feat: add reflection functions for refraction calculus

Makefile

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ SOURCES := main.c models.c basic_math.c vector_math.c colors.c canvas.c
 SOURCES += mx_attributes.c mx_operations.c mx_rotations.c mx_transformations.c
 SOURCES += mx_utils.c rays.c intersections.c spheres.c
 SOURCES += lights.c materials.c guards.c world.c view_transform.c camera.c
-SOURCES += render.c controls.c shapes.c shadows.c planes.c
+SOURCES += render.c controls.c shapes.c shadows.c planes.c textures.c
 
 OBJS := $(addprefix $(OBJ_DIR)/, $(SOURCES:.c=.o))
 

include/lights.h

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 /*   By: yde-goes <[email protected]>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
 /*                                                +#+#+#+#+#+   +#+           */
 /*   Created: 2023/04/11 11:06:23 by yde-goes          #+#    #+#             */
-/*   Updated: 2023/04/25 14:57:57 by yde-goes         ###   ########.fr       */
+/*   Updated: 2023/05/11 17:51:28 by yde-goes         ###   ########.fr       */
 /*                                                                            */
 /* ************************************************************************** */
 

include/materials.h

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 /*   By: yde-goes <[email protected]>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
 /*                                                +#+#+#+#+#+   +#+           */
 /*   Created: 2023/04/11 11:05:52 by yde-goes          #+#    #+#             */
-/*   Updated: 2023/04/20 10:58:42 by mdias-ma         ###   ########.fr       */
+/*   Updated: 2023/05/12 11:28:00 by yde-goes         ###   ########.fr       */
 /*                                                                            */
 /* ************************************************************************** */
 
@@ -34,6 +34,13 @@
  * by the parameter shininess.
  * @param shininess Represents the shininess. The higher the shininess, the
  * smaller and tigher the specular highlight.
+ * @param reflective Represents the material's surface reflection value.
+ * @param transparency Represents the material's transparency. If transparency
+ *                     is zero, then the surface is opaque.
+ * @param refractive_index Represents the degree to which light will bend when
+ *                         entering or exiting the material, compared to other
+ *                         materials. If variable value is 1.0, it means that
+ *                         the object is empty, vacuum-filled shells.
  */
 typedef struct s_material
 {
@@ -42,6 +49,9 @@ typedef struct s_material
 	float	diffuse;
 	float	specular;
 	float	shininess;
+	float	reflective;
+	float	transparency;
+	float	refractive_index;
 }	t_material;
 
 /* ************************************************************************** */
@@ -80,7 +90,7 @@ typedef struct s_exposure
  * t_material with the following default values: color = {1, 1, 1},
  * ambient = 0.1, diffuse = 0.9, specular = 0.9 and shininess = 200.
  *
- * @return (t_material) Returns a default instance of the new material.
+ * @return Returns a default instance of the new material.
  */
 t_material	material(void);
 
@@ -99,7 +109,7 @@ t_material	material(void);
  * @param point A struct of type t_tuple of the point being illuminated.
  * @param sight A struct of type t_sight with the values of eye and normal
  * vectors obtained from the Phong Reflection Model algorithm.
- * @return (t_color) The function returns the final shading of that point.
+ * @return The function returns the final shading of that point.
  */
 t_color		lighting(t_material m, t_light light, t_tuple point, t_sight sight);
 

include/shapes.h

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 /*                                                        :::      ::::::::   */
 /*   shapes.h                                           :+:      :+:    :+:   */
 /*                                                    +:+ +:+         +:+     */
-/*   By: mdias-ma <mdias-ma@student.42sp.org.br>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
+/*   By: yde-goes <yde-goes@student.42sp.org.br>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
 /*                                                +#+#+#+#+#+   +#+           */
 /*   Created: 2023/03/28 18:05:41 by mdias-ma          #+#    #+#             */
-/*   Updated: 2023/05/09 14:13:17 by mdias-ma         ###   ########.fr       */
+/*   Updated: 2023/05/12 17:33:27 by yde-goes         ###   ########.fr       */
 /*                                                                            */
 /* ************************************************************************** */
 
