add workflow to run examples in ci

[nsipplswezey]

#839 suggested putting examples into into CI. I took a look into doing so on my own fork. As @piodul pointed out, these examples are not all fundamentally similar. This PR excludes the cloud and tls examples since it seems like the cloud credentials may need to be reviewed and the tls example already runs in CI against a specific tls image.

Furthermore, when running all examples in series, tables persist between example runs causing errors when tables share names. See #844

Possible fix for #839

Pre-review checklist

• I have split my patch into logically separate commits.
• All commit messages clearly explain what they change and why.
• I added relevant tests for new features and bug fixes.
• All commits compile, pass static checks and pass test.
• PR description sums up the changes and reasons why they should be introduced.
• I have provided docstrings for the public items that I want to introduce.
• I have adjusted the documentation in ./docs/source/.
• I added appropriate Fixes: annotations to PR description.

[Lorak-mmk]

Sorry for the long wait.
Generally looks good to me, assuming that CI passes. I see that it didn't, but the logs already expired.
Could you rebase on current main, drop the merge commit and squash the remaining 2?
Then CI will run again and we'll see if everything works.

[wprzytula]

@nsipplswezey What's the status of this?