Add FRI layer 0 (WIP)

[andrewmilson]

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[reviewable-StarkWare]

This change is 

[andrewmilson]

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• Add FRI layer 0 (WIP) #895 👈 (View in Graphite)
• Return opening positions and query positions per column size in FRI #856
• Make CommitmentSchemeProver::prove_values take ownership #852 : 1 other dependent PR (#897 )
• Add arithmetic op counts to InfoEvaluator #832
• Add size estimate for StarkProof #831
• dev

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[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 94.89796% with 15 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Please upload report for BASE (09-23-Return_opening_positions_and_query_positions_per_column_size_in_FRI@2811e40). Learn more about missing BASE report.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
crates/prover/src/core/pcs/quotients.rs	91.17%	3 Missing and 3 partials ⚠️
crates/prover/src/core/prover/mod.rs	60.00%	6 Missing ⚠️
crates/prover/src/core/fri.rs	96.66%	1 Missing ⚠️
crates/prover/src/core/pcs/prover.rs	98.57%	1 Missing ⚠️
crates/prover/src/core/pcs/verifier.rs	97.87%	0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@                                             Coverage Diff                                              @@
##             09-23-Return_opening_positions_and_query_positions_per_column_size_in_FRI     #895   +/-   ##
============================================================================================================
  Coverage                                                                             ?   91.69%           
============================================================================================================
  Files                                                                                ?       90           
  Lines                                                                                ?    12733           
  Branches                                                                             ?    12733           
============================================================================================================
  Hits                                                                                 ?    11676           
  Misses                                                                               ?      942           
  Partials                                                                             ?      115           

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[github-actions]

⚠️ Performance Alert ⚠️

Possible performance regression was detected for benchmark.
Benchmark result of this commit is worse than the previous benchmark result exceeding threshold 2.

Benchmark suite	Current: 33ffc16	Previous: f6214d1	Ratio
merkle throughput/simd merkle	30833460 ns/iter (± 531466)	14690867 ns/iter (± 434150)	2.10

This comment was automatically generated by workflow using github-action-benchmark.

CC: @spapinistarkware