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<h2>A Bibliography of Primary Sources on Early Sufism</h2>
<p id="p-one">The following bibliography presents the Arabic sources that are extant or largely reproduced in later writings<sup><a href="#one">1</a></sup> by the earliest Sufis or "proto-Sufis" who were active before or contemporary with <a href="https://www.academia.edu/11926762/The_Textual_Legacy_of_Abū_l-Qāsim_al-Qušayrī_A_Bibliographic_Record">ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Qushayrī</a> (d. Nishapur, 465/1072). In total, this corpus comprises 149 works, treatises, or fragments by thirty-two authors, who were active during the period ranging from the beginning of the third/ninth century to the middle of the fifth/eleventh century. The focus on these early Arabic sources is important for three reasons.
</p
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<p id="p-two">First, the rate of publication of Arabic sources on early Sufism has increased dramatically over the past thirty years. Many of the works that appear in this bibliography - especially those from the fourth/tenth and early fifth/eleventh centuries – were documented by Fuat Sezgin (d. 2018) in the first volume of his monumental <a href="https://books.google.ae/books?id=3U2loA0orUkC&printsec=frontcover&dq=geschichte+des+arabischen+schrifttums,+Band+I&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjzpd7Hz5biAhWw1eAKHVG-BRsQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=sechtes%20kapitel%20mystik&f=false"><i>Geschichte des arabischen Schrifttums</i></a> (Leiden: Brill, 1967). However, there is no comprehensive, up-to-date record of the availability of these works in published editions, and some additional material has been located subsequent to Sezgin's study. As a consequence, many of the works noted here have rarely featured in relevant studies of early systematic Sufi literature or activity. The remark of Julian Baldick, who describes a "peculiar gap in the middle of the fourth century" in Sufis' production of documents, typifies the extent to which some of these works have remained marginal in scholarship on Sufism in European languages.<sup> <a href="#two">2</a></sup> Although a number of the sources listed here do not provide more polished or explicit commentary on the nature of early Sufism than works from the later fifth/eleventh century, such as al-Qushayrī's voluminous output or al-Hujwīrī's <i>Kashf al-Maḥjūb</i> (ed. and trans. <a href="https://archive.org/details/kashfalmahjub00usmauoft/page/n3">Nicholson</a> / ed. <a href="https://drive.google.com/open?id=1nJjaKR8gasakwm1EixCQ25dfPKJt1rZu"> Žukhovskiy</a>), they are nonetheless historiographically valuable. In fact, most were composed by figures who either witnessed the formative period of the late third/ninth century firsthand, or who lived at a single remove from it and were in contact with individuals who fit the preceding description.<sup><a href="#three">3</a></sup></p>
<p id="p-three">
Second, many of the works that appear in this bibliography are based on relational data. That is, the authors explicitly identify the source of quotes or, even more significantly, preface quotations with extensive "pathways of transmission" (Ar. <i>asānīd</i>; sg. <i>isnād</i>). The value of these relational data for better describing the dynamics of early Sufi actvity has been remarked upon by Sara Sviri: "The formative period of Islamic mysticism cannot be properly described without an attempt to map the affiliations that connected individual mystics of this period to one another."<sup><a href="#four">4</a></sup> In the Blog, I outline a number of ways that such relational data can be used in historical investigations of the development of early Sufism.
</p>
<p id="p-four">
Finally, drawing attention to these early works and their relational data is especially appropriate in light of the criticisms of "neo-skeptical" scholarship as it has been applied to the analysis of early Sufism. For instance, Jawid Mojaddedi claims that the contents of fifth-/eleventh-century works like al-Sulamī's (d. 412/1021) <i>Ṭabaqāt al-ṣūfīyah</i> should not be treated as "databanks of factual information," and insists rather that such works convey the impression that their contents have been "creatively reworked through time." Similarly, Kenneth Avery contends that, with respect to early Sufis, "it is not the historical biography that is really preserved [in later works], though some historical data are revealed."<sup><a href="#five">5</a></sup> Such conclusions may hold up in the end, but the relative lack of attention to actual <i>isnād</i>-analysis in these works – Mojaddedi examines a maximum of five <i>isnād</i>s for any single conclusion about the historiographical worth of early Sufi prosopographies, Avery none – should make the comprehensive examination of these data a priority in future research.
