Remove `no_dead_strip` marks #3117

Job	Run time
Check formatting	14s
Check MSRV	49s
Lint macOS x86_64	2m 31s
Lint iOS ARMv7s	2m 17s
Lint visionOS Aarch64 simulator	2m 19s
Lint GNUStep + exceptions	1m 24s
Lint header-translator	28s
Lint test-assembly	30s
Test macOS 15 Aarch64	1m 16s
Compiler UI	47s
Assembly tests	56s
Verify header translator output	49s
Check framework features	0s
${{ ((matrix.test && 'Test') \|\| 'Build') }} ${{ matrix.name }}	0s
Test Compiler-RT	19s
Test GNUStep with libobjc2 v1.9	1m 5s
Test on iOS simulator w. dinghy	0s
Test GNUStep with libobjc2 v2.0	1m 29s
Test GNUStep with libobjc2 v2.1 on nightly	1m 2s
Test GNUStep 32bit	1m 50s
	20m 5s

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