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mattkelly4 committed Nov 7, 2023
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions docs/flight-planning/alternaterequirements.md
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Expand Up @@ -62,9 +62,9 @@ If your destination does not have an instrument approach, you must plan an alter
An alternate must be held for IFR flights if due to the aircraft's equipment or the destination aerodrome's navigation aids, a single point of failure in the aircraft or on the ground would cause a loss of approach capability. In practice, this means that if your destination has only a single approach type available or your aircraft has only a single piece of equipment which can receive that data, you must carry an alternate.

!!! example
Flying a B737 (with multiple GNSS, VHF NAV, and ADF equipment onboard) to Orange (YORG), which has published RNP approaches but no ground based aids, would require an alternate, as a loss of RAIM or GNSS integrity would result in the aircraft being unable to conduct an approach.
Flying a King Air (with a single GNSS, and multiple VHF NAV & ADF equipment onboard) to Orange (YORG), which has published RNP approaches but no ground based aids, would require an alternate, as a loss of RAIM or GNSS integrity would result in the aircraft being unable to conduct an approach.

Flying a C172 (with a single GNSS, VHF NAV, and no ADF) to Sydney (YSSY) would *not* require an alternate, as a failure of a single piece of equipment in the aircraft (e.g. the GPS) or on the ground (e.g. the ILS) would not prevent the aircraft from conducting an approach (they could still utilise the RNP or ILS approach, depending on the source of failure).
Flying a C172 (with a single GNSS and a single VHF NAV) to Sydney (YSSY) would *not* require an alternate, as a failure of a single piece of equipment in the aircraft (e.g. the GPS) or on the ground (e.g. the ILS) would not prevent the aircraft from conducting an approach (they could still utilise the RNP or ILS approach, depending on the source of failure).

### Night VFR
An alternate, within 1 hour flying time, is required for Night VFR flights unless:
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6 changes: 3 additions & 3 deletions docs/flight-planning/fuelplanning.md
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Expand Up @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ In the real world, reserve fuel rules are divided into aircraft category and wei

| Aircraft Type | Flight Rules | Final Reserve | Contingency Fuel |
| ------------- | ------------ | ------------- | ---------------- |
| Piston engine or small turboprop | VFR | 30 min | |
| Piston engine or small turboprop | Day VFR | 30 min | |
| Piston engine or small turboprop | Night VFR or IFR | 45 min | |
| Jet engine or commuter turboprop | VFR or IFR | 30 min | 5% of flight & alternate fuel |
| Helicopter | VFR | 20 min | |
Expand All @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Approach fuel is only required when the weather indicates an instrument approach

| Cloud | Visibility |
| ----- | ---------- |
| Any cloud below LSALT +500ft | 8km |
| Any cloud below LSALT +500ft | Less than 8km |

### Weather Holding/Alternate Fuel
Where the weather (or other factors) are expected to be unsuitable, sufficient fuel must be carried to either hold until conditions improve or divert to a suitable alternate aerodrome. See [Alternate Requirements](./alternaterequirements.md) for more information.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ Below are several sample fuel plans for various aircraft types. These are provid
| Alternate Fuel | 257 kg |
| Weather Holding | |
| Traffic Holding | 150 kg (20 min) |
| Instrument Approach | 200 kg |
| Instrument Approach | 200 kg (2 approaches) |
| Final Reserve | 225 kg |
| Contingency Fuel | 37 kg |
| Taxi Fuel | 25 kg |
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