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<h3>How to use this bibliography</h3>
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<p>The order of this bibliography proceeds according to the author's date of death. Authors are grouped according to the century of their death; click the century to see the listing of authors. Dates of death and publication are given according to the (<i>hijrī qamarī</i> / Gregorian) calendars; a carat (^) indicates the <i>shamsī</i> calendar used in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Authors whose names are marked with a <strong>(+)</strong> composed multiple works which survive. Click on an author's name to see a list of surviving works. Click on the name of the work to find bibliographic information, including: <strong>Editions</strong>, <strong>Translations</strong>, unedited manuscripts <strong>(MS)</strong>, and works that are explicitly <strong>Reproduced</strong> in later sources.</p>
<p>Individual works are marked using a color system. The specific information relating to each color is given below:</p>
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<td><button type="button" class="btn btn-light btn-sm">Discursive Works</button></td>
<td>Epistles (<i>rasaʾil</i>) and most topical works. If a work has never been described, it is filed to this default setting.</td>
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<td><button type="button" class="btn btn-info btn-sm"><i>Isnād-based</i> Works</button></td>
<td>Works composed (largely) using <i>isnāds</i>; this includes, but is not limited to, works on <i>ḥadīth</i>.</td>
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<td><button type="button" class="btn btn-warning btn-sm">Reconstruction (Source[s])</button></td>
<td>Works that have been reconstructed by modern scholars. Information about the <strong>source</strong> or <strong>sources</strong> of reconstruction is given after the title, between parentheses.</td>
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<td><button type="button" class="btn btn-danger btn-sm">Uncertain Attribution (attr.)</button></td>
<td>Works that are fragmentary, show evidence of multiple layers of redaction, or which may have been excerpted from later sources; all works of this type are marked with the abbreviation <strong>attr</strong>. Typical of several minor works of al-Muḥāsibī and the <i>waṣīyah</i> genre.</td>
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<h2 class="mb-5 text-center">Bibliography of Authors by Century</h2>
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<li>Bankipore/Patna (now <a href="http://kblibrary.bih.nic.in/">Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Library</a>) I, 141 №1374.</li>
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Kitāb al-Karam wa-l-Jūd wa-Sakhāʾ al-Nufūs
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<li>ʿĀmir Ḥasan Ṣabrī (ed.). <i>Kitāb al-Karam wa-l-Jūd wa-Sakhāʾ al-Nufūs</i>. Beirut: Dār Ibn Ḥazm, 1412/1991. <a href="https://drive.google.com/open?id=1I5ZkBit4dDwfASXCTJtJUHbCCG1dKgH-"> (link)</a></li>
<li>Bernd Radtke (ed.). "<i>Kitāb al-Karam wa-l-Jūd wa-Sakhāʾ al-Nufūs</i>," pp. 3-43 (Part A). In Radtke (ed.). <i> Materialien zur alten islamische Frömmigkeit</i>, Basic Texts in Islamic Mysticism Vol. 2. Leiden: Brill, 2008.</li>
