chore: Sync docs from cosmos-sdk/docs

docs/build/architecture/adr-014-proportional-slashing.md

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ Whenever a new slash occurs, a `SlashEvent` struct is created with the faulting
 
 We then will iterate over all the SlashEvents in the queue, adding their `ValidatorVotingPercent` to calculate the new percent to slash all the validators in the queue at, using the "Square of Sum of Roots" formula introduced above.
 
-Once we have the `NewSlashPercent`, we then iterate over all the `SlashEvent`s in the queue once again, and if `NewSlashPercent > SlashedSoFar` for that SlashEvent, we call the `staking.Slash(slashEvent.Address, slashEvent.Power, Math.Min(Math.Max(minSlashPercent, NewSlashPercent - SlashedSoFar), maxSlashPercent)` (we pass in the power of the validator before any slashes occurred, so that we slash the right amount of tokens).  We then set `SlashEvent.SlashedSoFar` amount to `NewSlashPercent`.
+Once we have the `NewSlashPercent`, we then iterate over all the `SlashEvent`s in the queue once again, and if `NewSlashPercent > SlashedSoFar` for that SlashEvent, we call the `staking.Slash(slashEvent.Address, slashEvent.Power, Math.Min(Math.Max(minSlashPercent, NewSlashPercent - SlashedSoFar), maxSlashPercent))` (we pass in the power of the validator before any slashes occurred, so that we slash the right amount of tokens).  We then set `SlashEvent.SlashedSoFar` amount to `NewSlashPercent`.
 
 ## Status
 

docs/build/architecture/adr-039-epoched-staking.md

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ This ADR updates the proof of stake module to buffer the staking weight updates
 
 The current proof of stake module takes the design decision to apply staking weight changes to the consensus engine immediately. This means that delegations and unbonds get applied immediately to the validator set. This decision was primarily done as it was implementationally simplest, and because we at the time believed that this would lead to better UX for clients.
 
-An alternative design choice is to allow buffering staking updates (delegations, unbonds, validators joining) for a number of blocks. This 'epoch'd proof of stake consensus provides the guarantee that the consensus weights for validators will not change mid-epoch, except in the event of a slash condition.
+An alternative design choice is to allow buffering staking updates (delegations, unbonds, validators joining) for a number of blocks. This 'epoch'ed proof of stake consensus provides the guarantee that the consensus weights for validators will not change mid-epoch, except in the event of a slash condition.
 
 Additionally, the UX hurdle may not be as significant as was previously thought. This is because it is possible to provide users immediate acknowledgement that their bond was recorded and will be executed.
 

docs/build/architecture/adr-049-state-sync-hooks.md

@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ type ExtensionSnapshotter interface {
 
 ## Consequences
 
-As a result of this implementation, we are able to create snapshots of binary chunk stream for the state that we maintain outside of the IAVL Tree, CosmWasm blobs for example. And new clients are able to fetch sanpshots of state for all modules that have implemented the corresponding interface from peer nodes. 
+As a result of this implementation, we are able to create snapshots of binary chunk stream for the state that we maintain outside of the IAVL Tree, CosmWasm blobs for example. And new clients are able to fetch snapshots of state for all modules that have implemented the corresponding interface from peer nodes.
 
