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Merge pull request #63 from digbmc/wbbm-grace
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japanese chinese scholarship page edits
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gforesman authored May 2, 2024
2 parents 9a81206 + d482b64 commit 32fe124
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18 changes: 14 additions & 4 deletions _data/media.yml
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title: Clerical Script Calligraphy on Vermillion Silver-flecked Paper
creator: Shi Yandao
date: 1925
description: During Chapin's first visit to China in 1925, a Buddhist monk gave her this transcription of a Buddhist poem from the Song Dynasty. The transcription contains her Chinese first name (彬華) and signals his recognition of her sincere academic interest in Buddhism, poetry, and art. During her second trip to China on a research fellowship through Swarthmore College, Chapin was invited by the Palace Museum in Beijing to help identify several Buddhist statues.
description: A transcription of a poem gifted to Chapin during her travels in China.
source:
accession_number: 2011.27.45

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item_location: /assets/images/media_046.png
title: Opium Pipe
creator:
date: 19th century to early 20th century
description: This small pipe is designed for smoking opium. Even though opium pipes are associated with East Asian cultures, opium only entered these countries due to Western influence. Britain attempted to economically colonize China by selling opium and making China dependent on trade. In the US, as anti-Chinese sentiment rose, the stereotype of Chinese workers smoking opium and being lazy spread. Collecting this pipe echoes the Western imperialism in East Asia. ​
date: 19th century - early 20th century
description: A small opium pipe from Chapin's collection donated to the college.
source:
accession_number: TN.168
accession_number: TN.168

- item_id: media_047
item_type: image
item_location: /assets/images/media_047.png
title: Shoe for Lady's Bound Foot
creator:
date: Late 19th century - early 20th century
description: A small shoe for a bound foot. Part of Chapin's colelction donated to the college.
source:
accession_number: TN.180
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20 changes: 18 additions & 2 deletions current/disoriented/japanese-chinese-scholarships.md
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Following graduation, Chapin worked as a stenographer in the Oriental Art department of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, where she developed the enthusiasm for East Asian culture that would become her life-long devotion. She traveled extensively through Asia, studying East Asian languages and culture, and eventually earning a Ph.D. with a thesis on a pair of swords. She became a research analyst in Chinese and Japanese for the U.S. Department of Justice, and later the Arts and Monuments Specialist for the U.S. Army in Korea. ​

Upon her death, Chapin gave her rich collections of books and art to Bryn Mawr College. These materials reflect her deep knowledge of East Asian cultures, even as they include several items that misrepresent East Asian as antiquated, primitive, and exotic to Western eyes.

## Chapin's Collection

### Clerical Script

{% include media.html item_id="media_045" align="left" %}

During Chapin's first visit to China in 1925, a Buddhist monk gave her this transcription of a Buddhist poem from the Song Dynasty. The transcription contains her Chinese first name (彬華) and signals his recognition of her sincere academic interest in Buddhism, poetry, and art. During her second trip to China on a research fellowship through Swarthmore College, Chapin was invited by the Palace Museum in Beijing to help identify several Buddhist statues.

### The Opium Pipe

{% include media.html item_id="media_046" align="left" %}

Upon her death, Chapin gave her rich collections of books and art to Bryn Mawr College. These materials reflect her deep knowledge of East Asian cultures, even as they include several items that misrepresent East Asian as antiquated, primitive, and exotic to Western eyes.
This small pipe is designed for smoking opium. Even though opium pipes are associated with East Asian cultures, opium only entered these countries due to Western influence. Britain attempted to economically colonize China by selling opium and making China dependent on trade. In the US, as anti-Chinese sentiment rose, the stereotype of Chinese workers smoking opium and being lazy spread. Collecting this pipe echoes the Western imperialism in East Asia. ​

### Shoes for bound feet

{% include media.html item_id="media_047" align="left" %}

{% include media.html item_id="media_045" align="center" %}
Although the practice of binding women's feet ended by the 20th century, Americans continued to be fascinated by the practice, which they deemed exotic and strange. Multiple Chinese women with bound feet were brought to America and put on display in public to be gawked at. Most famously, the first Chinese woman to come to America, Afong Moy, was taken from China in 1834 and exhibited in a fake Chinese salon with posters headlined “The Chinese lady with astonishing little feet." Chapin's collection of such objects may have participated in this spectacle.​
6 changes: 5 additions & 1 deletion current/disoriented/orientalism-at-deanery.md
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---

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Although it began as a five-room cottage, by the time of her death in 1935, M. Carey Thomas had transformed her home, The Deanery, into an opulently appointed mansion. Thomas collected furniture and art from China, Japan, Egypt, India, and Syria for her home and garden, despite regularly expressing her hatred for non-white people and her support for eugenics in her journals, letters, and even public speeches. ​

Thomas' collection of Asian art revealed a larger system of Orientalism. White Europeans and Americans often collected art, especially Asian art, while supporting policies that excluded the very people who made it. Imitations of Asian antiquities were mass produced for department stores and sold as authentic to fashionable white households. Rather than appreciation, its display reinforced imperialism and Western dominance over an imagined primitive and unchanging Asia. This art, everywhere in the Deanery, surrounded everyone who entered – including students, staff, and faculty of the college.

#
6 changes: 5 additions & 1 deletion current/disoriented/yellowface-on-campus.md
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Student plays, important to early campus culture, reflected prevailing social norms, which were grounded in social exclusion, elitism, and notions of racial superiority. Both The Chinese Lantern (1908) and The Mikado (1885) feature Asian characters with intentionally distorted names meant to highlight their foreignness and dialogue meant to mock Chinese and Japanese accents. These plays were performed for the student body in 1915 and 1916, in the years leading up to Liu Fung Kei's arrival, and when Fujita Taki, the seventh recipient of the Japanese Scholarship, was on campus. The Mikado was performed several more times in subsequent years, when there were even more East Asian students on campus. ​


Production photographs show students dressed in costumes and makeup meant to mimic a stereotypical East Asian appearance. When performing The Chinese Lantern, students painted the set with fake Chinese characters and hung lanterns, with blessings written in kanji—upside down. Even with Japanese Scholarship students on campus, stereotypes prevailed, and white students felt comfortable ridiculing Asian people and cultures by performing these plays.

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