Merge pull request #21910 from l0rd/windows-build-doc

[CI:DOCS] Add doc to build podman on windows without MSYS

build_windows.md

@@ -16,17 +16,192 @@ Pandoc could be installed from https://pandoc.org/installing.html When performin
 "Install for all users" (to put the binaries into "Program Files" directory).
 
 ## Install WiX Toolset v3 (is preinstalled in GitHub runner)
-The latest release of the WiX Toolset can be obtained from https://wixtoolset.org/docs/wix3/.  Installing it into a clean VM might require
+The latest release of the WiX Toolset can be obtained from https://wixtoolset.org/docs/wix3/. Installing it into a clean VM might require
 an additional installation of .NET Framework 3.5 in advance
 ([instructions for adding .NET Framework 3.5 via enabling the Windows feature](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/install/dotnet-35-windows#enable-the-net-framework-35-in-control-panel))
 
-## Install msys2
+## Building and running
+
+### Install git and go
+
+To build Podman, the [git](https://gitforwindows.org/) and [go](https://go.dev) tools are required. In case they are not yet installed,
+open a Windows Terminal and run the following command (it assumes that [winget](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/package-manager/winget/) is installed):
+
+```
+winget install -e GoLang.Go Git.Git
+```
+
+:information_source: A terminal restart is advised for the `PATH` to be reloaded. This can also be manually changed by configuring the `PATH`:
+
+```
+$env:Path += ";C:\Program Files\Go\bin\;C:\Program Files\Git\cmd\"
+```
+
+### Enable Hyper-V (optional)
+
+Podman on Windows can run on the [Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/) or
+on [Hyper-V](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/virtualization/hyper-v-on-windows/quick-start/enable-hyper-v).
+
+Hyper-V is built into Windows Enterprise, Pro, or Education (not Home) as an optional feature. It is available on Windows 10 and 11 only
+and [has some particular requirements in terms of CPU and memory](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/virtualization/hyper-v-on-windows/quick-start/enable-hyper-v#check-requirements).
+To enable it on a supported system, enter the following command:
+
+```
+Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Hyper-V -All
+```
+
+After running this command a restart of the Windows machine is required.
+
+:information_source: The VM provider used by podman (Hyper-V or WSL) can be configured in the file
+`%APPDATA%/containers/containers.conf`. [More on that later](#configure-podman).
+
+### Get the source code
+
+Open a Windows Terminal and run the following command:
+
+```
+git config --global core.autocrlf false
+```
+
+This configures git so that it does **not** automatically convert LF to CRLF. Files are expected to use the Unix LF rather
+Windows CRLF in the Podman git repository.
+
+Then run the command to clone the Podman git repository:
+
+```
+git clone https://github.com/containers/podman
+```
+
+This will create the folder `podman` in the current directory and clone the Podman git repository into it.
+
+### Build the podman client for windows
+
+The Podman client for Windows can be built with the PowerShell script [winmake.ps1](https://github.com/containers/podman/blob/main/winmake.ps1).
+
+The ExecutionPolicy is set to `Restricted` on Windows computers by default: running scripts is not allowed.
+The ExecutionPolicy on the machine can be determined with this command:
+
+```
+Get-ExecutionPolicy
+```
+
+If the command returns `Restricted`, the ExecutionPolicy should be changed to `RemoteSigned`:
+
+```
+Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser
+```
+
+This policy allows the execution of local PowerShell scripts, such as `winmake.ps1`, for the current user:
+
+```
+# Get in the podman git repository directory
+cd podman
+
+# Build podman.exe
+.\winmake.ps1 podman-remote
+
+# Downlaod gvproxy.exe and win-sshproxy.exe
+# that are needed to execute the podman client
+.\winmake.ps1 win-gvproxy
+```
+
+:information_source: To verify that the build was completed successfully, check the content of the .\bin\windows` folder.
+Upon successful completion three executables should be shown:
+
+```
+ls .\bin\windows\
+
+
+    Directory: C:\Users\mario\Git\podman\bin\windows
+
+
+Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name
+----                 -------------         ------ ----
+-a----         2/29/2024  12:10 PM       10946048 gvproxy.exe
+-a----         2/27/2024  11:59 AM       45408256 podman.exe
+-a----         2/29/2024  12:10 PM        4089856 win-sshproxy.exe
+```
+
+### Configure podman
+
+Create a containers.conf file:
+
+```
+mkdir $env:APPDATA\containers\
+New-Item -ItemType File $env:APPDATA\containers\containers.conf
+notepad $env:APPDATA\containers\containers.conf
+```
+
+and add the following lines in it:
+
+```toml
+[machine]
+# Specify the provider
+# Values can be "hyperv" or "wsl"
+provider="hyperv"
+[engine]
+# Specify the path of the helper binaries.
+# NOTE: path should use slashes instead of anti-slashes
+helper_binaries_dir=["C:/Users/mario/git/podman/bin/windows"]
+```
+
+Create a policy.json file:
+
+```
+New-Item -ItemType File $env:APPDATA\containers\policy.json
+notepad $env:APPDATA\containers\policy.json
+````
+
+and add the following lines in it:
+
+```json
+{
+  "default": [
+    {
+      "type": "insecureAcceptAnything"
+    }
+  ],
+  "transports": {
+    "docker-daemon": {
+      "": [{ "type": "insecureAcceptAnything" }]
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Create and start a podman machine
+
+Run a terminal **as an administrator** and execute the following commands to create a Podman machine:
+
+```
+.\bin\windows\podman.exe machine init
+```
+
+When `machine init` completes run `machine start`:
+
+```
+.\bin\windows\podman.exe machine start
+```
+
+### Run a container using podman
+
+The locally built Podman client for Windows can now be used to run containers:
+
+```
+.\bin\windows\podman.exe run hello-world
+```
+
+:information_source: Unlike the previous machine commands, this one doesn't require administrative privileges.
+
+## Building the Podman client and installer with MSYS2
+
+### Install msys2
 