 
 ### Backwards Compatibility

docs/build/building-modules/11-structure.md

@@ -50,41 +50,39 @@ x/{module_name}
 │   ├── keys.go
 │   ├── msg_server.go
 │   └── querier.go
-├── module
-│   └── module.go
-│   └── abci.go
-│   └── autocli.go
-│   └── depinject.go
 ├── simulation
 │   ├── decoder.go
 │   ├── genesis.go
 │   ├── operations.go
 │   └── params.go
-├── {module_name}.pb.go
-├── codec.go
-├── errors.go
-├── events.go
-├── events.pb.go
-├── expected_keepers.go
-├── genesis.go
-├── genesis.pb.go
-├── keys.go
-├── msgs.go
-├── params.go
-├── query.pb.go
-├── tx.pb.go
+├── types
+│   ├── {module_name}.pb.go
+│   ├── codec.go
+│   ├── errors.go
+│   ├── events.go
+│   ├── events.pb.go
+│   ├── expected_keepers.go
+│   ├── genesis.go
+│   ├── genesis.pb.go
+│   ├── keys.go
+│   ├── msgs.go
+│   ├── params.go
+│   ├── query.pb.go
+│   └── tx.pb.go
+├── module.go
+├── abci.go
+├── autocli.go
+├── depinject.go
 └── README.md
 ```
 
 * `client/`: The module's CLI client functionality implementation and the module's CLI testing suite.
 * `exported/`: The module's exported types - typically interface types. If a module relies on keepers from another module, it is expected to receive the keepers as interface contracts through the `expected_keepers.go` file (see below) in order to avoid a direct dependency on the module implementing the keepers. However, these interface contracts can define methods that operate on and/or return types that are specific to the module that is implementing the keepers and this is where `exported/` comes into play. The interface types that are defined in `exported/` use canonical types, allowing for the module to receive the keepers as interface contracts through the `expected_keepers.go` file. This pattern allows for code to remain DRY and also alleviates import cycle chaos.
 * `keeper/`: The module's `Keeper` and `MsgServer` implementation.
     * `abci.go`: The module's `BeginBlocker` and `EndBlocker` implementations (this file is only required if `BeginBlocker` and/or `EndBlocker` need to be defined).
-* `module/`: The module's `AppModule` implementation.
-    * `autocli.go`: The module [autocli](https://docs.cosmos.network/main/core/autocli) options.
 * `simulation/`: The module's [simulation](./14-simulator.md) package defines functions used by the blockchain simulator application (`simapp`).
 * `README.md`: The module's specification documents outlining important concepts, state storage structure, and message and event type definitions. Learn more how to write module specs in the [spec guidelines](../spec/SPEC_MODULE.md).
-* The root directory includes type definitions for messages, events, and genesis state, including the type definitions generated by Protocol Buffers.
+* `types/`: includes type definitions for messages, events, and genesis state, including the type definitions generated by Protocol Buffers.
     * `codec.go`: The module's registry methods for interface types.
     * `errors.go`: The module's sentinel errors.
     * `events.go`: The module's event types and constructors.
@@ -94,3 +92,8 @@ x/{module_name}
     * `msgs.go`: The module's message type definitions and associated methods.
     * `params.go`: The module's parameter type definitions and associated methods.
     * `*.pb.go`: The module's type definitions generated by Protocol Buffers (as defined in the respective `*.proto` files above).
+* The root directory includes the module's `AppModule` implementation.
+    * `autocli.go`: The module [autocli](https://docs.cosmos.network/main/core/autocli) options.
+    * `depinject.go`: The module [depinject](./15-depinject.md#type-definition) options.
+
+> Note: although the above pattern is followed by most of the Cosmos SDK modules, there are some modules that don't follow this pattern. E.g `x/group` and `x/nft` dont have a `types` folder, instead all of the type definitions for messages, events, and genesis state are live in the root directory and the module's `AppModule` implementation lives in the `module` folder.

docs/build/tooling/01-cosmovisor.md

@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ Use of `cosmovisor` without one of the action arguments is deprecated. For backw
 
 The `cosmovisor/` directory includes a subdirectory for each version of the application (i.e. `genesis` or `upgrades/<name>`). Within each subdirectory is the application binary (i.e. `bin/$DAEMON_NAME`) and any additional auxiliary files associated with each binary. `current` is a symbolic link to the currently active directory (i.e. `genesis` or `upgrades/<name>`). The `name` variable in `upgrades/<name>` is the lowercased URI-encoded name of the upgrade as specified in the upgrade module plan. Note that the upgrade name path are normalized to be lowercased: for instance, `MyUpgrade` is normalized to `myupgrade`, and its path is `upgrades/myupgrade`.
 
-Please note that `$DAEMON_HOME/cosmovisor` only stores the *application binaries*. The `cosmovisor` binary itself can be stored in any typical location (e.g. `/usr/local/bin`). The application will continue to store its data in the default data directory (e.g. `$HOME/.simapp`) or the data directory specified with the `--home` flag. `$DAEMON_HOME` is independent of the data directory and can be set to any location. If you set `$DAEMON_HOME` to the same directory as the data directory, you will end up with a configuration like the following:
+Please note that `$DAEMON_HOME/cosmovisor` only stores the *application binaries*. The `cosmovisor` binary itself can be stored in any typical location (e.g. `/usr/local/bin`). The application will continue to store its data in the default data directory (e.g. `$HOME/.simapp`) or the data directory specified with the `--home` flag. `$DAEMON_HOME` is dependent of the data directory and must be set to the same directory as the data directory, you will end up with a configuration like the following:
 
 ```text
 .simapp

docs/learn/advanced/00-baseapp.md

@@ -49,9 +49,7 @@ management logic.
 