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<li>Bernd Radtke (trans.). <i> "Kitāb al-Karam wa-l-Jūd wa-Sakhāʾ al-Nufūs," </i> pp. 3-43 (Part A). In Radtke (ed.). <i>Materialien zur alten islamische Frömmigkeit</i>, Basic Texts in Islamic Mysticism Vol. 2. Leiden: Brill, 2008.<a href="https://brill.com/view/title/15451"> (link)</a></li>
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<p class="ml-4"><small>This bibliography is taken - with modifications from Sezgin, <i>GAS</i>, I:640-642 - from Gavin Picken, <i>Spiritual Purification in Islam. The Life and Works of al-Muḥāsibī</i>, Routledge Sufi Series (London: Routledge, 2011), pp. 67-122.</small>
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Kitāb al-Riʿāyah li-Ḥuqūq Allāh [wa-l-Qiyām bihā]
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<li><i class="fas fa-book mr-2"></i>Editions</li>
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<ol>
<li>Margaret Smith (ed.). <i>Kitāb al-Riʿāyah li-Ḥuqūq Allāh</i>, E.J.W. Gibb Memorial Series Vol. 15. London: Luzac, 1940.</li>
<li>ʿAbd al-Ḥalīm Maḥmūd (ed.). <i>al-Riʿāyah li-Ḥuqūq Allāh</i>. Cairo: Dār al-Kutub al-Ḥadīthah, 1390/1970; reprint Cairo: Dār al-Maʿārif, 1410/1990. <a href="https://ia601703.us.archive.org/12/items/abdelhalimmahmoud/ri3aya.pdf">(link)</a></li>
<li>ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>al-Riʿāyah li-Ḥuqūq Allāh</i>. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmyah, 1410/1990. <a href="https://ia601705.us.archive.org/17/items/elmohasebi/ri3aya.pdf">(link)</a></li>
<li>ʿIṣām Ḥarastānī and Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Zaghlī (eds.). <i>al-Riʿāyah li-Ḥuqūq Allāh</i>. Beirut: Dār al-Jīl, 1422/2001.</li>
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<li><i class="fas fa-globe mr-2"></i>Translations</li>
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<li>Abdallah Sâbir (trans.). <i>L'Observance des Droits de Dieu: l'Expression de la Gratitude du Croyant</i>. Paris Iqra - Éditions de La Ruche, 2001.</li>
<li>Tholib Anis (trans.). <i>Memelihara hak-hak Allah: Sebuah Karya Klasik Tasawuf </i> (= ed. Maḥmūd). Bandung: Pustaka Hidayah, 2002.</li>
<li>Şahin Filiz and Hülya Kücük (trans.). <i>Er-Riâye</i>. Istanbul: Insan Yayınları, 2011.</li>
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Kitāb al-Waṣāyā / al-Naṣāʾiḥ al-Dīnīyah
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<ol>
<li>ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>al-Waṣāyā aw al-Naṣʾīḥ al-Dīnīyah [wa-l-Nafaḥāt al-Qudsīyah li-Nafʿ Jamīʿ al-Birrīyah]</i>. Cairo: Maktabat Muḥammad ʿAlī Ṣabīḥ, 1965; reprint N.P.: Maktabat Khālid b. al-Walīd, 1400/1980; reprinted in ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>al-Waṣāyā / al-Naṣāʾiḥ — al-Qaṣd wa-l-Rujūʿ ilā Allāh — Badʾ man Anāba ilā Allāh — Fahm al-Ṣalāt — Kitāb al-Tawahhum</i>. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyah, 1406/1986. <a href="https://archive.org/details/20220127_20220127_0526">(link)</a></li>
<li>Muḥammad ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Aḥmad (ed.). <i>Kitāb al-Naṣāʾiḥ</i>. Cairo: Maktabat al-Qurʾān, 1412/1992.</li>
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Kitāb al-Tawahhum [fī Waṣf Aḥwāl al-Ākhirah]
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<ol>
<li>A.J. Arberry (ed.). <i>Kitāb al-Tawahhum</i>. Cairo: Lanjnat al-Taʾlīf wa-l-Tarjamah wa-l-Nashr, 1937 <a href="https://ia800504.us.archive.org/31/items/sdakahh_gmail/الحارث%20بن%20أسد%20المحاسبي%20-%20كتاب%20التوهم.pdf">(link)</a>; reprint (with indices) Cairo: Maktabat al-Nahḍah al-Islāmīyah and Aleppo: Dār al-Waʿī, 1979 = Zaqāzīq (Egypt): Dār al-Arqām, 1989 = Baghdad and London: Bayt al-Warrāq, 2010.</li>
