chillerlan/php-qrcode

A PHP 7.4+ QR Code library based on the implementation by Kazuhiko Arase, namespaced, cleaned up, improved and other stuff.

Documentation

A documentation created with phpDocumentor can be found at https://chillerlan.github.io/php-qrcode/ (WIP).

Requirements

• PHP 7.4+
  • ext-mbstring
  • optional:
    • ext-json, ext-gd
    • ext-imagick with ImageMagick installed
    • setasign/fpdf for the PDF output module

Installation

requires composer

via terminal: composer require chillerlan/php-qrcode

composer.json (note: replace dev-main with a version constraint, e.g. ^3.2 - see releases for valid versions)

{
	"require": {
		"php": "^7.4",
		"chillerlan/php-qrcode": "dev-main"
	}
}

For PHP version ...

• 7.4+ use ^4.1
• 7.2+ use ^3.3
• 7.0+ use ^2.0
• 5.6+ use 1.0.9 (please let PHP 5 die!)

Usage

We want to encode this URI for a mobile authenticator into a QRcode image:

$data = 'otpauth://totp/test?secret=B3JX4VCVJDVNXNZ5&issuer=chillerlan.net';

//quick and simple:
echo '<img src="'.(new QRCode)->render($data).'" alt="QR Code" />';

Wait, what was that? Please again, slower!

Advanced usage

Ok, step by step. First you'll need a QRCode instance, which can be optionally invoked with a QROptions (or a SettingsContainerInterface, respectively) object as the only parameter.

$options = new QROptions([
	'version'    => 5,
	'outputType' => QRCode::OUTPUT_MARKUP_SVG,
	'eccLevel'   => QRCode::ECC_L,
]);

// invoke a fresh QRCode instance
$qrcode = new QRCode($options);

// and dump the output
$qrcode->render($data);

// ...with additional cache file
$qrcode->render($data, '/path/to/file.svg');

In case you just want the raw QR code matrix, call QRCode::getMatrix() - this method is also called internally from QRCode::render(). See also Custom output modules.

$matrix = $qrcode->getMatrix($data);

foreach($matrix->matrix() as $y => $row){
	foreach($row as $x => $module){

		// get a module's value
		$value = $module;

		// or via the matrix's getter method
		$value = $matrix->get($x, $y);

		// boolean check a module
		if($matrix->check($x, $y)){ // if($module >> 8 > 0)
			// do stuff, the module is dark
		}
		else{
			// do other stuff, the module is light
		}

	}
}

Have a look in this folder for some more usage examples.

Custom module values

You can distinguish between different parts of the matrix, namely the several required patterns from the QR Code specification, and use them in different ways. The dark value is the module value (light) shifted by 8 bits to the left: $value = $M_TYPE << ($bool ? 8 : 0);, where $M_TYPE is one of the QRMatrix::M_* constants. You can check the value for a type explicitly like...

// for true (dark)
($value >> 8) === $M_TYPE;

// for false (light)
$value === $M_TYPE;

...or you can perform a loose check, ignoring the module value

// for true
($value >> 8) > 0;

// for false
($value >> 8) === 0;

See also QRMatrix::set(), QRMatrix::check() and QRMatrix constants.

To map the values and properly render the modules for the given QROutputInterface, it's necessary to overwrite the default values:

$options = new QROptions;

// for HTML, SVG and ImageMagick
$options->moduleValues = [
	// finder
	1536 => '#A71111', // dark (true)
	6    => '#FFBFBF', // light (false)
	// alignment
	2560 => '#A70364',
	10   => '#FFC9C9',
	// timing
	3072 => '#98005D',
	12   => '#FFB8E9',
	// format
	3584 => '#003804',
	14   => '#00FB12',
	// version
	4096 => '#650098',
	16   => '#E0B8FF',
	// data
	1024 => '#4A6000',
	4    => '#ECF9BE',
	// darkmodule
	512  => '#080063',
	// separator
	8    => '#AFBFBF',
	// quietzone
	18   => '#FFFFFF',
];

// for the image output types
$options->moduleValues = [
	512  => [0, 0, 0],
	// ...
];

// for string/text output
$options->moduleValues = [
	512  => '#',
	// ...
];

Custom QROutputInterface

Instead of bloating your code you can simply create your own output interface by extending QROutputAbstract. Have a look at the built-in output modules.

