[ Hardware ] -- [ Setup ] -- [ Documentation ] -- [ Development ]
Fastest and cheapest way to get your own Lightning Node running - on a RaspberryPi with a nice LCD.
Latest Version with lnd 0.5 and bitcoin 0.17.0 & litecoin 0.16.3.
This tutorial is based on the RaspiBolt project - you can find in detail here: https://github.com/Stadicus/guides/blob/master/raspibolt The RaspiBlitz serves as a shortcut through this setup process with some changes and an additional LCD display so that you can quickly experiment with a Lightning node and start working on your LApps on a hacking event (or at home). This shortcut is fine for testnet usage and maybe trying some small things on mainnet. But if you choose to go full reckless afterwards … please consider taking the time and work thru the original RaspiBolt project. Don’t trust us, verify.
- [ Hardware ] Shopping Lists and Putting all together
- [ Setup ] Init and Setup your RaspiBlitz Lightning Node
- [ Documentation ] Features and Usecases
- [ Development ] Lets work together on the RaspiBlitz
The RaspiBlitz software is build and tested for the following Hardware set that you can buy cheap on Amazon.de:
- RaspBerry Pi 3 (34,99 EUR) https://www.amazon.de/dp/B07BDR5PDW
- Micro SD-Card 16GB (7,99 EUR) https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/B073K14CVB/
- Power >=3A (9,99 EUR) https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/B078567K85
- 1TB Hard Drive (44,98 EUR) https://www.amazon.de/dp/B07997KKSK?th=1
- Case (9,36 EUR) https://www.amazon.de/dp/B0173GQF8Y
- LCD-Display (16,88 EUR) https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/B06X191RX7
Total Price: 124,19 EUR (thats under 150 USD)
Amazon shopping lists for different countries: [ USA ] [ UK ] [ France ] [ China ] [ Australia ] [ Czech ]
You can even pay your RaspiBlitz Amazon Shopping with Bitcoin & Lightning thru Bitrefill.
The shopping list for China refers to Taobao/T-Mall.
You can replace the generic case in the shopping lists above with a customized 3D printed for the RaspiBlitz called "Lightning Shell" - great work by @CryptoCloaks
https://thecryptocloak.com/product/lightningshell/
Some optional goodies to consider to add to your shopping list for your RaspiBlitz (Amazon DE/US):
- SD-Card Writer https://www.amazon.de/dp/B01JWFZWUQ / http://a.co/6e03D7Z
- LAN Cable https://www.amazon.de/dp/B004SUEIE2 /http://a.co/g2IJd6i
- USB-LAN-Adapter https://www.amazon.de/dp/B00NPJV4YY / http://a.co/ccb26nF
- Transport Case https://www.amazon.de/dp/B007Y4NWSW / http://a.co/0c6wyM2
- Y-Cable https://www.amazon.de/dp/B00ZJBIHVY / http://a.co/0WTA7nz
If you organizing an educational event where you want to support people learning on and with multiple RaspiBlitz, here is a package list of useful hardware to have at that event: [ Event Package List ]
There are two ways to start:
If you are at an event, ask for a ready-2-go set or if you have your own hardware ask for assistance to prepare your SD-Card and HDD. Then you are all set and and you can proceed with "Setup your RaspiBlitz".
You got all the hardware of the shopping list above and you have no further assistance. Then you need to prepare your SD-Card yourself .. this scenario is still experimental, feedback needed and can take some time.
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Download SD-Card image: https://wiki.fulmo.org/downloads/raspiblitz-2018-10-20.img.gz (or build your own)
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Write the SD-Card image to your SD Card - if you need details, see here: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/installation/installing-images/README.md
Connect all hardware like on photo and boot it up by connecting the power.
- Make sure to connect the raspberry with a LAN cable to the internet at this point.
- Make sure that your laptop and the raspberry are on the same local network.
- On Mac OS X you can also consider to connect the raspberry directly with your laptop and share your WLAN internet connection over ethernet (thats a nice mobile setup): https://mycyberuniverse.com/mac-os/connect-to-raspberry-pi-from-a-mac-using-ethernet.html
When everything boots up correctly, you should see the local IP address of your RaspiBlitz on the LCD panel.
So open up a terminal and connect thru SSH with the command displayed by the RaspiBlitz:
ssh admin@[YOURIP] → use password: raspiblitz
Now follow the dialoge in your terminal. This can take some time (prepare some coffee) - but in the end you should have a running Lightning node on your RaspberryPi that you can start to learn and hack on.
The goal is, that all information needed is provided from the interaction with the RaspiBlitz itself during the setup. Documentation in this chapter is for background, comments for educators and help in special edge cases.
Automatically after login per SSH as admin to the RaspiBlitz, the user can choose if the RaspiBlitz should combine Bitcoin or Litecoin with Lightning:
Setting Up the Raspi is the only option at this point, so we go with OK.
