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contents/labs/raspi/setup/setup.qmd

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ An operating system (OS) is fundamental software that manages computer hardware
    - User interface: Providing a way for users to interact with the computer
 2. **Components**:
    - Kernel: The core of the OS that manages hardware resources
-   - Shell: The user interface for interacting with the OS
+   - bash: The user interface for interacting with the OS
    - File system: Organizes and manages data storage
    - Device drivers: Software that allows the OS to communicate with hardware
 
@@ -160,11 +160,11 @@ The easiest way to interact with the Rasp-Zero is via SSH ("Headless"). You can
 1. Find your Raspberry Pi's IP address (for example, check your router).
 
 2. On your computer, open a terminal and connect via SSH:
-   ```shell
+   ```bash
    ssh username@[raspberry_pi_ip_address]   
    ```
    Alternatively, if you do not have the IP address, you can try the following:
-    ```shell
+    ```bash
    ssh [email protected]   
     ```
     for example, `ssh [email protected]` , `ssh [email protected]` , etc.
@@ -173,19 +173,19 @@ The easiest way to interact with the Rasp-Zero is via SSH ("Headless"). You can
 
    When you see the prompt:
 
-   ```shell
+   ```bash
    mjrovai@rpi-5:~ $
    ```
 
    It means that you are interacting remotely with your Raspi.
    It is a good practice to update/upgrade the system regularly. For that, you should run:
 
-   ```shell
+   ```bash
    sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt upgrade
    ```
    You should confirm the Raspi IP address. On the terminal, you can use:
-   ```shell
+   ```bash
    hostname -I
    ```
 
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ When you want to turn off your Raspberry Pi, there are better ideas than just pu
 
 For safety shut down, use the command line:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 sudo shutdown -h now
 ```
 
@@ -220,43 +220,43 @@ Let's create a text file on our computer, for example, `test.txt`.
 
 To copy the file named `test.txt` from your personal computer to a user’s home folder on your Raspberry Pi, run the following command from the directory containing `test.txt`, replacing the `<username>` placeholder with the username you use to log in to your Raspberry Pi and the `<pi_ip_address>` placeholder with your Raspberry Pi’s IP address:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 $ scp test.txt <username>@<pi_ip_address>:~/
 ```
 
 > Note that `~/`  means that we will move the file to the ROOT of our Raspi. You can choose any folder in your Raspi. But you should create the folder before you run `scp`, since `scp` won’t create folders automatically. 
 
 For example, let's transfer the file `test.txt`  to the ROOT of my Raspi-zero, which has an IP of `192.168.4.210`:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 scp test.txt [email protected]:~/
 ```
 
 ![](images/png/transfer_file.png)
 
-I use a different shell profile to differentiate the terminals. The above action happens **on your computer**. Now, let's go to our Raspi (using the SSH) and check if the file is there:
+I use a different profile to differentiate the terminals. The above action happens **on your computer**. Now, let's go to our Raspi (using the SSH) and check if the file is there:
 
 ![](images/png/list_archives.png)
 
 ##### Copy files from your Raspberry Pi
 
 To copy a file named `test.txt` from a user’s home directory on a Raspberry Pi to the current directory on another computer, run the following command **on your Host Computer**:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 $ scp <username>@<pi_ip_address>:myfile.txt .
 ```
 
 For example:
 
 On the Raspi, let's create a copy of the file with another name:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 cp test.txt test_2.txt
 ```
 
 And on the Host Computer (in my case, a Mac)
 
-```shell
+```bash
 scp [email protected]:test_2.txt .
 ```
 
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ scp [email protected]:test_2.txt .
 
 Transferring files using FTP, such as [FileZilla FTP Client](https://filezilla-project.org/download.php?type=client), is also possible. Follow the instructions, install the program for your Desktop OS, and use the Raspi IP address as the `Host`. For example:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 sftp://192.168.4.210
 ```
 
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ and enter your Raspi `username and password`. Pressing `Quickconnect` will open
 
 Using `htop`, a cross-platform interactive process viewer, you can easily monitor the resources running on your Raspi, such as the list of processes, the running CPUs, and the memory used in real-time.  To lunch `hop`, enter with the command on the terminal:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 htop
 ```
 
@@ -292,27 +292,27 @@ By default, the Rapi-Zero's SWAP (Swp) memory is only 100MB, which is very small
 
 First, turn off swap-file:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 sudo dphys-swapfile swapoff
 ```
 
 Next, you should open and change the file `/etc/dphys-swapfile`. For that, we will use the nano:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 sudo nano /etc/dphys-swapfile
 ```
 