 The `BaseApp` type holds many important parameters for any Cosmos SDK based application.
 
-```go reference
 https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.50.0-alpha.0/baseapp/baseapp.go#L58-L182
-```
 
 Let us go through the most important components.
 
@@ -492,9 +490,8 @@ The `FinalizeBlock` ABCI function defined in `BaseApp` does the bulk of the stat
 
 Instead of using their `checkState`, full-nodes use `finalizeblock`:
 
-```go reference
 https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.50.0-alpha.0/baseapp/baseapp.go#LL708-L743
-```
+
 
 Transaction execution within `FinalizeBlock` performs the **exact same steps as `CheckTx`**, with a little caveat at step 3 and the addition of a fifth step:
 

docs/learn/advanced/01-transactions.md

@@ -187,9 +187,8 @@ simd tx send $MY_VALIDATOR_ADDRESS $RECIPIENT 1000stake
 
 [gRPC](https://grpc.io) is the main component for the Cosmos SDK's RPC layer. Its principal usage is in the context of modules' [`Query` services](../../build/building-modules/04-query-services.md). However, the Cosmos SDK also exposes a few other module-agnostic gRPC services, one of them being the `Tx` service:
 
-```go reference
 https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.50.0-alpha.0/proto/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/service.proto
-```
+
 
 The `Tx` service exposes a handful of utility functions, such as simulating a transaction or querying a transaction, and also one method to broadcast transactions.
 

docs/learn/advanced/02-context.md

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.50.0-alpha.0/types/context.go#L41-L
   `Events` by defining various `Types` and `Attributes` or use the common definitions found in `types/`. Clients can subscribe or query for these `Events`. These `Events` are collected throughout `FinalizeBlock` and are returned to CometBFT for indexing.
 * **Priority:** The transaction priority, only relevant in `CheckTx`.
 * **KV `GasConfig`:** Enables applications to set a custom `GasConfig` for the `KVStore`.
-* **Transient KV `GasConfig`:** Enables applications to set a custom `GasConfig` for the transiant `KVStore`.
+* **Transient KV `GasConfig`:** Enables applications to set a custom `GasConfig` for the transient `KVStore`.
 * **StreamingManager:** The streamingManager field provides access to the streaming manager, which allows modules to subscribe to state changes emitted by the blockchain. The streaming manager is used by the state listening API, which is described in [ADR 038](https://docs.cosmos.network/main/architecture/adr-038-state-listening).
 * **CometInfo:** A lightweight field that contains information about the current block, such as the block height, time, and hash. This information can be used for validating evidence, providing historical data, and enhancing the user experience. For further details see [here](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/main/core/comet/service.go#L14).
 * **HeaderInfo:** The `headerInfo` field contains information about the current block header, such as the chain ID, gas limit, and timestamp. For further details see [here](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/main/core/header/service.go#L14).
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Contexts are intended to be **immutable**; they should never be edited. Instead,
 to create a child context from its parent using a `With` function. For example:
 
 ```go
-childCtx = parentCtx.WithBlockHeader(header)
+childCtx := parentCtx.WithBlockHeader(header)
 ```
 
 The [Golang Context Package](https://pkg.go.dev/context) documentation instructs developers to
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ goes wrong. The pattern of usage for a Context is as follows:
 
 1. A process receives a Context `ctx` from its parent process, which provides information needed to
    perform the process.
-2. The `ctx.ms` is a **branched store**, i.e. a branch of the [multistore](./04-store.md#multistore) is made so that the process can make changes to the state as it executes, without changing the original`ctx.ms`. This is useful to protect the underlying multistore in case the changes need to be reverted at some point in the execution.
+2. The `ctx.ms` is a **branched store**, i.e. a branch of the [multistore](./04-store.md#multistore) is made so that the process can make changes to the state as it executes, without changing the original `ctx.ms`. This is useful to protect the underlying multistore in case the changes need to be reverted at some point in the execution.
 3. The process may read and write from `ctx` as it is executing. It may call a subprocess and pass
    `ctx` to it as needed.
 4. When a subprocess returns, it checks if the result is a success or failure. If a failure, nothing

docs/learn/advanced/03-node.md

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ simd start
 
 As a reminder, the full-node is composed of three conceptual layers: the networking layer, the consensus layer and the application layer. The first two are generally bundled together in an entity called the consensus engine (CometBFT by default), while the third is the state-machine defined with the help of the Cosmos SDK. Currently, the Cosmos SDK uses CometBFT as the default consensus engine, meaning the start command is implemented to boot up a CometBFT node.
 