Background: This menu is displayed by the script 00mainMenu.sh and started automatically on every login of the admin user by admins .bashrc. If you want to get to the normal terminal prompt after login, just use CTRL-c. If you press OK in the dialog the script 10setupBlitz.sh gets started
First thing to setup is giving your RaspiBlitz an name:
This name is given to the RaspiBlitz as hostname in the local network and later on also for the alias of the lightning node.
Background: This and the following setup dialogues are part of the script 20initDialog.sh. The idea is to request much as needed setup information from the user at the start in this dialogs, so after that the setup can just run without many breaks.
Then the user gets requested to write down 4 passwords:
Background: The password A,B,C & D idea is directly based in the RaspiBolt Guide Preperations
Then the user is asked to enter the Password A:
On the next SSH login to the RaspiBlitz as admin, this new password has to be used. Its also set for the user existing user: root, bitcoin & pi. But only admin can be used to login per SSH.
Background: The bitcoin and lightning processes will run in the background (as daemon) and use the separate user “bitcoin” for security reasons. This user does not have admin rights and cannot change the system configuration.
Then the user is asked to enter the Password B:
Background: The other passwords C & D get entered by the lightning wallet setup. This can just happen later ... so they will not get requested at this point.
After this the setup process needs some time and the user will see a lot of console outputs:
Background: After the user interaction the following scripts are started to automatically setup the RaspiBlitz:
- 30initHDD.sh - it checks if the HDD needs to be formatted with Ext4
- 40addHDD.sh - adds the HDD for permanent mounting on /mnt/hdd
- 10setupBlitz.sh - now takes care that the HDD contains the blockchain
The following screen is just shown, if the HDD was not prepared with a copy of the Bitcoin blockchain (as part of a ready-2-go set). The following options are offered to get a copy:
The option "SYNC" should just be use as a fallback. So normally you have the following two options:
This is the recommended way for users that are making the setup at home without any further assistance but can take quite some time. You can choose to download over TORRENT or FTP-DOWNLOAD. Choose the FTP if the torrent is not working for you.
For more details: Background on Download Blockchain
To copy the blockchain from another HDD can be faster - if available. If you choose this option the, the console requests you to connect the second HDD and will autmatically detect it:
You can simply use the HDD of another RaspiBlitz or you prepare a HDD yourself by:
- format second HDD with exFAT (availbale on Windows and Mac)
- copy an indexed Blockchain into the root folder "bitcoin"
- when youre HDD is ready the content of your folder bitcoin should look like this:
To connect the 2nd HDD to the RaspiBlitz, the use of a Y cable to provide extra power is recommended (see optional shopping list). Because the RaspiBlitz cannot run 2 HDDs without extra power. For extra power you can use a battery pack, like in this picture:
*Background: If the blockchain was already on the HDD or was acquired successfully, the script 60finishHDD.sh will be called. It will further prepare the HDD and start the bitcoin service.
Before the lighting service can be started the Bitcoin service needs to make sure that the blockchain is up to date. The downloaded blockchain data could be several weeks old - this could take some minutes. Then the Lightning Service gets started and a wallet can be created:
The creation of the Lightning Bitcoin Wallet gets done with the command: lncli create the RaspiBlitz is calling in the background.
After the wallet was created the Lightning service needs to scan the Blockchain ... this can take some time. If needed the user can close the SSH session with the RaspiBlitz during that time (progress is displayed on the LCD as status). On SSH back in just continue with the setup process.
Background: Blockchain synup, LND wallet creation and LND scanning is all done within the script 70initLND.sh
Now the setup process is almost done and the RaspiBlitz needs a reboot:
After reboot the RaspiBlitz is showing that the Wallet needs to be unlocked on the LCD and its ready to SSH back in:
Background: The LND wallet needs to get unlocked on every new start of the RaspiBlitz. The status information loop on the LCD is done by the script '00infoBlitz.sh'
After SSH back in as admin the main menu shows the unlock option:
Once the wallet is unlocked the setup is finally over and the main menu shows the option and features of the RaspiBlitz:
And if you scroll down .. you see even more feature options:
Background: The script 00mainMenu.sh is now the place to offer further features und extend the possibilities of the RaspiBlitz. Feel free to come up with ideas. Check out the developer section at the end of this page.
But you manually extened your RaspiBlitz with features listed in the RaspiBolt Guide: https://github.com/Stadicus/guides/blob/master/raspibolt/raspibolt_60_bonus.md
Already integrated features of the RaspiBlitz are/will be listed as part of the main menu after connecting via ssh as admin user.
Background: The script 91addBonus.sh is the place to put your setup of features you want to add to RaspiBlitz. Its run at the end of the automated setup process before final reboot. To make the feature executable for the user, add a new option to the 00mainMenu.sh
You can use the Switch to TOR option from the main menu to make the node reachable thru TOR. This way you can get thru a NAT without needed to open/forward ports on your router. Bitcoin and LND will have a seperate onion-address displayed on LCD and the Status Info Screen option in menu.