@@ -266,4 +266,10 @@ t_tuple	normal_at_plane(t_shape *shape, t_tuple world_point);
  */
 t_bool	intersect_plane(t_hit **xs, t_shape *shape, t_ray ray);
 
+/* ************************************************************************** */
+/*                               TEXTURES.C                                   */
+/* ************************************************************************** */
+
+void	glassy_shape(t_shape *shape);
+
 #endif

include/world.h

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 /*                                                        :::      ::::::::   */
 /*   world.h                                            :+:      :+:    :+:   */
 /*                                                    +:+ +:+         +:+     */
-/*   By: mdias-ma <mdias-ma@student.42sp.org.br>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
+/*   By: yde-goes <yde-goes@student.42sp.org.br>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
 /*                                                +#+#+#+#+#+   +#+           */
 /*   Created: 2023/04/13 14:17:44 by mdias-ma          #+#    #+#             */
-/*   Updated: 2023/05/08 16:48:57 by mdias-ma         ###   ########.fr       */
+/*   Updated: 2023/05/12 14:11:54 by yde-goes         ###   ########.fr       */
 /*                                                                            */
 /* ************************************************************************** */
 
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 # include "lights.h"
 # include "shapes.h"
 
+# define MAX_RECURSION 5
+
 typedef struct s_world
 {
 	int		object_count;
@@ -32,6 +34,7 @@ typedef struct s_comps
 	t_sight	sight;
 	t_bool	inside;
 	t_tuple	over_point;
+	t_tuple	reflectv;
 }	t_comps;
 
 /* ************************************************************************** */
@@ -78,9 +81,12 @@ t_comps	prepare_computations(t_hit *intersection, t_ray ray);
  *
  * @param world The world in which the intersection occurred.
  * @param comps The precomputed information about the intersection.
+ * @param remaining Specifies the maximum recursive depth for the function if it
+ *                  needs to handle infinite recursion caused by two objects that
+ *                  mutually reflect rays between themselves.
  * @return The color of the intersection point.
  */
-t_color	shade_hit(t_world world, t_comps comps);
+t_color	shade_hit(t_world world, t_comps comps, size_t remaining);
 
 /**
  * @brief Computes the color at the intersection of a given ray with a world.
@@ -96,10 +102,30 @@ t_color	shade_hit(t_world world, t_comps comps);
  *
  * @param world The world in which the intersection occurred.
  * @param ray The ray that intersected with the shapes in the world.
+ * @param remaining Specifies the maximum recursive depth for the function if it
+ *                  needs to handle infinite recursion caused by two objects that
+ *                  mutually reflect rays between themselves.
+ * reflect rays between themselves 
  * @return The color of the intersection point, or black if there is
  *         no such intersection.
  */
-t_color	color_at(t_world world, t_ray ray);
+t_color	color_at(t_world world, t_ray ray, size_t remaining);
+
+/**
+ * @brief This function calcutes the reflected ray and its color from any
+ *        reflective material specified in variable of type t_world.
+ * 
+ * @param world A pointer to a structure of type `t_world` representing the
+ *              world containing objects, rays and light sources.
+ * @param comps The precomputed information about the world.
+ * @param remaining Specifies the maximum recursive depth for the function if it
+ *                  needs to handle infinite recursion caused by two objects that
+ *                  mutually reflect rays between themselves.
+ * @return If remaining is zero or if material reflection is nonexistent, the
+ *         function returns a color equivalent to black. Otherwise, it returns
+ *         the reflected color from a reflective material.
+ */
+t_color	reflected_color(t_world world, t_comps comps, size_t remaining);
 
