Only use --strip-uneeded on .so files

Dockerfile

@@ -462,17 +462,22 @@ RUN find "${OUT}/bin" -name '*.lib' -exec install -Dt ../lib/ -m a-rwx,u+rw,g+r,
 RUN find "$OUT/lib" -name '*.lib' -exec `
 	sh -euxc 'for _file in "$@"; do cp "$_file" "$(dirname "$_file")/lib$(basename "$_file" .lib).dll.a"; done' sh {} +
 
-# Strip debug symbols and ensure any .so, .dll, .dylib has the execution flag set
-# Strip must run before patchelf
-# https://github.com/NixOS/patchelf/issues/507
-RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache `
-	echo 'strip --strip-unneeded "$@" && chmod +x "$@"' >/srv/stage.sh `
-	&& find "$OUT" -type f \( -name '*.so' -o -name '*.so.*' -o -name '*.dll' -o -name '*.dylib' \) -exec /srv/build.sh {} +
+# Ensure .so, .dll and .dylib have the execution bit set
+RUN find "$OUT" -type f \( -name '*.so' -o -name '*.so.*' -o -name '*.dll' -o -name '*.dylib' \) -exec chmod +x {} +
+
+# Strip uneeded symbols from .so (Linux target only)
+# Strip must run before patchelf: https://github.com/NixOS/patchelf/issues/507
+RUN . /etc/environment `
+	&& find "$OUT" -type f \( -name '*.so' -o -name '*.so.*' \) -exec strip --strip-unneeded {} +
 
 # Ensure all .so files have the correct rpaths (Linux target only)
 RUN find "$OUT" -type f \( -name '*.so' -o -name '*.so.*' \) -exec patchelf --set-rpath '$ORIGIN' {} \;
 
-# Remove non executable files from bin folder
+# Strip debug symbols from .dll and .dylib (macOS and Windows targets)
+RUN . /etc/environment `
+	&& find "$OUT" -type f \( -name '*.dll' -o -name '*.dylib' \) -exec strip -S {} +
+
+# Remove non executable files from the bin folder
 RUN find "${OUT}/bin" -type f -not -executable -delete
 
 # Remove empty directories