Relation of the NIF Core Ontology to ITS 2.0

NIF 3.0 merges several properties from the ITS 2.0 vocab into the NIF Core Ontology (Not complete yet and still work in progress).

Lexical Entry Link (nif:lexicalEntryLink): This property links a phrase or an individual word to a resource providing information for a corresponding meaning (i.e. a matching entry in an actual lexicon or a 'mental lexicon' of a speech community). For example, in the sentence 'The bank was robbed.' the word 'bank' refers to a lexical entry /bank/ that groups several lexical senses (e.g. financial institute and sitting accommodation). This is equivalent of the termInfoRef property from the ITS 2.0 Terminology data category specification which describes it as an IRI referring to a resource providing information about a term.

<http://example.org/document/1#offset_32_38>
    a nif:String , nif:OffsetBasedString ;
    nif:anchorOf "pizza" ;
    nif:predLang lexvo:eng ;
    # The word linked to a lexical entry in a lexicon.
    nif:lexicalEntryLink ex:Pizza ;
    nif:referenceContext <http://example.org/document/1#offset_0_131> .

Lexcial Sense Link (nif:lexicalSenseLink): This property links a phrase or an individual word to a resource that represents a single appropirate lexical sense. For example, the word 'bank' in 'The bank was robbed' would link to a resource describing the word sense of the financial institution. This is equivalent of the termInfoRef property from the ITS 2.0 Terminology data category specification which describes it as an IRI referring to a resource providing information about a term.

Note: In ITS 2.0 both, the lexical sense and lexical entry can be interpreted as a termInfoRef.

<http://example.org/document/1#offset_32_38>
    a nif:String , nif:OffsetBasedString ;
    nif:anchorOf "pizza" ;
    nif:predLang lexvo:eng ;
    nif:lexicalEntryLink ex:Pizza ;
    # The word linked to a lexical sense in a lexicon.
    nif:lexicalSenseLink tilde:pizza_dish_1 ;
    nif:referenceContext <http://example.org/document/1#offset_0_131> .

Lexical Entry Link Confidence (nif:lexicalEntryConf): This property gives a confidence measure for the link stated by nif:lexicalEntryLink assertion on the same subject.

<http://example.org/document/1#offset_32_38>
    a nif:String , nif:OffsetBasedString ;
    nif:anchorOf "pizza" ;
    nif:predLang lexvo:eng ;
    nif:lexicalEntryLink ex:Pizza ;
    nif:lexicalSenseLink tilde:pizza_dish_1 ;
    # A confidence score that the link to the ex:Pizza lexical entry is correct.
    nif:lexicalEntryConf "0.5"^^xsd:decimal ;
    nif:referenceContext <http://example.org/document/1#offset_0_131> .

Lexical Sense Link Confidence (nif:lexicalSenseConf): This property gives a confidence measure for the link stated by nif:lexicalSenseLink assertion on the same subject.

<http://example.org/document/1#offset_32_38>
    a nif:String , nif:OffsetBasedString ;
    nif:anchorOf "pizza" ;
    nif:predLang lexvo:eng ;
    nif:lexicalEntryLink ex:Pizza ;
    nif:lexicalEntryConf "0.5"^^xsd:decimal ;
    nif:lexicalSenseLink tilde:pizza_sense_1 ;
    # A confidence score that the link to the lexical sense ex:pizza_dish_sense is correct.
    nif:lexicalSenseConf "0.5"^^xsd:decimal ;
    nif:referenceContext <http://example.org/document/1#offset_0_131> .

Note: the nif:lexicalSenseConf and nif:lexicalSenseConf SHOULD NOT be confused with the termConfidence property from the ITS 2.0 Terminology data category where it is defined as confidence of the agents producing the annotation that the annotated unit is a term or not.

Named Entity Link (nif:namedEntityLink): This property links a phrase or an individual word, which represent a named entity to a resource providing information about the entity denoted by the word/phrase. This is equivalent of the taIdentRef property from the ITS 2.0 Text Analysis data category specification which describes attribute that holds the identifier (IRI) of the text analysis target and it corresponds to the identification mode 2.

<http://example.org/document/1#offset_32_38>
    a nif:String , nif:OffsetBasedString ;
    nif:anchorOf "pizza" ;
    nif:predLang lexvo:eng ;
    # A link to a resource which provide description for the entity.
    nif:namedEntityLink <dbpedia.org/resource/Pizza> ;
    nif:referenceContext <http://example.org/document/1#offset_0_131> .

Named Entity Confidence (nif:namedEntityConf): This property gives a confidence measure for the link stated by nif:namedEntityLink assertion on the same subject. ITS 2.0 defines taConfidence attribute which is described as confidence of the agent (that produced the annotation) in its own computation. However, it a tool produces nif:namedEntityLink it can be considered as a confidence score for the annotation and interpreted as taConfidence ITS property.

<http://example.org/document/1#offset_32_38>
    a nif:String , nif:OffsetBasedString ;
    nif:anchorOf "pizza" ;
    nif:predLang lexvo:eng ;
    nif:namedEntityLink <dbpedia.org/resource/Pizza> ;
    # A confidence score that the link to the resource describing the entity is correct.
    nif:namedEntityConf "1.0"^^xsd:decimal ;
    nif:referenceContext <http://example.org/document/1#offset_0_131> .

Named Entity Category Link (nif:entityCategoryLink): This property links a phrase or an individual word to a resource providing information about the class/category of the named entity denoted by the word/phrase. For example, if the subject would be 'William Shakespeare' a suitable category link would be dbo:Person. This is equivalent of the taClassRef property from the ITS 2.0 Text Analysis data category specification which describes attribute as type of an entity, or concept class of the text analysis target.

<http://example.org/document/1#offset_32_38>
    a nif:String , nif:OffsetBasedString ;
    nif:anchorOf "pizza" ;
    nif:predLang lexvo:eng ;
    nif:namedEntityLink <dbpedia.org/resource/Pizza> ;
    nif:namedEntityConf "1.0"^^xsd:decimal ;
    # A link to a resource which provide description about the category/class of the named entity.
    nif:entityCategoryLink <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Food> ;
    nif:referenceContext <http://example.org/document/1#offset_0_131> .

Named Entity Category Confidence (nif:entityCategoryConf): This property gives a confidence measure for the link stated by nif:entityCategoryLink assertion on the same subject. ITS 2.0 defines taConfidence attribute which is described as confidence of the agent (that produced the annotation) in its own computation. However, it a tool produces nif:entityCategoryConf it can be considered as a confidence score for the annotation and interpreted as taConfidence ITS property.

Important note: in scenarios where a tool provides confidence scores for both, the entity link and a its category/class, the NIF to ITS 2.0 converter should provide meaningful aggregation of the two values, e.g. computing an arithmetic mean of the two values.

<http://example.org/document/1#offset_32_38>
    a nif:String , nif:OffsetBasedString ;
    nif:anchorOf "pizza" ;
    nif:predLang lexvo:eng ;
    nif:namedEntityLink <dbpedia.org/resource/Pizza> ;
    nif:namedEntityConf "1.0"^^xsd:decimal ;
    nif:entityCategoryLink <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Food> ;
    # A confidence score that the link to the entity category/class is correct.
    nif:entityCategoryConf "1.0"^^xsd:decimal ;
    nif:referenceContext <http://example.org/document/1#offset_0_131> .

nif:machineTranslationConf - TODO