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.DS_Store | ||
_config.yml | ||
.sass-cache | ||
_site | ||
_site | ||
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# Editor settings | ||
.vscode |
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--- | ||
layout: chapter | ||
title: "Introduction" | ||
subtitle: "An overview of how the <strong>Web</strong> works" | ||
title: "Introducción" | ||
subtitle: "Un vistazo general acerca de cómo funciona la <strong>Web</strong>" | ||
section: web | ||
--- | ||
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Before diving into the technical and practical aspect of coding, you need to have a **basic** understanding of how the underlying _environment_ works. | ||
Antes de adentrarnos en el aspecto técnico y práctico de la programación, necesitas tener un entendimiento **básico** de cómo funciona el _entorno_ subyacente. | ||
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This introduction is meant to provide a quick overview of both the **Internet** and the **Web**. | ||
Esta introducción tiene como fin proveerte de un resumen rápido acerca de **Internet** y la **Web**. |
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layout: post | ||
title: "The <strong>World Wide Web</strong>" | ||
subtitle: "The <strong>Web</strong> is one part of the Internet: the <strong>HTTP</strong> part" | ||
title: "<strong>World Wide Web</strong>" | ||
subtitle: "La <strong>Web</strong> es una parte de Internet: la parte <strong>HTTP</strong>" | ||
section: web | ||
--- | ||
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### Web | ||
### La Web | ||
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We have seen how computers connected on the Internet communicate in different languages called **protocols**, to exchange emails, files, chat messages... | ||
Hemos visto cómo las computadoras en Internet se comunican en diferentes idiomas llamados **protocolos**, para intercambiar correos electrónicos, archivos, mensajes de chat... | ||
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One of these protocols is called **HTTP**. It's the protocol with which computers share **Webpages** between each other, like the one you're currently reading. | ||
Uno de estos protocolos se llama **HTTP**. Es el protocolo con el que las computadoras comparten **Páginas Web** entre sí, como la que ahora estás leyendo. | ||
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The **Web** is the part of the Internet where Webpages are shared. You can tell you're browsing the Web if the URL starts with `http://`. | ||
La **Web** es la parte de Internet donde las Páginas Web son compartidas. Puedes decir que estás navegando la Web si el URL comienza con `http://`. | ||
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### Webpage | ||
### Página Web | ||
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A Webpage is a **document** written in HTML that is shared across the **Web**. | ||
Una Página Web es un **documento** escrito en HTML que se comparte a través de la **Web**. | ||
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You open these documents with a **Web browser**. | ||
Tú abres estos documentos con un **navegador Web**. | ||
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To access a Webpage you can either: | ||
Para tener acceso a una página web puedes: | ||
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* type its **URL**, like `http://marksheet.io/web.html` | ||
* click on a **link**, like [this one](http://marksheet.io/internet.html) | ||
* escribir su **URL**, como `http://marksheet.io/web.html` | ||
* dar clic en un **link** (hipervínculo), como [este](http://marksheet.io/internet.html) | ||
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Because remember URLs is cumbersome, the Web at its origin is based upon **interlinked documents** to make easy for users to _browse_ the Web. | ||
Debido a que recordar URLs es engorroso, la Web en un origen se basó en **documentos interligados** para hacer que fuera más fácil para los usuarios _navegar_ la Web. | ||
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### Website | ||
### Sitio Web | ||
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A **Website** is simply a _collection_ of Webpages located on a **same domain**. | ||
Un **Sitio Web** es simplemente una _colección_ de Páginas Web que se encuentran en un **mismo dominio**. | ||
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* **Web** `http://` | ||