 Podman requires brew -- a collection of Unix like build tools and libraries adapted for Windows. More details and
 installation instructions are available from their [home page](https://www.msys2.org/). There are also premade GitHub
 actions for this tool that are available.
 
-## Install build dependencies
+### Install build dependencies
 
 Podman requires some software from msys2 to be able to build. This can be done using msys2 shell. One can start it
 from the Start menu. This documentation covers only usage of MSYS2 UCRT64 shell (msys2 shells come preconfigured for
@@ -44,19 +219,19 @@ $ mkdir -p /usr/local/bin
 $ ln -sf "/c/Program Files/Pandoc/pandoc.exe" "/usr/local/bin/pandoc.exe"
 ```
 
-## Restart shell (important)
+### Restart shell (important)
 
 One needs to restart the [msys2](https://www.msys2.org/) shell after dependency installation before proceeding with the build.
 
-## Obtain Podman source code
+### Obtain Podman source code
 
 One can obtain the latest source code for Podman from its [GitHub](https://github.com/containers/podman) repository.
 
 ```
 $ git clone https://github.com/containers/podman.git go/src/github.com/containers/podman
 ```
 
-## Build client
+### Build client
 
 After completing the preparatory steps of obtaining the Podman source code and installing its dependencies, the client
 can now be built.
@@ -69,7 +244,7 @@ $ make clean podman-remote-release-windows_amd64.zip
 The complete distribution will be packaged to the `podman-remote-release-windows_amd64.zip` file. It is possible to
 unzip it and replace files in the default Podman installation with the built ones to use the custom build.
 
-### Build client only (for faster feedback loop)
+#### Build client only (for faster feedback loop)
 
 Building Podman by following this documentation can take a fair amount of time and effort. Packaging the installer adds even more overhead. If
 the only needed artifact is the Podman binary itself, it is possible to build only it with this command:
@@ -83,9 +258,9 @@ Podman.
 
 It is also possible to cross-build for other platforms by providing GOOS and GOARCH environment variables.
 
-## Build client installer
+### Build client installer
 
-As Windows requires more effort in comparison to Unix  systems for installation procedures, it is sometimes
+As Windows requires more effort in comparison to Unix systems for installation procedures, it is sometimes
 easier to pack the changes into a ready-to-use installer. To create the installer, the full client distribution in ZIP
 format has to be built beforehand.