-Search for the **CONF_SWAPSIZE** variable (default is 100) and update it to **2000**:
+Search for the **CONF_SWAPSIZE** variable (default is 200) and update it to **2000**:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 CONF_SWAPSIZE=2000
 ```
 
 And save the file.
 
 Next, turn on the swapfile again and reboot the Rasp-zero:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 sudo dphys-swapfile setup
 sudo dphys-swapfile swapon
 sudo reboot
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ The Raspi is an excellent device for computer vision applications; a camera is n
 
 1. Power off the Raspi:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 sudo shutdown -h no
 ```
 
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ sudo shutdown -h no
 3. Power on again and run the SSH
 3. To check if your USB camera is recognized, run:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 lsusb
 ```
 
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ You should see your camera listed in the output.
 
 5. To take a test picture with your USB camera, use:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 fswebcam test_image.jpg
 ```
 
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ This will save an image named "test_image.jpg" in your current directory.
 
 Open a terminal **on your host computer** and run:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 scp [email protected]:~/test_image.jpg .
 ```
 
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ scp [email protected]:~/test_image.jpg .
 
 7. If the image quality isn't satisfactory, you can adjust various settings; for example, define a resolution that is suitable for YOLO (640x640):
 
-```shell
+```bash
 fswebcam -r 640x640 --no-banner test_image_yolo.jpg
 ```
 
@@ -401,13 +401,13 @@ For stream video (which is more resource-intensive), we can install and use mjpg
 
 First, install Git:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 sudo apt install git
 ```
 
 Now, we should install the necessary dependencies for mjpg-streamer, clone the repository, and proceed with the installation:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 sudo apt install cmake libjpeg62-turbo-dev
 git clone https://github.com/jacksonliam/mjpg-streamer.git
 cd mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental
@@ -417,15 +417,17 @@ sudo make install
 
 Then start the stream with:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 mjpg_streamer -i "input_uvc.so" -o "output_http.so -w ./www"
 ```
 
-We can then access the stream by opening a web browser and navigating to: `http://<your_pi_ip_address>:8080`. In my case: http://192.168.4.210:8080
+We can then access the stream by opening a web browser and navigating to: 
+
+`http://<your_pi_ip_address>:8080`. In my case: http://192.168.4.210:8080
 
 We should see a webpage with options to view the stream. Click on the link that says "Stream" or try accessing:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 http://<raspberry_pi_ip_address>:8080/?action=stream
 ```
 
@@ -445,31 +447,31 @@ Here is another example of a v2 Camera Module, which has a **Sony IMX219** 8-meg
 
 Any camera module will work on the Raspis, but for that, the `onfiguration.txt` file must be updated:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 sudo nano /boot/firmware/config.txt
 ```
 
 At the bottom of the file, for example, to use the 5MP Arducam OV5647 camera, add the line:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 dtoverlay=ov5647,cam0
 ```
 
 Or for the v2 module, wich has the 8MP Sony IMX219 camera:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 dtoverlay=imx219,cam0
 ```
 
 Save the file (CTRL+O [ENTER] CRTL+X) and reboot the Raspi:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 Sudo reboot
 ```
 
 After the boot, you can see if the camera is listed:
 
-```shell
+```bash
 libcamera-hello --list-cameras
 ```
 
@@ -481,7 +483,7 @@ libcamera-hello --list-cameras
 
 Let's capture a jpeg image with a resolution of 640 x 480 for testing and save it to a file named `test_cli_camera.jpg`
 
-```shell
+```bash
 rpicam-jpeg --output test_cli_camera.jpg --width 640 --height 480
 ```
 
@@ -498,7 +500,7 @@ While we've primarily interacted with the Raspberry Pi using terminal commands v
 1. Enable the VNC Server:
    - Connect to your Raspberry Pi via SSH.
    - Run the Raspberry Pi configuration tool by entering:
-     ```shell
+     ```bash
      sudo raspi-config
      ```
    - Navigate to `Interface Options` using the arrow keys.
@@ -518,7 +520,7 @@ While we've primarily interacted with the Raspberry Pi using terminal commands v
 
 3. Once installed, you should confirm the Raspi IP address. For example, on the terminal, you can use:
 
-   ```shell
+   ```bash
    hostname -I
    ```
 
@@ -548,15 +550,15 @@ While we've primarily interacted with the Raspberry Pi using terminal commands v
 ## Updating and Installing Software
 
 1. Update your system:
-   ```shell
+   ```bash
    sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
    ```
 2. Install essential software:
-   ```shell
+   ```bash
    sudo apt install python3-pip -y
    ```
 3. Enable pip for Python projects:
-   ```shell
+   ```bash
    sudo rm /usr/lib/python3.11/EXTERNALLY-MANAGED
    ```