 /* ************************************************************************** */
 /*                                 SHADOWS.C                                  */

src/canvas/render.c

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 /*                                                        :::      ::::::::   */
 /*   render.c                                           :+:      :+:    :+:   */
 /*                                                    +:+ +:+         +:+     */
-/*   By: mdias-ma <mdias-ma@student.42sp.org.br>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
+/*   By: yde-goes <yde-goes@student.42sp.org.br>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
 /*                                                +#+#+#+#+#+   +#+           */
 /*   Created: 2023/04/21 12:16:18 by mdias-ma          #+#    #+#             */
-/*   Updated: 2023/04/23 12:51:00 by mdias-ma         ###   ########.fr       */
+/*   Updated: 2023/05/12 10:36:31 by yde-goes         ###   ########.fr       */
 /*                                                                            */
 /* ************************************************************************** */
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ t_bool	render_scene(t_canvas *canvas, t_world *world, t_camera *camera)
 		while (x < camera->hsize - 1)
 		{
 			ray = ray_for_pixel(camera, x, y);
-			color = color_at(*world, ray);
+			color = color_at(*world, ray, MAX_RECURSION);
 			write_pixel(canvas, x, y, rgb(color));
 			x++;
 		}

src/materials/materials.c

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 /*   By: yde-goes <[email protected]>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
 /*                                                +#+#+#+#+#+   +#+           */
 /*   Created: 2023/04/11 11:11:46 by yde-goes          #+#    #+#             */
-/*   Updated: 2023/04/25 17:30:42 by yde-goes         ###   ########.fr       */
+/*   Updated: 2023/05/12 14:52:58 by yde-goes         ###   ########.fr       */
 /*                                                                            */
 /* ************************************************************************** */
 
@@ -23,7 +23,10 @@ t_material	material(void)
 		.ambient = 0.1,
 		.diffuse = 0.9,
 		.specular = 0.9,
-		.shininess = 200.0
+		.shininess = 200.0,
+		.reflective = 0.0,
+		.transparency = 0.0,
+		.refractive_index = 1.0
 	});
 }
 

src/shapes/spheres.c

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 /*                                                        :::      ::::::::   */
 /*   spheres.c                                          :+:      :+:    :+:   */
 /*                                                    +:+ +:+         +:+     */
-/*   By: mdias-ma <mdias-ma@student.42sp.org.br>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
+/*   By: yde-goes <yde-goes@student.42sp.org.br>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
 /*                                                +#+#+#+#+#+   +#+           */
 /*   Created: 2023/04/05 18:30:21 by mdias-ma          #+#    #+#             */
-/*   Updated: 2023/05/09 10:34:13 by mdias-ma         ###   ########.fr       */
+/*   Updated: 2023/05/12 11:33:44 by yde-goes         ###   ########.fr       */
 /*                                                                            */
 /* ************************************************************************** */
 

src/shapes/textures.c

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/* ************************************************************************** */
+/*                                                                            */
+/*                                                        :::      ::::::::   */
+/*   textures.c                                         :+:      :+:    :+:   */
+/*                                                    +:+ +:+         +:+     */
+/*   By: yde-goes <[email protected]>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
+/*                                                +#+#+#+#+#+   +#+           */
+/*   Created: 2023/05/12 11:19:51 by yde-goes          #+#    #+#             */
+/*   Updated: 2023/05/12 11:27:27 by yde-goes         ###   ########.fr       */
+/*                                                                            */
+/* ************************************************************************** */
+
+#include "shapes.h"
+
+void	glassy_shape(t_shape *shape)
+{
+	shape->material.transparency = 1.0;
+	shape->material.refractive_index = 1.5;
+}

