python/ci: adjust CI testing for python 3.8 and 3.13 #1166

Job	Run time
Check Python types	2m 58s
Lint	1m 45s
Test Positron IPyKernel (macos-latest, 3.9)	1m 31s
Test Positron IPyKernel (windows-latest, 3.10)	1m 21s
Test Minimum Positron IPyKernel Dependencies (ubuntu-latest, 3.8)	3m 37s
Python Tests (ubuntu-latest, 3.8)	1m 44s
Test Positron IPyKernel (ubuntu-latest, 3.11)	1m 35s
Python Tests (ubuntu-latest, 3.13)	1m 47s
Test Positron IPyKernel (ubuntu-latest, 3.12)	1m 34s
Test Positron IPyKernel (ubuntu-latest, 3.13)	1m 21s
Test TypeScript (ubuntu-latest, 3.x, ts-unit)	2m 56s
Test TypeScript (ubuntu-latest, 3.x, functional)	1m 53s
Test TypeScript (macos-latest, 3.x, ts-unit)	2m 50s
Test TypeScript (macos-latest, 3.x, venv)	3m 10s
Test TypeScript (macos-latest, 3.x, single-workspace)	3m 9s
Test TypeScript (macos-latest, 3.x, debugger)	2m 37s
Test TypeScript (macos-latest, 3.x, functional)	1m 33s
Test TypeScript (macos-latest, 3.x, smoke)	5m 51s
Test TypeScript (windows-latest, 3.x, ts-unit)	6m 11s
Test TypeScript (windows-latest, 3.x, functional)	5m 33s
	54m 56s

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