<li>Khālid ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-ʿAkk (ed.). <i>al-Tawahhum fī Waṣf Aḥwāl al-Ākhirah</i>. Beirut: Dār al-Bashāʾir al-Islāmīyah, 1411/1991.</li>
<li>ʿAbd al-Qādr Aḥmad ʿAṭāʾ (ed.). "<i>Kitāb al-Tawahhum"</i>, pp. 387-443. InʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>al-Waṣāyā / al-Naṣāʾiḥ — al-Qaṣd wa-l-Rujūʿ ilā Allāh — Badʾ man Anāba ilā Allāh — Fahm al-Ṣalāt — Kitāb al-Tawahhum</i>. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyah, 1406/1986. <a href="https://archive.org/details/20220127_20220127_0526">(link)</a>. Reprint, pp. 153-201. In ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>Ādāb al-Nufūs wa-yalīhi Kitāb al-Tawahhum</i>. Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Kutub al-Thaqāfīyah, 1411/1991 <a href="https://ia802609.us.archive.org/21/items/31705/31705.pdf">(link)</a></li>
<li>al-Mustʿaṣim bi-Allāh Abī Hurayrah (ed.). <i>al-Tawahhum fī Waṣf Aḥwāl al-Ākhirah</i>, with comments of Muṣṭafā b. ʿAlī b. Jaʿfar al-Ṭayyār. Aleppo: Maktabat al-Turāth al-Islāmī, N.D. <a href="https://al-maktaba.org/book/21799">(link)</a></li>
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<li><i class="fas fa-globe mr-2"></i>Translations</li>
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<li>André Roman (trans.) <i>Kitāb al-Tawahhum d'l-Muḥāsibī, Traduit de l'arabe et annoté</i>. Paris: Librarie Klincksieck, 1978.</li>
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Risālat / Kitāb al-Makāsib
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<li><i class="fas fa-book mr-2"></i>Editions</li>
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<ol>
<li>ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>al-Masāʾil fī Aʿmāl al-Qulūb wa-l-Jawāriḥ - al-Makāsib - al-ʿAql</i>. Cairo: ʿĀlam al-Kutub, 1969.</li>
<li>Nūr Saʿīd (ed.). <i> "Kitāb al-Makāsib</i>," pp. 117-166. In Nūr Saʿīd (ed.). <i>al-Makāsib wa-l-Warʿ wa-l-Shuhbah wa-Bayānuhā wa-Mabāḥuhā wa-Maḥẓūruhā wa-Ikhtilāf al-Nās fī Ṭalabihā ʿalā al-Ghāliṭīn fīhi</i>. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1992. <a href="https://al-maktaba.org/book/6230">(link)</a></li>
<li>Khalīl ʿImrān Manṣūr (ed.). "<i>al-Makāsib</i>," pp. 117-168. In Khalīl ʿImrān Manṣūr (ed.). <i>Masāʾil fī Aʿmāl al-Qulūb wa-l-Jawāriḥ - Masāʾil fī al-Zuhd - al-Makāsib - Kitāb al-ʿAql</i>. Beirut: Manshūrāt al-Bayḍūn and Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyah, 1420/2000. <a href="https://drive.google.com/open?id=1nTdCCNVUA2nRVqFo1vG7DgXB9cMU3hbI">(link)</a></li>
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Ādāb al-Nufūs
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<li><i class="fas fa-book mr-2"></i>Editions</li>
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<ol>
<li>ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭāʾ (ed.). "<i>Ādāb al-Nufūs</i>," pp. 27-145. In ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>Ādāb al-Nufūs wa-yalīhi Kitāb al-Tawahhum</i>. Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Kutub al-Thaqāfīyah, 1411/1991. <a href="https://ia802609.us.archive.org/21/items/31705/31705.pdf">(link)</a></li>
<li>Majdī Fatḥī al-Sayyid Ibrāhīm (ed.). <i> "Ādāb al-Nufūs</i>," pp. 55-151. In Majdī Fatḥī al-Sayyid Ibrāhīm (ed.). <i>Badʾ man Anāba ilā Allāh wa-yalīhi Ādāb al-Nufūs. </i> Cairo: Dār al-Salām, 1411/1991. <a href="https://ia801705.us.archive.org/17/items/elmohasebi/bad2.pdf">(link)</a></li>