src/world/shadows.c

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 /*                                                        :::      ::::::::   */
 /*   shadows.c                                          :+:      :+:    :+:   */
 /*                                                    +:+ +:+         +:+     */
-/*   By: mdias-ma <mdias-ma@student.42sp.org.br>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
+/*   By: yde-goes <yde-goes@student.42sp.org.br>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
 /*                                                +#+#+#+#+#+   +#+           */
 /*   Created: 2023/04/19 16:22:34 by yde-goes          #+#    #+#             */
-/*   Updated: 2023/05/09 14:13:16 by mdias-ma         ###   ########.fr       */
+/*   Updated: 2023/05/12 10:36:50 by yde-goes         ###   ########.fr       */
 /*                                                                            */
 /* ************************************************************************** */
 

src/world/world.c

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 /*                                                        :::      ::::::::   */
 /*   world.c                                            :+:      :+:    :+:   */
 /*                                                    +:+ +:+         +:+     */
-/*   By: mdias-ma <mdias-ma@student.42sp.org.br>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
+/*   By: yde-goes <yde-goes@student.42sp.org.br>    +#+  +:+       +#+        */
 /*                                                +#+#+#+#+#+   +#+           */
 /*   Created: 2023/04/13 15:29:04 by mdias-ma          #+#    #+#             */
-/*   Updated: 2023/05/09 14:13:14 by mdias-ma         ###   ########.fr       */
+/*   Updated: 2023/05/12 10:50:09 by yde-goes         ###   ########.fr       */
 /*                                                                            */
 /* ************************************************************************** */
 
@@ -46,23 +46,24 @@ t_comps	prepare_computations(t_hit *intersection, t_ray ray)
 		return (comps);
 	}
 	comps.over_point = add(comps.point, multiply(comps.sight.normalv, EPSILON));
+	comps.reflectv = reflect(ray.direction, comps.sight.normalv);
 	comps.inside = FALSE;
 	return (comps);
 }
 
-t_color	shade_hit(t_world world, t_comps comps)
+t_color	shade_hit(t_world world, t_comps comps, size_t remaining)
 {
+	t_color	surface;
+	t_color	reflected;
+
 	world.lights->in_shadow = is_shadowed(&world, comps.over_point);
-	return (
-		lighting(
-			comps.object->material,
-			world.lights[0],
-			comps.point,
-			comps.sight
-		));
+	surface = lighting(comps.object->material,
+			world.lights[0], comps.point, comps.sight);
+	reflected = reflected_color(world, comps, remaining);
+	return (add_color(surface, reflected));
 }
 
-t_color	color_at(t_world world, t_ray ray)
+t_color	color_at(t_world world, t_ray ray, size_t remaining)
 {
 	t_hit	*x;
 	t_comps	comps;
@@ -73,6 +74,18 @@ t_color	color_at(t_world world, t_ray ray)
 	if (x == NULL)
 		return (new_color(0, 0, 0));
 	comps = prepare_computations(x, ray);
-	color = shade_hit(world, comps);
+	color = shade_hit(world, comps, remaining);
 	return (color);
 }
+
+t_color	reflected_color(t_world world, t_comps comps, size_t remaining)
+{
+	t_ray	reflect_ray;
+	t_color	color;
+
+	if (!remaining || !comps.object->material.reflective)
+		return (new_color(0, 0, 0));
+	reflect_ray = new_ray(comps.over_point, comps.reflectv);
+	color = color_at(world, reflect_ray, remaining - 1);
+	return (multiply_color(color, comps.object->material.reflective));
+}

tests/Makefile

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ SOURCES := models.c basic_math.c vector_math.c colors.c
 SOURCES += mx_attributes.c mx_operations.c mx_rotations.c mx_transformations.c
 SOURCES += mx_utils.c rays.c intersections.c spheres.c
 SOURCES += lights.c materials.c guards.c world.c view_transform.c camera.c
-SOURCES += canvas.c render.c controls.c shadows.c shapes.c planes.c
+SOURCES += canvas.c render.c controls.c shadows.c shapes.c planes.c textures.c
 
 UTILS := utils.c
 OBJS  := $(addprefix $(OBJ_DIR)/, $(SOURCES:.c=.o))