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Configuration bluetooth-sink por raspi4 headless
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Source: https://gist.github.com/mill1000/74c7473ee3b4a5b13f6325e9994ff84c | ||
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## About | ||
This gist will show how to setup Raspbian Stretch as a headless Bluetooth A2DP audio sink. This will allow your phone, laptop or other Bluetooth device to play audio wirelessly through a Rasperry Pi. | ||
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## Motivation | ||
A quick search will turn up a plethora of tutorials on setting up A2DP on the Raspberry Pi. However, I felt this gist was necessary because this solution is: | ||
* Automatic & Headless - Once setup, the system is entirely automatic. No user iteration is required to pair, connect or start playback. Therefore the Raspberry Pi can be run headless. | ||
* Simple - This solution has few dependencies, readily available packages and minimal configuration. | ||
* Up to date - As of December 2017. Written for Raspbian Stretch & Bluez 5.43 | ||
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## Prerequisites | ||
* Raspbian Stretch - I used the Lite version as this is a headless setup. See the [official guide](https://www.raspberrypi.org/learning/software-guide/quickstart/) if you need help. | ||
* [Bluez-alsa](https://github.com/Arkq/bluez-alsa) - Available in the Raspbian package repo. This software allows us to stream A2DP audio over Bluetooth without PulseAudio. | ||
* Raspberry Pi with Bluetooth - The Raspberry Pi 3 has integrated Bluetooth, however there is a [known bug](https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/issues/1402) when the WiFi is used simultaneously. Cheap USB Bluetooth dongles work equally well. | ||
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## Disabling Integrated Bluetooth | ||
If you are using a separate USB Bluetooth dongle, disable the integrated Bluetooth to prevent conflicts. | ||
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To disable the integrated Bluetooth add the following | ||
``` | ||
# Disable onboard Bluetooth | ||
dtoverlay=pi3-disable-bt | ||
``` | ||
to `/boot/config.txt` and execute the following command | ||
``` | ||
sudo systemctl disable hciuart.service | ||
``` | ||
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## Initial Setup | ||
First make sure the system is up to date using the following commands. | ||
``` | ||
sudo apt-get update | ||
sudo apt-get upgrade | ||
``` | ||
Then reboot the Pi to ensure the latest kernel is loaded. | ||
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Now install the required packages. | ||
``` | ||
sudo apt-get install bluealsa python-dbus | ||
``` | ||
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## Make Bluetooth Discoverable | ||
Normally a Bluetooth device is only discoverable for a limited amount of time. Since this is a headless setup we want the device to always be discoverable. | ||
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1. Set the DiscoverableTimeout in `/etc/bluetooth/main.conf` to 0 | ||
``` | ||
# How long to stay in discoverable mode before going back to non-discoverable | ||
# The value is in seconds. Default is 180, i.e. 3 minutes. | ||
# 0 = disable timer, i.e. stay discoverable forever | ||
DiscoverableTimeout = 0 | ||
``` | ||
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2. Enable discovery on the Bluetooth controller | ||
``` | ||
sudo bluetoothctl | ||
power on | ||
discoverable on | ||
exit | ||
``` | ||
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## Install The A2DP Bluetooth Agent | ||
A Bluetooth agent is a piece of software that handles pairing and authorization of Bluetooth devices. The following agent allows the Raspberry Pi to automatically pair and accept A2DP connections from Bluetooth devices. | ||
All other Bluetooth services are rejected. | ||
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Copy the included file **a2dp-agent** to `/usr/local/bin` and make the file executable with | ||
``` | ||
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/a2dp-agent | ||
``` | ||
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### Testing The Agent | ||
Before continuing, verify that the agent is functional. The Raspberry Pi should be discoverable, pairable and recognized as an audio device. | ||
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Note: At this point the device will not output any audio. This step is only to verify the Bluetooth is discoverable and bindable. | ||
1. Manually run the agent by executing | ||
``` | ||
sudo /usr/local/bin/a2dp-agent | ||
``` | ||
2. Attempt to pair and connect with the Raspberry Pi using your phone or computer. | ||
3. The agent should output the accepted and rejected Bluetooth UUIDs | ||
``` | ||
A2DP Agent Registered | ||
AuthorizeService (/org/bluez/hci0/dev_94_01_C2_47_01_AA, 0000111E-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB) | ||
Rejecting non-A2DP Service | ||
AuthorizeService (/org/bluez/hci0/dev_94_01_C2_47_01_AA, 0000110d-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb) | ||
Authorized A2DP Service | ||
AuthorizeService (/org/bluez/hci0/dev_94_01_C2_47_01_AA, 0000111E-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB) | ||
Rejecting non-A2DP Service | ||
``` | ||
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If the Raspberry Pi is not recognized as a audio device, ensure that the bluealsa package was installed as part of the [Initial Setup](#initial-setup) | ||
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## Install The A2DP Bluetooth Agent As A Service | ||
To make the A2DP Bluetooth Agent run on boot copy the included file **bt-agent-a2dp.service** to `/etc/systemd/system`. | ||
Now run the following command to enable the A2DP Agent service | ||
``` | ||
sudo systemctl enable bt-agent-a2dp.service | ||
``` | ||
Thanks to @matthijskooijman for fixing up some issues in the Bluetooth Agent service. | ||
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Bluetooth devices should now be able to discover, pair and connect to the Raspberry Pi without any user intervention. | ||