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Sharḥ al-Maʿrifah wa-Badhl al-Naṣīḥah
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<li><i class="fas fa-book mr-2"></i>Editions</li>
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<ol>
<li>Majdī Fatḥī al-Sayyid Ibrāhīm (ed.). <i>Sharḥ al-Maʿrifah wa-Badhl al-Naṣīḥah</i>. Ṭanṭā: Dār al-Ṣaḥābah li-l-Turāth, 1413/1993. <a href="https://ia801705.us.archive.org/17/items/elmohasebi/char7ma3rifa.pdf">(link)</a></li>
<li>Ṣāliḥ Aḥmad al-Shāmī (ed.). <i>Sharḥ al-Maʿrifah wa-Badhl al-Naṣīḥah</i>. Damascus: Dār al-Qalam, 1413/1993.</li>
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Kitāb Badʾ man Anāba ilā Allāh
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<li><i class="fas fa-book mr-2"></i>Editions</li>
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<ol>
<li><strong>Partial:</strong> Hellmut Ritter (ed.). <i>Die Schrift des Ḥāriṯ ibn Asad al-Muḥāsibi über den Anfang der Umkehr zu Gott (Kitāb badʾ man anāba ilā Llāh taʿālā)</i>. Glückstadt: J.J. Augustin, 1935.</li>
<li>ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). "<i>Kitāb Badʾ man Anāba ilā Allāh</i>," pp. 331-353. In ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>al-Waṣāyā / al-Naṣāʾiḥ — al-Qaṣd wa-l-Rujūʿ ilā Allāh — Badʾ man Anāba ilā Allāh — Fahm al-Ṣalāt — Kitāb al-Tawahhum. </i> Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyah, 1406/1986. <a href="https://archive.org/details/20220127_20220127_0526">(link)</a></li>
<li>Majdī Fatḥī al-Sayyid Ibrāhīm (ed.). "<i>Kitāb Badʾ man Anāba ilā Allāh</i>," pp. 32-39. "In <i>Badʾ man Anāba ilā Allāh wa-yalīhi Ādāb al-Nufūs</i>. Cairo: Dār al-Salām, 1411/1991. <a href="https://ia801705.us.archive.org/17/items/elmohasebi/bad2.pdf">(link)</a></li>
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Kitāb al-Masāʾil fī Aʿmāl al-Qulūb wa-l-Jawāriḥ
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<ol>
<li>ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). "<i>Masāʾil fī Aʿmāl al-Qulūb wa-l-Jawāriḥ</i>," pp. 45-116. In ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>al-Masāʾil fī Aʿmāl al-Qulūb wa-l-Jawāriḥ - al-Makāsib - al-ʿAql</i>. Cairo: ʿĀlam al-Kutub, 1969.</li>
<li>Khalīl ʿImrān Manṣūr (ed.). "<i>Masāʾil fī Aʿmāl al-Qulūb wa-l-Jawāriḥ</i>," pp. 45-114. In Khalīl ʿImrān Manṣūr (ed.) <i>Masāʾil fī Aʿmāl al-Qulūb wa-l-Jawāriḥ - Masāʾil fī al-Zuhd - al-Makāsib - Kitāb al-ʿAql</i>. Beirut: Manshūrāt al-Bayḍūn and Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyah, 1420/2000. <a href="https://drive.google.com/open?id=1nTdCCNVUA2nRVqFo1vG7DgXB9cMU3hbI">(link)</a></li>
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[Mukhtaṣar] Kitāb Fahm al-Ṣalāt
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<li>Muḥammad ʿUthmān Khisht (ed.). <i> Fahm al-Ṣalāt</i>. Cairo: Maktabat Dār al-Qurʾān, 1403/1983.</li>
<li>ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). "<i>Fahm al-Ṣalāt</i>," pp. 357-383. In ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>al-Waṣāyā/al-Naṣāʾiḥ - al-Qaṣd wa-l-Rujūʿ ilā Allāh - Man Anāba ilā Allāh - Fahm al-Ṣalāt - Kitāb al-Tawahhum</i>, pp. 357-83. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyah, 1406/1986. <a href="https://archive.org/details/20220127_20220127_0526">(link)</a></li>
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Kitāb al-ʿAql or Maʾīyāt / Māhīyāt al-ʿAql