class MyCustomOutput extends QROutputAbstract{

	// inherited from QROutputAbstract
	protected QRMatrix $matrix;   // QRMatrix
	protected int $moduleCount;   // modules QRMatrix::size()
	protected QROptions $options; // MyCustomOptions or QROptions
	protected int $scale;         // scale factor from options
	protected int $length;        // length of the matrix ($moduleCount * $scale)

	// ...check/set default module values (abstract method, called by the constructor)
	protected function setModuleValues():void{
		// $this->moduleValues = ...
	}

	// QROutputInterface::dump()
	public function dump(string $file = null):string{
		$output = '';

		for($row = 0; $row < $this->moduleCount; $row++){
			for($col = 0; $col < $this->moduleCount; $col++){
				$output .= (int)$this->matrix->check($col, $row);
			}
		}

		return $output;
	}

}

In case you need additional settings for your output module, just extend QROptions...

class MyCustomOptions extends QROptions{
	protected string $myParam = 'defaultValue';

	// ...
}

...or use the SettingsContainerInterface, which is the more flexible approach.

trait MyCustomOptionsTrait{
	protected string $myParam = 'defaultValue';

	// ...
}

set the options:

$myOptions = [
	'version'         => 5,
	'eccLevel'        => QRCode::ECC_L,
	'outputType'      => QRCode::OUTPUT_CUSTOM,
	'outputInterface' => MyCustomOutput::class,
	// your custom settings
	'myParam'         => 'whatever value',
 ];

// extends QROptions
$myCustomOptions = new MyCustomOptions($myOptions);

// using the SettingsContainerInterface
$myCustomOptions = new class($myOptions) extends SettingsContainerAbstract{
	use QROptionsTrait, MyCustomOptionsTrait;
};

You can then call QRCode with the custom modules...

(new QRCode($myCustomOptions))->render($data);

...or invoke the QROutputInterface manually.

$qrOutputInterface = new MyCustomOutput($myCustomOptions, (new QRCode($myCustomOptions))->getMatrix($data));

//dump the output, which is equivalent to QRCode::render()
$qrOutputInterface->dump();

API

QRCode methods

method	return	description
__construct(QROptions $options = null)	-	see SettingsContainerInterface
render(string $data, string $file = null)	mixed, QROutputInterface::dump()	renders a QR Code for the given $data and QROptions, saves $file optional
getMatrix(string $data)	QRMatrix	returns a QRMatrix object for the given $data and current QROptions
initDataInterface(string $data)	QRDataInterface	returns a fresh QRDataInterface for the given $data
isNumber(string $string)	bool	checks if a string qualifies for Number
isAlphaNum(string $string)	bool	checks if a string qualifies for AlphaNum
isKanji(string $string)	bool	checks if a string qualifies for Kanji
isByte(string $string)	bool	checks if a string is non-empty

QRCode constants

name	description
VERSION_AUTO	QROptions::$version
MASK_PATTERN_AUTO	QROptions::$maskPattern
OUTPUT_MARKUP_SVG, OUTPUT_MARKUP_HTML	QROptions::$outputType markup
OUTPUT_IMAGE_PNG, OUTPUT_IMAGE_JPG, OUTPUT_IMAGE_GIF	QROptions::$outputType image
OUTPUT_STRING_JSON, OUTPUT_STRING_TEXT	QROptions::$outputType string
OUTPUT_IMAGICK	QROptions::$outputType ImageMagick
OUTPUT_FPDF	QROptions::$outputType PDF, using FPDF
OUTPUT_CUSTOM	QROptions::$outputType, requires QROptions::$outputInterface
ECC_L, ECC_M, ECC_Q, ECC_H,	ECC-Level: 7%, 15%, 25%, 30% in QROptions::$eccLevel
DATA_NUMBER, DATA_ALPHANUM, DATA_BYTE, DATA_KANJI	QRDataInterface::$datamode