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## Testing Audio Playback | ||
Now that Bluetooth devices can pair and connect with the Raspberry Pi we can test the audio playback. | ||
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The tool `bluealsa-aplay` is used to forward audio from the Bluetooth device to the ALSA output device (sound card). | ||
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Execute the following command to accept A2DP audio from any connected Bluetooth device. | ||
``` | ||
bluealsa-aplay -vv 00:00:00:00:00:00 | ||
``` | ||
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Play a song on the Bluetooth device and the Raspberry Pi should output audio on either the headphone jack or the HDMI port. See [this guide](https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/audio-config.md) for configuring the audio output device of the Raspberry Pi. | ||
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### Install The Audio Playback As A Service | ||
To make the audio playback run on boot copy the included file **a2dp-playback.service** to `/etc/systemd/system`. | ||
Now run the following command to enable A2DP Playback service | ||
``` | ||
sudo systemctl enable a2dp-playback.service | ||
``` | ||
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Reboot and enjoy! | ||
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## Low Volume Output | ||
If you are experiencing low volume output, run `alsamixer` and increase the volume of the Pi's soundcard. |
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#!/usr/bin/python | ||
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from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals | ||
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import sys | ||
import dbus | ||
import dbus.service | ||
import dbus.mainloop.glib | ||
try: | ||
from gi.repository import GLib | ||
except ImportError: | ||
import gobject as GObject | ||
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AGENT_INTERFACE = "org.bluez.Agent1" | ||
AGENT_PATH = "/test/agent" | ||
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class Rejected(dbus.DBusException): | ||
_dbus_error_name = "org.bluez.Error.Rejected" | ||
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class Agent(dbus.service.Object): | ||
exit_on_release = True | ||
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def set_exit_on_release(self, exit_on_release): | ||
self.exit_on_release = exit_on_release | ||
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@dbus.service.method(AGENT_INTERFACE, | ||
in_signature="", out_signature="") | ||
def Release(self): | ||
print("Release") | ||
if self.exit_on_release: | ||
mainloop.quit() | ||
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@dbus.service.method(AGENT_INTERFACE, | ||
in_signature="os", out_signature="") | ||
def AuthorizeService(self, device, uuid): | ||
print("AuthorizeService (%s, %s)" % (device, uuid)) | ||
if uuid == "0000110d-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb": | ||
print("Authorized A2DP Service") | ||
return | ||
print("Rejecting non-A2DP Service") | ||
raise Rejected("Connection rejected") | ||
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@dbus.service.method(AGENT_INTERFACE, | ||
in_signature="o", out_signature="s") | ||
def RequestPinCode(self, device): | ||
print("RequestPinCode (%s)" % (device)) | ||
return "0000" | ||
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@dbus.service.method(AGENT_INTERFACE, | ||
in_signature="o", out_signature="u") | ||
def RequestPasskey(self, device): | ||
print("RequestPasskey (%s)" % (device)) | ||
return dbus.UInt32("password") | ||
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@dbus.service.method(AGENT_INTERFACE, | ||
in_signature="ouq", out_signature="") | ||
def DisplayPasskey(self, device, passkey, entered): | ||
print("DisplayPasskey (%s, %06u entered %u)" % | ||
(device, passkey, entered)) | ||
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@dbus.service.method(AGENT_INTERFACE, | ||
in_signature="os", out_signature="") | ||
def DisplayPinCode(self, device, pincode): | ||
print("DisplayPinCode (%s, %s)" % (device, pincode)) | ||
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@dbus.service.method(AGENT_INTERFACE, | ||
in_signature="ou", out_signature="") | ||
def RequestConfirmation(self, device, passkey): | ||
print("RequestConfirmation (%s, %06d)" % (device, passkey)) | ||
return | ||
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@dbus.service.method(AGENT_INTERFACE, | ||
in_signature="o", out_signature="") | ||
def RequestAuthorization(self, device): | ||
print("RequestAuthorization (%s)" % (device)) | ||
raise Rejected("Pairing rejected") | ||
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@dbus.service.method(AGENT_INTERFACE, | ||
in_signature="", out_signature="") | ||
def Cancel(self): | ||
print("Cancel") | ||
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if __name__ == '__main__': | ||
dbus.mainloop.glib.DBusGMainLoop(set_as_default=True) | ||
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bus = dbus.SystemBus() | ||
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agent = Agent(bus, AGENT_PATH) | ||
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obj = bus.get_object("org.bluez", "/org/bluez"); | ||
manager = dbus.Interface(obj, "org.bluez.AgentManager1") | ||
manager.RegisterAgent(AGENT_PATH, "NoInputNoOutput") | ||
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print("A2DP Agent Registered") | ||
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manager.RequestDefaultAgent(AGENT_PATH) | ||
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mainloop = GLib.MainLoop() | ||
mainloop.run() |
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[Unit] | ||
Description=A2DP Bluetooth Agent | ||
After=bluetooth.service | ||
Wants=bluetooth.service | ||
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[Service] | ||
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c "echo discoverable on | bluetoothctl" | ||
ExecStart=/usr/bin/a2dp-agent | ||
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[Install] | ||
WantedBy=bluetooth.service |