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<li><i class="fas fa-book mr-2"></i>Editions</li>
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<ol>
<li>ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>al-Masāʾil fī Aʿmāl al-Qulūb wa-l-Jawāriḥ - al-Makāsib - al-ʿAql</i>. Cairo: ʿĀlam al-Kutub, 1969.</li>
<li>Ḥusayn al-Quwwatlī (ed.). "<i>Kitāb al-ʿAql</i>," pp. 193-238. In Ḥusayn al-Quwwatlī (ed.). <i>al-ʿAql - Fahm al-Qurʾān</i>. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1391/1971. <a href="https://ia801705.us.archive.org/17/items/elmohasebi/3ql.pdf">(link)</a></li>
<li>Khalīl ʿImrān Manṣūr (ed.). "<i>Kitāb al-ʿAql</i>," pp. 169-85. In Khalīl ʿImrān Manṣūr (ed.). <i>Masāʾil fī Aʿmāl al-Qulūb wa-l-Jawāriḥ - Masāʾil fī al-Zuhd - al-Makāsib - Kitāb al-ʿAql</i>. Beirut: Manshūrāt al-Bayḍūn and Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyah, 1420/2000. <a href="https://drive.google.com/open?id=1nTdCCNVUA2nRVqFo1vG7DgXB9cMU3hbI">(link)</a></li>
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Kitāb al-Tawbah
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<ol>
<li>Abd al-Qādir ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>al-Tawbah</i>. Cairo: Dār al-Faḍīlah, 1402/1982. <a href="https://ia601705.us.archive.org/17/items/elmohasebi/tawba.pdf">(link)</a></li>
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Risālat al-Mustarshidīn
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<li>Aḥmad Rifāʿī Sharafī (ed.). <i>Risālat al-Mustarshid [sic]</i>. Kasantina (Constantine, Algeria): Dār al-Baʿth, 1981.</li>
<li>ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ Abū Ghuddah (ed.) <i>Risālat al-Mustarshidīn</i>. Dār al-Bashāʾir al-Islāmīyah, 1402/1982. <a href="https://ia802703.us.archive.org/32/items/waq50205/50205.pdf">(link)</a></li>
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<li>Lucienne Petit (trans.). <i> Risâlat al-mustarshîdin [sic]: petit traité de direction spirituelle</i>, Etudes Arabes Vol. 95. Rome: Pontifico Instituto di Studi Arabi d'Islamistica, 1999.</li>
<li><strong>Partial:</strong> Younès Dassili (trans.). <i>L’Épître des Postulants – suivi de deux autre épîtres</i>. Lyon: Alif Éditions and Éditions du Faucon, 1999.</li>
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<li>Ḥusayn al-Quwwatlī (ed.). "<i>Kitāb Fahm al-Qurʾān"</i>, pp. 261-502. In Ḥusayn Quwwatlī (ed.). <i>al-ʿAql - Fahm al-Qurʾān. </i> Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1391/1971. <a href="https://ia801705.us.archive.org/17/items/elmohasebi/3ql.pdf">(link)</a></li>
<li>Khālid Ramaḍān ʿUthmān Aḥmad (ed.). <i>Fahm al-Qurʾān wa-Maʿnīhi</i>, Kursī al-Qurʾān wa-ʿUlūmihi Vol. 31. Riyad: Jāmiʿat al-Malik Saʿūd, 1437/2017.</li>
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<li>The materials in this work have been translated and commented upon by Berenike Metzler. <i>Den Koran verstehen. Das Kitāb Fahm al-Qurʾān des Ḥāri<u>t</u> b. Asad al-Muḥāsibī (781-857)</i>, Diskurse der Arabistik Bd. 22. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2016.</li>
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Kitāb al-ʿIlm
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<ol>
<li>Muḥammad ʿĀbid Mazālī (ed.). <i>Kitāb al-ʿIlm</i>. Algiers: al-Maktabah al-Waṭanīyah li-l-Nashr and Tunis: Al-Dār al-Tūnisīyah li-l-Nashr, 1975. <a href="https://ia801705.us.archive.org/17/items/elmohasebi/3ilm.pdf">(link)</a></li>
