[docs] updated readme and fix links

[nickfrosty]

Problem

With the recent docs migration (#34096), the docs/readme does not give details on where to contribute or view the new docs. There are also several mentions of the old docs website urls throughout this monorepo

Summary of Changes

• added details to the docs/readme on where to find the "common solana docs"
• updated the links to the RPC docs throughout the rust code base
• fixed several links

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: 1 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (09a94b8) 81.8% compared to head (27ab57d) 81.8%.

❗ Current head 27ab57d differs from pull request most recent head accded7. Consider uploading reports for the commit accded7 to get more accurate results

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##           master   #34565    +/-   ##
========================================
  Coverage    81.8%    81.8%            
========================================
  Files         824      822     -2     
  Lines      222260   221578   -682     
========================================
- Hits       181893   181370   -523     
+ Misses      40367    40208   -159     

[willhickey]

[mergify]

automerge label removed due to a CI failure