Client backends for the remote execution of circuits

[BrunoLiegiBastonLiegi]

This PR add support for the QiboClientBackend and a QiskitClientBackend implemented in https://github.com/qiboteam/qibo-cloud-backends that allow for the remote execution of circuits. Furthermore, support for QASM gate command is added to the parser.

Checklist:

• Reviewers confirm new code works as expected.
• Tests are passing.
• Coverage does not decrease.
• Documentation is updated.

[scarrazza]

@BrunoLiegiBastonLiegi thanks for this, however let me suggest to move these backends directly in https://github.com/qiboteam/qibo-cloud-backends, so we avoid mixing the core code with external providers.

[BrunoLiegiBastonLiegi]

Ah ok, sorry about that, I'll move them.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Comparison is base (465e88d) 100.00% compared to head (7895cd2) 100.00%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##            master     #1157   +/-   ##
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  Coverage   100.00%   100.00%           
=========================================
  Files           69        69           
  Lines        10110     10145   +35     
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+ Hits         10110     10145   +35     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

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[alecandido]

Despite the parser being the major upgrade, I didn't pay much attention to it, because we should use a better strategy for defining it (either using the official parser or make our own one, with a specification of a subset of the formal language used).

Using regexes is a simple option for a quick parser, but when things grow and last long it becomes quite involved and complex (and thus much harder to review...).

[BrunoLiegiBastonLiegi]

Thanks @alecandido, I agree the parser has to be replaced with something more controllable. If the execution through cloud functionality is not urgent, we could delay this and try to incorporate the use of https://github.com/openqasm/openqasm as we discussed separately.

[alecandido]

If the execution through cloud functionality is not urgent, we could delay this and try to incorporate the use of openqasm/openqasm as we discussed separately.

It is fine, but even if it's not urgent, I would merge this with the current parser. Just to decouple the two tasks.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 100.00%. Comparing base (31bbbb4) to head (7d8849b).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##            master     #1157   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage   100.00%   100.00%           
=========================================
  Files           72        72           
  Lines        10480     10516   +36     
=========================================
+ Hits         10480     10516   +36     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

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[scarrazza]

@BrunoLiegiBastonLiegi do you prefer to merge this now or wait until qibo-cloud-backens is released? Openqasm could be further upgraded in a separate PR.

[BrunoLiegiBastonLiegi]

I don't know, the only additional thing this PR is providing is the support to the qasm gate command. So it depends, if that is something that is nice to have without waiting for the cloud backends we could merge this. Otherwise we could wait.

[scarrazza]

Ok, lets wait until we test and release the cloud backends.

[scarrazza]

Meanwhile, could you please fix tests?

[BrunoLiegiBastonLiegi]

Ok I added a reference in the qibo api reference docs about qibo-cloud-backends, linking to the official documentation (which also contains usage examples). I also added an optional cloud group in poetry.
Both this and qibo-cloud-backends PR should be ready, we just need to release qibo-cloud-backends-0.0.1 and then merge this I guess.

[alecandido]

@BrunoLiegiBastonLiegi any known blocker for this?

I believe @MatteoRobbiati could be busy, so I'm adding @stavros11 for the review (and @scarrazza in cc).

[alecandido]

✅ great to see you again!

[alecandido]

I rebased on master, such that it can be cleanly merged (#1236 was merged in the meanwhile).

Whenever tests are passing, I'd merge this @BrunoLiegiBastonLiegi