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<li>Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>Muʿātabat al-Nafs</i>. Cairo: Dār al-Iʿtiṣām, 1406/1986. <a href="https://ia801705.us.archive.org/17/items/elmohasebi/mo3ataba.pdf">(link)</a></li>
<li>Riḍwān Muḥammad ʿĪsā (ed.). "<i>Muʿātabat al-Nafs</i>," pp. ####. In Riḍwān Muḥammad ʿĪsā (ed.). <i>al-Baʿth wa-l-Nushūr wa-yalīhi Muʿātabat al-Nafs</i>. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyah, 1406/1986.</li>
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al-Qaṣd wa-l-Rujūʿ ilā Allāh
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<ol>
<li>ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā (ed.) <i>al-Qaṣd wa-l-Rujūʿ ilā Allāh</i>. Cairo: Dār al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1400/1980; reprinted pp. 219-328, in ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmad ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>al-Waṣāyā/al-Naṣāʾiḥ - al-Qaṣd wa-l-Rujūʿ ilā Allāh - Man Anāba ilā Allāh - Fahm al-Ṣalāt - Kitāb al-Tawahhum</i>. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyah, 1406/1986.<sup><a href="#six"> 6</sup></a><a href="https://archive.org/details/20220127_20220127_0526">(link)</a></li>
<li>Shawqīyah Īnāljīq and Tawfīq Subhānī (trans.). "<i>Ḥārith b. Asad Muḥāsibī va- 'Kitāb al-Qasḍ'-i uw," Maʿārif-i Islāmī</i> 8/2 (1370^/1992): pp. 208-236. <a href="https://ensani.ir/file/download/article/20101118174504-155.pdf%20“Download”">(link)</a></li>
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<li id="Muḥāsibī-ed-17">P.I. Abdo Khalifé (S.J.). "Le Livre de l'esseulement et de la montée d'al-Muḥāsibī," <i>Al-Machriq Revue Catholique Orientale</i> 49 Fac. 1 (1955): 43-54; <i> Al-Machriq Revue Catholique Orientale</i> 49 Facs. 4-5 (1955): 451-490.
<a href="#seven"> <sup>7</sup></a> <a href="https://drive.google.com/open?id=1OT14yJSpxreiArZBaZ4yDzxJ_dJ5-j9b">(link)</a></li>
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<li>Muṣṭafā ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā (ed.). <i>al-Masāʾil fī al-Zuhd</i>. Cairo: Maktabat al-Turāth al-Islāmī, 1406/1986.</li>
<li>Khalīl ʿImrān Manṣūr (ed.). "<i>Masāʾil fī al-Zuhd</i>," pp. 9-43. In Khalīl ʿImrān Manṣūr (ed.). <i>Masāʾil fī Aʿmāl al-Qulūb wa-l-Jawāriḥ - Masāʾil fī al-Zuhd - al-Makāsib - Kitāb al-ʿAql</i>. Beirut: Manshūrāt al-Bayḍūn and Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyah, 1420/2000. <a href="https://drive.google.com/open?id=1nTdCCNVUA2nRVqFo1vG7DgXB9cMU3hbI">(link)</a></li>
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<li>Riḍwān Muḥammad ʿĪsā (ed.). "<i>al-Baʿth wa-l-Nushūr," </i> pp. ####. In Riḍwān Muḥammad ʿĪsā (ed.). <i>al-Baʿth wa-l-Nushūr wa-yalīhi Muʿātabat al-Nafs</i>. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyah, 1406/1986.</li>
<li>Māhir Aḥmad al-Ṣūfī (ed.). <i>al-Baʿth wa-l-Nushūr</i>, Silsilat Mawsūʿat al-Ākhirah Vol. 5. Beirut: al-Maktabah al-ʿAṣrīyah, 1425/2004.</li>
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<li><strong>MS:</strong> Carullah (Istanbul), 1101 fols. 25a-28a (copied in 522/1128) = Dār al-Kutub al-Miṣrīyah (Cairo), <i>raqm al-ḥifẓ</i> 66/3.</li>
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<li><strong> MS: </strong>Staatsbibliothek (Berlin), №2814 ff. 80b-81a (copied 813/1410); British Museum №1244 = Staatsbibliothek №1435 (fragment).</li>
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<li><strong> MS: </strong>Bengal №1167 ff. 15-17.</li>