The TOR integration is experimental and at the moment there is no way to switch off TOR again.
There is now the option to connect and control your LND node with the mobile app called "Shango" - choose option in the main menu.
BTCPay Server is a solution to be your own payment processor to accept Lightning Payments for your online store: https://github.com/btcpayserver/btcpayserver
You can find setup instructions here: https://goo.gl/KnTzLu
Thanks to @RobEdb (ask on twitter for more details) running his demo store with RaspiBlitz: https://store.edberg.eu - buy a picture of him and Andreas :)
A ready to use SD card image of the RaspiBlitz for your RaspberryPi is provided as download by us to get everbody started quickly. But if you want to build that image yourself - here is a quick guide:
- Get a fresh Rasbian RASPBIAN STRETCH WITH DESKTOP card image: DOWNLOAD
- Write image to a SD card: TUTORIAL
- Add a file called
sshto the root of the SD card when mounted to enable SSH login - Start card in Raspi and login per SSH with
ssh pi@[IP-OF-YOUR-RASPI]password israspberry
Now you are ready to start the SD card build script - copy the following command into your terminal and execute:
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz/master/build.sdcard/raspbianStretchDesktop.sh && sudo bash raspbianStretchDesktop.sh
As you can see from the URL you find the build script in this Git repo under build.sdcard/raspbianStretchDesktop.sh- there you can check what gets installed and configured in detail. Feel free to post improvements as pull requests.
The whole build process takes a while. And the end the LCD drives get installed and a reboot is needed. Remember the default password is now raspiblitz. You can login per SSH again - this time use root: ssh root@[IP-OF-YOUR-RASPI] and simply shutdown with sudo shutdown now. Once you see the LCD going white and the actovity LED of the pi starts going dark. You can unplug power and remove the SD card. You have now build your own RaspiBlitz sd card image.
Note: If you plan to use your self build sd card as a MASTER copy to backup image and distribute it. Use a smaller 8GB card for that. This way its ensured that it will fit on every 16 GB card recommended for RaspiBlitz later on.
At the beginning of this README you can find the newest SD card we provide. Or you can build the newest SD card image yourself like in the chapter above. The SD card image is used to setup a fresh install of the RaspiBlitz. So what to do if you already have an older version running and you want to upgrade?
Until we reach version 1.0 the update process will be a bit rough .. so what you do is:
- close all open lightning channels you have (
lncli closeallchannels --force) - wait until all closing transactions are done
- move all on-chain funds to a wallet outside raspiblitz (
lncli --conf_target 3 sendcoins [ADDRESS]) - run the script
./XXcleanHDD.shin admin home directory (Blockchain will stay on HDD) - shutdown RaspiBlitz (
sudo shutdown now) - flash SD card with new image
- Redo a fresh setup of RaspiBlitz
- Move your funds back in
- Re-Open your channels
We know that this is not optimal yet. But until version 1.0 we will change too much stuff to garantue any other save update mechanism. Also by redoing all the setup you help out on testing the lastest setup process.
From the upcomming version 1.0 onwards the goal is to make it easier to keep up with the lastest RaspiBlitz updates.
To connect a RaspiBlitz directly (without a router/switch) to your laptop and share the WIFI internet connection, you can follow this guide for OSX. In short:
- connect with LAN directly
- Settings > Sharing/Freigaben > activate "internet sharing" from WLAN to Ethernet
- Settings > Network > Ethernet-Adapter > set to DHCP
- in terminal >
ifconfigthere you should the the IP of the bridge100 - in terminal >
arp -aand check for an IP of a client to the bridge - in terminal > ssh admin@[clientIP]
The RaspiBlitz was developed on the basis of the RaspiBolt Guide to run LND on a RaspberryPi: https://github.com/Stadicus/guides/blob/master/raspibolt - the idea was to prepare as much as possible and have it on a SD-card ready to startup quickly. The configuration should be automated by scripts combined with some very basic user interaction thru the terminal for adminstration. The LCD should provide basic information, so that the health and state of the RaspiBlitz could be monitored with ease. The LCD has also basic touch support and could be used for direct and fast daily interactions.
The goal of the RaspiBlitz is to provide a out-of-the-box hardware lightning node to learn the basics of being part of the decentralized network and to quickly start building your own applications based on lightning (LApps) - at home or at educational/hacking events. With the well known GPIO-Pins of the RaspberryPi, low-cost entry point and its rich hardware extension ecosystem it seems like the perfect device to foster the communities creativity. Lets keep crypto weird.
Everybody is welcome to join, improve and extend the RaspiBlitz - its a work in progress. Check the issues if you wanna help out or add new ideas. You find the scripts used for RaspiBlitz interactions on the device at /home/admin or in this git repo in the subfolder home.admin. More to come.
Join me on twitter @rootzoll, visit us at a #lightninghackday in Berlin or drop by the Bitcoin Assembly at the #35C3.
IRC channel on Freenode irc://irc.freenode.net/raspiblitz (unmoderated)