>
  <radio_button name="r1" x="10" y="200" w="80" h="30" text="Book"/>
  <radio_button name="r2" x="100" y="200" w="80" h="30" text="Food"/>
  <radio_button name="r3" x="190" y="200" w="80" h="30" text="Pencil" value="true"/>
  <button name="dialog" x="10" y="260" w="40%" h="30" text="Dialog"/>
  <button name="dialog2" x="right:10" y="260" w="40%" h="30" text="Dialog2"/>
</window>

有时 text 或其它属性中出现了<>"等特殊字符，需要转义成 entity 才符合 XML 规范，此时使用起来比较麻烦。可以把它放到 property 标签中，并用 CDATA 把它括起来。如：

示例:

  <rich_text x="0" y="0" w="100%" h="60">
    <property name="text">
      <![CDATA[<image name="bricks"/><font align_v="middle">hello awtk!</font><font color="red" size="32">ZLG</font>]]>
    </property>
  </rich_text>

property 标签必须放在第一个控件之前。

除了x、y、w和h的任何属性都可以放到 property TAG 中，请根据实际情况决定。

2. 预览 XML 格式的界面描述文件

XML UI 文件写好后，可以用预览工具预览。如：

./bin/preview_ui demos/assets/raw/ui/main.xml

3. 转换成二进制格式的界面描述文件

对 XML 预览的效果满意之后，把它转换成二进制的格式：

 ./bin/xml_to_ui window1.xml window1.data

为了方便在没有文件系统的嵌入式系统中使用，直接生成常量数据，和程序一起编译。如：

  1 const unsigned char ui_window1[] = {
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4. 使用二进制格式的界面描述文件

在程序中引用，并放入资源管理器中：

#include "res/ui/window1.data"
...

assets_manager_add((const asset_info_t*)ui_window1);

在需要打开该窗口时，调用 window_open 函数（对话框用 dialog_open):

  widget_t* win = window_open(name);

  widget_child_on(win, "ok", EVT_CLICK, on_ok, win);
  widget_child_on(win, "cancel", EVT_CLICK, on_cancel, win);