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<li><strong> MS: </strong> Bibliotheca Alexandria №3121 <i>jīm</i> = Şehidali (Istanbul), <i>taṣawwuf</i> №137 = Chester Beatty Library (Dublin), №4893.</li>
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<li><strong> MS: </strong>Saib (Ankara) №5281 ff. 1a-8b = Şehidali (Istanbul), №3319 (?).</li>
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<li><i class="fas fa-scroll mr-2"></i>al-Radd ʿalā baʿḍ al-ʿUlamāʾ min al-Aghniyāʾ ḥaythu iḥtajjū bi-Aghniyāʾ al-Ṣaḥābah [wa-bi-Kithrat al-Māl] <sup><a href="#eight">8</a></sup></li>
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<li><strong> MS: </strong>Laleli (Istanbul) <i>majmūʿ</i> 3706/20 = Il Halk Kütüphanesi (Çorum) 701/1.</li>
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<li><i class="fas fa-scroll mr-2"></i>Tanbīh ʿalā Aʿmāl al-Qulūb [fī al-Dalālah ʿalā Waḥdānīyat Allāh]</li>
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<li><strong> MS: </strong>Carullah (Istanbul), 1101/5 fols. 25a-28b = Dār al-Kutub al-Miṣrīyah (Cairo), <i>raqm al-ḥifẓ</i> 4064.</li>
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<li><strong> MS: </strong>Bankipore/Patna (now <a href="http://kblibrary.bih.nic.in/">Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Library</a> ) XII, I, №820.</li>
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<li><strong> MS: </strong>Bursa (Turkey) №4/1428 fols. 34b-40a (copied 8th/14th c.)</li>
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<li class="list-unstyled"><i class="fas fa-user-edit mr-3"></i> Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm b. ʿAbd Allāh Ibn al-Junayd al-Khuttalī (+) (d. Baghdad, ca. 260-270/873-883)</li>
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<li>ʿAbd al-Karīm Zuhūr ʿAdī and Aḥmad Rātib al-Naffākh. <i>“Kitāb al-Maḥabbah li-llāh," Majallat Majmaʿ al-Lughah al-ʿArabīyah bi-Dimashq</i> 58/4 (1983): pp. 658-729 <a href="http://www.arabacademy.gov.sy/uploads/magazine/mag58/mag58-4-1.pdf">(link)</a>; 59/1 (1984): pp. 3-44 <a href="http://www.arabacademy.gov.sy/uploads/magazine/mag59/mag59-1-1.pdf">(link)</a>; 59/2 (1984): pp. 245-284 <a href="http://www.arabacademy.gov.sy/uploads/magazine/mag59/mag59-2-2.pdf">(link)</a>; 59/3 (1984): pp. 463-504 <a href="http://www.arabacademy.gov.sy/uploads/magazine/mag59/mag59-3-2.pdf">(link)</a></li>
<li>ʿAbd Allāh Badrān (ed.). <i>Kitāb al-Maḥabbah li-llāh</i>. Damascus: Dār al-Makatabī, 1423/2002.</li>
<li>Bernd Radtke (ed.). "<i>Kitab al-Maḥabbah li-llāh</i>," pp. 47-194 (Part B) In Bernd Radtke (ed.) <i>Materialien zur alten islamische Frömmigkeit</i>, Basic Texts of Islamic Mysticism Vol. 2. Leiden: Brill, 2008.<a href="https://brill.com/view/title/15451">link</a></li>
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<li>Bernd Radtke (trans.). "<i>Kitāb al-Maḥabbah li-llāh</i>," pp. 47-194 (Part B). In Bernd Radtke (ed.). <i>
zur alten islamische Frömmigkeit</i>, Basic Texts of Islamic Mysticism Vol. 2. Leiden: Brill, 2008.</li>
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Suʾālāt Ibn al-Junayd li-Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn
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<li>Aḥmad Muḥammad Nūr Sayf (ed.). <i>Suʾālāt Ibn al-Junayd Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Khuttalī li-Abī Zakariyyāʾ Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn</i>. Medina: Maktabat al-Dār, 1408/1988. <a href="https://archive.org/details/alfirdwsiy2018_gmail_2523/page/n3">(link)</a></li>