QROptions properties

property	type	default	allowed	description
$version	int	QRCode::VERSION_AUTO	1...40	the QR Code version number
$versionMin	int	1	1...40	Minimum QR version (if $version = QRCode::VERSION_AUTO)
$versionMax	int	40	1...40	Maximum QR version (if $version = QRCode::VERSION_AUTO)
$eccLevel	int	QRCode::ECC_L	QRCode::ECC_X	Error correct level, where X = L (7%), M (15%), Q (25%), H (30%)
$maskPattern	int	QRCode::MASK_PATTERN_AUTO	0...7	Mask Pattern to use
$addQuietzone	bool	true	-	Add a "quiet zone" (margin) according to the QR code spec
$quietzoneSize	int	4	clamped to 0 ... $matrixSize / 2	Size of the quiet zone
$dataModeOverride	string	null	Number, AlphaNum, Kanji, Byte	allows overriding the data type detection
$outputType	string	QRCode::OUTPUT_IMAGE_PNG	QRCode::OUTPUT_*	built-in output type
$outputInterface	string	null	*	FQCN of the custom QROutputInterface if QROptions::$outputType is set to QRCode::OUTPUT_CUSTOM
$cachefile	string	null	*	optional cache file path
$eol	string	PHP_EOL	*	newline string (HTML, SVG, TEXT)
$scale	int	5	*	size of a QR code pixel (SVG, IMAGE_*), HTML -> via CSS
$cssClass	string	null	*	a common css class
$svgOpacity	float	1.0	0...1
$svgDefs	string	*	*	anything between <defs>
$svgViewBoxSize	int	null	*	a positive integer which defines width/height of the viewBox attribute
$textDark	string	'🔴'	*	string substitute for dark
$textLight	string	'⭕'	*	string substitute for light
$markupDark	string	'#000'	*	markup substitute for dark (CSS value)
$markupLight	string	'#fff'	*	markup substitute for light (CSS value)
$imageBase64	bool	true	-	whether to return the image data as base64 or raw like from file_get_contents()
$imageTransparent	bool	true	-	toggle transparency (no jpeg support)
$imageTransparencyBG	array	[255, 255, 255]	[R, G, B]	the RGB values for the transparent color, see imagecolortransparent()
$pngCompression	int	-1	-1 ... 9	imagepng() compression level, -1 = auto
$jpegQuality	int	85	0 - 100	imagejpeg() quality
$imagickFormat	string	'png'	*	ImageMagick output type, see Imagick::setType()
$imagickBG	string	null	*	ImageMagick background color, see ImagickPixel::__construct()
$moduleValues	array	null	*	Module values map, see Custom output modules and QROutputInterface::DEFAULT_MODULE_VALUES

QRMatrix methods

method	return	description
__construct(int $version, int $eclevel)	-	-
init(int $maskPattern, bool $test = null)	QRMatrix
matrix()	array	the internal matrix representation as a 2 dimensional array
version()	int	the current QR Code version
eccLevel()	int	current ECC level
maskPattern()	int	the used mask pattern
size()	int	the absoulute size of the matrix, including quiet zone (if set). $version * 4 + 17 + 2 * $quietzone
get(int $x, int $y)	int	returns the value of the module
set(int $x, int $y, bool $value, int $M_TYPE)	QRMatrix	sets the $M_TYPE value for the module
check(int $x, int $y)	bool	checks whether a module is true (dark) or false (light)

QRMatrix constants

name	light (false)	dark (true)	description
M_NULL	0	-	module not set (should never appear. if so, there's an error)
M_DARKMODULE	-	512	once per matrix at $xy = [8, 4 * $version + 9]
M_DATA	4	1024	the actual encoded data
M_FINDER	6	1536	the 7x7 finder patterns
M_SEPARATOR	8	-	separator lines around the finder patterns
M_ALIGNMENT	10	2560	the 5x5 alignment patterns
M_TIMING	12	3072	the timing pattern lines
M_FORMAT	14	3584	format information pattern
M_VERSION	16	4096	version information pattern
M_QUIETZONE	18	-	margin around the QR Code
M_LOGO	20	-	space for a logo image (not used yet)
M_TEST	255	65280	test value

Notes

The QR encoder, especially the subroutines for mask pattern testing, can cause high CPU load on increased matrix size. You can avoid a part of this load by choosing a fast output module, like OUTPUT_IMAGE_* and setting the mask pattern manually (which may result in unreadable QR Codes). Oh hey and don't forget to sanitize any user input!

Disclaimer!

I don't take responsibility for molten CPUs, misled applications, failed log-ins etc.. Use at your own risk!

Trademark Notice

The word "QR Code" is registered trademark of DENSO WAVE INCORPORATED
http://www.denso-wave.com/qrcode/faqpatent-e.html

Framework Integration

• Drupal Google Authenticator Login ga_login
• WordPress wp-two-factor-auth
• WordPress Simple 2FA simple-2fa
• WoltLab Suite two-step-verification
• Cachet
• other uses: dependents / packages

Hi, please check out my other projects that are way cooler than qrcodes!

• php-oauth-core - an OAuth 1/2 client library along with a bunch of providers
• php-httpinterface - a PSR-7/15/17/18 implemetation
• php-database - a database client & querybuilder for MySQL, Postgres, SQLite, MSSQL, Firebird