-The flow of the `start` command is pretty straightforward. First, it retrieves the `config` from the `context` in order to open the `db` (a [`leveldb`](https://github.com/syndtr/goleveldb) instance by default). This `db` contains the latest known state of the application (empty if the application is started from the first time.
+The flow of the `start` command is pretty straightforward. First, it retrieves the `config` from the `context` in order to open the `db` (a [`levelDB`](https://github.com/syndtr/goleveldb) instance by default). This `db` contains the latest known state of the application (empty if the application is started from the first time).
 
 With the `db`, the `start` command creates a new instance of the application using an `appCreator` function:
 

docs/learn/advanced/05-encoding.md

@@ -83,9 +83,7 @@ https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.50.0-alpha.0/types/tx_msg.go#L91-L9
 
 A standard implementation of both these objects can be found in the [`auth/tx` module](https://docs.cosmos.network/main/build/modules/auth#transactions):
 
-```go reference
 https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.50.0-alpha.0/x/auth/tx/decoder.go
-```
 
 ```go reference
 https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.50.0-alpha.0/x/auth/tx/encoder.go

docs/learn/advanced/10-ocap.md

@@ -67,9 +67,7 @@ sumValue := externalModule.ComputeSumValue(*account)
 
 In the Cosmos SDK, you can see the application of this principle in simapp.
 
-```go reference
 https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.50.0-alpha.0/simapp/app.go
-```
 
 The following diagram shows the current dependencies between keepers.
 

docs/learn/beginner/01-tx-lifecycle.md

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ The command-line is an easy way to interact with an application, but `Tx` can al
 
 ## Transaction Broadcasting
 
-This is the next phase, where a transactison is sent from a client (such as a wallet or a command-line interface) to the network of nodes. This process is consensus-agnostic, meaning it can work with various consensus engines.
+This is the next phase, where a transaction is sent from a client (such as a wallet or a command-line interface) to the network of nodes. This process is consensus-agnostic, meaning it can work with various consensus engines.
 
 Below are the steps involved in transaction broadcasting:
 

docs/learn/beginner/02-query-lifecycle.md

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ One such tool is [grpcurl](https://github.com/fullstorydev/grpcurl), and a gRPC
 
 ```bash
 grpcurl \
-    -plaintext                                           # We want results in plain test
+    -plaintext                                           # We want results in plain text
     -import-path ./proto \                               # Import these .proto files
     -proto ./proto/cosmos/staking/v1beta1/query.proto \  # Look into this .proto file for the Query protobuf service
     -d '{"address":"$MY_DELEGATOR"}' \                   # Query arguments

docs/learn/beginner/03-accounts.md

@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ A few notes on the `Keyring` methods:
 https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.50.0-alpha.0/proto/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/tx.proto#L50-L66
 ```
 
-* `NewAccount(uid, mnemonic, bip39Passphrase, hdPath string, algo SignatureAlgo) (*Record, error)` creates a new account based on the [`bip44 path`](https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0044.mediawiki) and persists it on disk. The `PrivKey` is **never stored unencrypted**, instead it is [encrypted with a passphrase](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.50.0-alpha.0/crypto/armor.go) before being persisted. In the context of this method, the key type and sequence number refer to the segment of the BIP44 derivation path (for example, `0`, `1`, `2`, ...) that is used to derive a private and a public key from the mnemonic. Using the same mnemonic and derivation path, the same `PrivKey`, `PubKey` and `Address` is generated. The following keys are supported by the keyring:
+* `NewAccount(uid, mnemonic, bip39Passphrase, hdPath string, algo SignatureAlgo) (*Record, error)` creates a new account based on the [`bip44 path`](https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0044.mediawiki) and persists it on disk. The `PrivKey` is **never stored unencrypted**, instead it is [encrypted with a passphrase](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.50.0-alpha.0/crypto/armor.go) before being persisted. In the context of this method, the key type and sequence number refers to the segment of the BIP44 derivation path (for example, `0`, `1`, `2`, ...) that is used to derive a private and a public key from the mnemonic. Using the same mnemonic and derivation path, the same `PrivKey`, `PubKey` and `Address` is generated. The following keys are supported by the keyring:
 
 * `secp256k1`
 * `ed25519`