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include README.rst | ||
include README.md | ||
include LICENSE | ||
include setup.py | ||
include setup.cfg | ||
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[![PyPI version](https://badge.fury.io/py/pytest-describe.svg)](https://pypi.org/project/pytest-describe/) | ||
[![Workflow status](https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-describe/actions/workflows/main.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-describe/actions) | ||
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# Describe-style plugin for pytest | ||
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**pytest-describe** is a plugin for [pytest](https://docs.pytest.org/) | ||
that allows tests to be written in arbitrary nested describe-blocks, | ||
similar to RSpec (Ruby) and Jasmine (JavaScript). | ||
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The main inspiration for this was | ||
a [video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JJle8L8FRy0>) by Gary Bernhardt. | ||
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## Installation | ||
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You guessed it: | ||
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```sh | ||
pip install pytest-describe | ||
``` | ||
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## Usage | ||
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Pytest will automatically find the plugin and use it when you run pytest. | ||
Running pytest will show that the plugin is loaded: | ||
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```sh | ||
$ pytest | ||
... | ||
plugins: describe-2.2.0 | ||
... | ||
``` | ||
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Tests can now be written in describe-blocks. | ||
Here is an example for testing a Wallet class: | ||
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```python | ||
import pytest | ||
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class Wallet: | ||
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def __init__(self, initial_amount=0): | ||
self.balance = initial_amount | ||
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def spend_cash(self, amount): | ||
if self.balance < amount: | ||
raise ValueError(f'Not enough available to spend {amount}') | ||
self.balance -= amount | ||
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def add_cash(self, amount): | ||
self.balance += amount | ||
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def describe_wallet(): | ||
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def describe_start_empty(): | ||
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@pytest.fixture | ||
def wallet(): | ||
return Wallet() | ||
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def initial_amount(wallet): | ||
assert wallet.balance == 0 | ||
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def add_cash(wallet): | ||
wallet.add_cash(80) | ||
assert wallet.balance == 80 | ||
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def spend_cash(wallet): | ||
with pytest.raises(ValueError): | ||
wallet.spend_cash(10) | ||
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def describe_with_starting_balance(): | ||
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@pytest.fixture | ||
def wallet(): | ||
return Wallet(20) | ||
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def initial_amount(wallet): | ||
assert wallet.balance == 20 | ||
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def describe_adding(): | ||
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def add_little_cash(wallet): | ||
wallet.add_cash(5) | ||
assert wallet.balance == 25 | ||
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def add_much_cash(wallet): | ||
wallet.add_cash(980) | ||
assert wallet.balance == 1000 | ||
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def describe_spending(): | ||
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def spend_cash(wallet): | ||
wallet.spend_cash(15) | ||
assert wallet.balance == 5 | ||
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def spend_too_much_cash(wallet): | ||
with pytest.raises(ValueError): | ||
wallet.spend_cash(25) | ||
``` | ||
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The default prefix for describe-blocks is `describe_`, but you can configure it | ||
in the pytest/python configuration file via `describe_prefixes` or | ||
via the command line option `--describe-prefixes`. | ||
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For example in your `pyproject.toml`: | ||
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```toml | ||
[tool.pytest.ini_options] | ||
describe_prefixes = ["custom_prefix_"] | ||
``` | ||
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Functions prefixed with `_` in the describe-block are not collected as tests. | ||
This can be used to group helper functions. Otherwise, functions inside the | ||
describe-blocks need not follow any special naming convention. | ||
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```python | ||
def describe_function(): | ||
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def _helper(): | ||
return "something" | ||
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def it_does_something(): | ||
value = _helper() | ||
... | ||
``` | ||
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## Why bother? | ||
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I've found that quite often my tests have one "dimension" more than my production | ||
code. The production code is organized into packages, modules, classes | ||
(sometimes), and functions. I like to organize my tests in the same way, but | ||
tests also have different *cases* for each function. This tends to end up with | ||
a set of tests for each module (or class), where each test has to name both a | ||
function and a *case*. For instance: | ||
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```python | ||
def test_my_function_with_default_arguments(): | ||
def test_my_function_with_some_other_arguments(): | ||
def test_my_function_throws_exception(): | ||
def test_my_function_handles_exception(): | ||
def test_some_other_function_returns_true(): | ||
def test_some_other_function_returns_false(): | ||
``` | ||
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It's much nicer to do this: | ||
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```python | ||
def describe_my_function(): | ||
def with_default_arguments(): | ||
def with_some_other_arguments(): | ||
def it_throws_exception(): | ||
def it_handles_exception(): | ||
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def describe_some_other_function(): | ||
def it_returns_true(): | ||
def it_returns_false(): | ||
``` | ||
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It has the additional advantage that you can have marks and fixtures that apply | ||
locally to each group of test function. | ||
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With pytest, it's possible to organize tests in a similar way with classes. | ||
However, I think classes are awkward. I don't think the convention of using | ||
camel-case names for classes fit very well when testing functions in different | ||
cases. In addition, every test function must take a "self" argument that is | ||
never used. | ||
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The pytest-describe plugin allows organizing your tests in the nicer way shown | ||
above using describe-blocks. | ||
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## Shared Behaviors | ||
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If you've used rspec's shared examples or test class inheritance, then you may | ||
be familiar with the benefit of having the same tests apply to | ||
multiple "subjects" or "suts" (system under test). | ||
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```python | ||
from pytest import fixture | ||
from pytest_describe import behaves_like | ||
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def a_duck(): | ||
def it_quacks(sound): | ||
assert sound == "quack" | ||
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@behaves_like(a_duck) | ||
def describe_something_that_quacks(): | ||
@fixture | ||
def sound(): | ||
return "quack" | ||
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# the it_quacks test in this describe will pass | ||
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@behaves_like(a_duck) | ||
def describe_something_that_barks(): | ||
@fixture | ||
def sound(): | ||
return "bark" | ||
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# the it_quacks test in this describe will fail (as expected) | ||
``` | ||
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Fixtures defined in the block that includes the shared behavior take precedence | ||
over fixtures defined in the shared behavior. This rule only applies to | ||
fixtures, not to other functions (nested describe blocks and tests). Instead, | ||
they are all collected as separate tests. |
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__all__ = ['behaves_like'] | ||
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__version__ = '2.1.0' | ||
__version__ = '2.2.0' |
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