* Website `marksheet.io` | ||
* Webpage `/introduction.html` | ||
* Webpage `/internet.html` | ||
* Webpage `/web.html` | ||
* Sitio Web `marksheet.io` | ||
* Página Web `/introduction.html` | ||
* Página Web `/internet.html` | ||
* Página Web `/web.html` | ||
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### Opening a Webpage in your browser | ||
### Abriendo una página Web en tu navegador | ||
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By navigating to <http://marksheet.io/web.html>, you're asking a computer on the Internet to get the `web.html` document. | ||
Al navegar a <http://marksheet.io/web.html>, estás pidiendo a una computadora en Internet que obtenga el documento `web.html`. | ||
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In that case, your computer is the **client**. You're asking the MarkSheet **server** (on which the website is hosted) to get the file called `web.html`. | ||
En ese caso, tu computadora es el **cliente**. Tu estás pidiendo al **servidor** Marksheet (donde el sitio web está alojado) que obtenga el archivo llamado `web.html`. | ||
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<div class="table"> | ||
<table> | ||
<tr> | ||
<th> | ||
<em>Client</em> | ||
<strong>Your computer</strong> | ||
<em>Cliente</em> | ||
<strong>Tu computadora</strong> | ||
</th> | ||
<td> | ||
<q>Hi MarkSheet computer! I'd like the <code>web.html</code> file please</q> | ||
<q>Hola computadora Marksheet! Quisiera el archivo <code>web.html</code> por favor.</q> | ||
</td> | ||
</tr> | ||
<tr> | ||
<th> | ||
<em>Server</em> | ||
<strong>The MarkSheet computer</strong> | ||
<em>Servidor</em> | ||
<strong>La computadora MarkSheet</strong> | ||
</th> | ||
<td> | ||
<q>Let me check if it's there... </q> | ||
<q>Déjame ver si está ahí... </q> | ||
</td> | ||
</tr> | ||
<tr> | ||
<th> | ||
<em>Client</em> | ||
<strong>Your computer</strong> | ||
<em>Cliente</em> | ||
<strong>Tu computadora</strong> | ||
</th> | ||
<td> | ||
<q>Ok I'll wait</q> | ||
<q>Está bien, esperaré.</q> | ||
</td> | ||
</tr> | ||
<tr> | ||
<th> | ||
<em>Server</em> | ||
<strong>The MarkSheet computer</strong> | ||
<em>Servidor</em> | ||
<strong>La computadora Marksheet</strong> | ||
</th> | ||
<td> | ||
<q>Oh, here it is! Let me send that to you.</q> | ||
<q>Oh, aquí está, te lo enviaré.</q> | ||
</td> | ||
</tr> | ||
<tr> | ||
<th> | ||
<em>Client</em> | ||
<strong>Your computer</strong> | ||
<em>Cliente</em> | ||
<strong>Tu computadora</strong> | ||
</th> | ||
<td> | ||
<q>Got it. Thanks!</q> | ||
<q>Lo tengo, ¡gracias!</q> | ||
</td> | ||
</tr> | ||
</table> | ||
</div> | ||
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Your browser is then able to display `web.html`. | ||
Tu navegador ahora puede mostrar `web.html`. | ||
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The file is **not saved** on your computer though: it is only displayed temporarily while you navigate it. If you go to <http://marksheet.io/web.html> later, it will ask the MarkSheet computer _again_ for that same file, if it still exists. That way, it ensures you always get the _latest_ version of the file. | ||
El archivo **no se guarda** en tu computadora: sólo se despliega temporalmente mientras lo navegas. Si quieres ir a <http://marksheet.io/web.html> después, tu computadora le preguntará a la computadora Marksheet _otra vez_ por ese archivo, si es que existe aún. De este modo, se asegura de que siempre tienes _la última_ versión del archivo. | ||
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Web | ||
: The part of the Internet that uses the **HTTP** protocol. | ||
: La parte de Internet que utiliza el protocolo **HTTP** | ||
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Webpage | ||
: A document written in **HTML**. | ||
Página Web | ||
: Un documento escrito en **HTML**. | ||
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Website | ||
: A collection of Webpages on the same **domain**. | ||
Sitio Web | ||
: Una colección de Páginas Web en el mismo **dominio**. | ||
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Browser | ||
: A program that can **open** Webpages in order to display them. | ||
Navegador | ||
: Un programa que puede **abrir** Páginas Web con el fin de mostrarlas. | ||
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*[HTTP]: HyperText Transfer Protocol | ||
*[HTTP]: HyperText Transfer Protocol (Protocolo de Transferencia de HiperTexto) |
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