Auto3D is a Python package for generating low-energy conformers from SMILES/SDF. It automatizes the stereoisomer enumeration and duplicate filtering process, 3D building process, fast geometry optimization and ranking process using ANI and AIMNet neural network atomistic potentials. Auto3D can be imported as a Python library, or be excuted from the terminal.
If you have an environment with the above dependencies, Auto3D can be installed by
pip install Auto3D
Otherwise, you can create an environment and install Auto3D. In a terminal, the following code will create a environment named auto3D with Auto3D and its minimum dependencies installed.
git clone https://github.com/isayevlab/Auto3D_pkg.git
cd Auto3D_pkg
conda env create --file installation.yml --name auto3D
conda activate auto3D
pip install Auto3D
By installing Auto3D with the above minimum dependencies, you can use Auto3D with RDKit and AIMNET as the isomer engine and optimization engine, respectively.
Two additional optimization engines are available: ANI-2x and ANI-2xt, which can be installed by (ANI-2xt will be incorporated into the TorchANI package soon):
conda activate auto3D
conda install -c conda-forge torchani
One additional isomer engine is availabel: OpenEye toolkit. It's a commercial software from OpenEye Software. It can be installed by
conda activate auto3D
conda install -c openeye openeye-toolkits
To calculate thermodynamical properties (such as Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, entropy, geometry optimization) with Auto3D, ASE needs to be installed:
conda activate auto3D
conda install -c conda-forge ase
An smi file that stores the molecules is needed as the input for the package. You can find an example input files in the examples/files folder. Basically, an smi file contains SMILES and their IDs. ID can contain anything like numbers or letters, but not "_", the underscore. You can import Auto3D as a library in any Python script, or run Auto3D through the commalnd line interface (CLI). They are equivalent in findig the low-energy 3D conformers.
The following script will excute Auto3D, and stores the 3D structures in a file with the name <input_file_name>_3d.sdf.
from Auto3D.auto3D import options, main
if __name__ == "__main__":
input_path = "example/files/smiles.smi"
args = options(input_path, k=1) #args specify the parameters for Auto3D
out = main(args) #main accepts the parameters and runs Auto3D
Alternatively, you can run Auto3D through CLI.
cd <replace with your path_folder_with_auto3D.py>
python auto3D.py "example/files/smiles.smi" --k=1
The parameter can be provided via a yaml file (for example parameters.yaml). So the above example is equivalent to
cd <replace with your path_folder_with_auto3D.py>
python auto3D.py parameters.yaml
The 3 examples will do the same thing: run Auto3D and keep 1 lowest-energy structure for each SMILES in the input file. It uses RDKit as the isomer engine and AIMNET as the optimizng engine by default. If you want to keep n structures for each SMILES, simply set k=n or --k=n. You can also keep structures that are within x kcal/mol from the lowest-energy structure for each SMILES if you replace k=1 with window=x.
When the running process finishes, there will be folder with the name of year-date-time. In the folder, you can find an SDF file containing the optimized low-energy 3D structures for the input SMILES. There is also a log file that records the input parameters and running meta data.
Auto3D provides some wrapper functions for single point energy calculation, geometry optimization and thermodynamic analysis. Please see the example folder for details.
For Auto3D, the Python package and CLI share the same set of parameters. Please note that -- is only required for CLI. For example, to use ANI2x as the optimizing engine, you need the following block if you are writing a custom Python script;
from Auto3D.auto3D import options, main
if __name__ == "__main__":
input_path = "example/files/smiles.smi"
args = options(input_path, k=1, optimizing_engine="ANI2x")
out = main(args)
You need the following block if you use the CLI.
cd <replace with your path_folder_with_Auto3D_pkg>
python auto3D.py "example/files/smiles.smi" --k=1 --optimizing_engine="ANI2x"
| State | Type | Name | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| required argument | path | a path of .smi file to store all SMILES and IDs |
|
| ranking | required argument | --k | Outputs the top-k structures for each SMILES. Only one of --k and --window need to be specified. |
| ranking | required argument | --window | Outputs the structures whose energies are within a window (kcal/mol) from the lowest energy. Only one of --k and --window need to be specified. |
| job segmentation | optioinal argument | --memory | The RAM size assigned to Auto3D (unit GB). By default None, and Auto3D can automatically detect the RAM size in the system. |
| job segmentation | optional argument | --capacity | By default, 40. This is the number of SMILES that each 1 GB of memory can handle. |
| isomer enumeration | optional argument | --enumerate_tautomer | By default, False. When True, enumerate tautomers for the input |
| isomer enumeration | optional argument | --tauto_engine | By default, rdkit. Programs to enumerate tautomers, either 'rdkit' or 'oechem'. This argument only works when --enumerate_tautomer=True |
| isomer enumeration | optional argument | --isomer_engine | By default, rdkit. The program for generating 3D conformers for each SMILES. This parameter is either rdkit or omega. RDKit is free for everyone, while Omega reuqires a license.)) |
| isomer enumeration | optional argument | --max_confs | Maximum number of conformers for each configuration of the SMILES. The default number depends on the isomer engine: up to 1000 conformers will be generated for each SMILES if isomer engine is omega; The number of conformers for each SMILES is the number of heavey atoms in the SMILES minus 1 if isomer engine is rdkit. |
| isomer enumeration | optional argument | --enumerate_isomer | By default, True. When True, unspecified cis/trans and r/s centers are enumerated |
| isomer enumeration | optional argument | --mode_oe | By default, classic. The mode that omega program will take. It can be either 'classic' or 'macrocycle'. Only works when --isomer_engine=omega |
| isomer enumeration | optional argument | --mpi_np | By default, 4. The number of CPU cores for the isomer generation step. |
| optimization | optional argument | --optimizing_engine | By default, AIMNET. Choose either 'ANI2x', 'ANI2xt', or 'AIMNET' for energy calculation and geometry optimization. |
| optimization | optional argument | --use_gpu | By deafult, True. If True, the program will use GPU |
| optimization | optional argument | --gpu_idx | By defalt, 0. It's the GPU index. It only works when --use_gpu=True |
| optimization | optional argument | --opt_steps | By deafult, 5000. Maximum optimization steps for each structure |
| optimization | optional argument | --convergence_threshold | By deafult, 0.003 eV/Å. Optimization is considered as converged if maximum force is below this threshold |
| optimization | optional argument | --patience | If the force does not decrease for a continuous patience steps, the conformer will drop out of the optimization loop. By default, patience=1000 |
| optimization | optional argument | --batchsize_atoms | The number of atoms in 1 optimization batch for 1GB, default=1024 |
| duplicate removing | optional argument | --threshold | By default, 0.3. If the RMSD between two conformers are within the threhold, they are considered as duplicates. One of them will be removed. Duplicate removing are excuted after conformer enumeration and geometry optimization |
| housekeeping | optional argument | --verbose | By default, False. When True, save all meta data while running |
| housekeeping | optional argument | --job_name | A folder that stores all the results. By default, the name is the current date and time |
Auto3D is published as a cover article at Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling: "Auto3D: Automatic Generation of the Low-Energy 3D Structures with ANI Neural Network Potentials". https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00817